1. Notes 10/23/09
Exam answer keys: 3rd floor Centennial (Lockhart Hall), biology computer lab.
Cell division functions in reproduction
-Reproduce
-Growth (ex. baby -> child -> teen -> adult)
-Repair (ex. cuts)
Cell division distributes identical sets of chromosomes to daughter cells.
-Chromatin (what chromosomes look like when you can’t tell one from another)
-Chromosomes (greek – chroma, colour / somes, body). 2 sister chromatids =
chromosome.
2 separate identical strands of DNA.
Condensing => coil up
<- same as:
Mitosis: purpose is so that copies of chromosomes can be made
-Centromere: Protein that holds two copies of DNA together.
-Chromatid: each copy of DNA molecule.
Cellular organization of genetic material:
-Genome => a cell’s endowment of DNA, it’s genetic material.
-Chromosomes => eukaryotic genomes usually consist of a number of DNA
molecules, packaged together.
Human Genome Project => map of genes on chromosomes.
Prokaryotic = bacterial cells
Eukaryotic = complex, larger cells
Chromosome duplication and distribution during cell division
2. The Cell Cycle
-Interphase
-G1 – phase
when cell is
doing its job
Trigger to
begin division
S1 –
Copy DNA
G2 –
Preparation for
division
-DNA
Synthesis
-Mitotic phase
Interphase -> Mitosis
The Mitotic Cell Cycle
-The mitotic phase alternates with interphase in
the cell cycle.
--G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase.
--Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
-The mitotic spindle distributes chromosomes to
daughter cells.
Interphase (page 130-131)
---draw diagrams, label, describe, multiple times to remember—
Centrosomes— makes
microtubules, creates
spindle apparatus.
Centromere—
