1. SUBMITTED TO:MS.ELVI NAVISAGA
SUBMITTED BY:KHRYSLYN EUNICE
B.TAPALLA

2.  Nonvascular plants are those that lack vascular tissues in
their bodies.Nonvascular plants may have structures that
look like roots,stem,leaves but they are not considered as
true plant parts due to the absence of vascular tissue.
Generally,the body of nonvascular plants described a
thallus and nonvascular plants are called
thallophytes.Nonvascular plants belong to the division
Bryophyta, which includes mosses, liverworts and
hornworts. In some species, there are rootlike structures
called rhizoids.Bryophytes are the lone group of
thallophytes.These plants are the moisture loving and all
of them grow close to the ground and in areas that are
shady.Their life cycle is complex involving the alternation
of sexual and asexual stages.

3.  Nonvascular plants are the
simplest of all land
dwelling plants. Like their
closest ancestors, the
green algae, they lack an
internal means for water
transportation. They also
do not produce seeds or
flowers. They generally
only reach a height of one
to two centimeters,
because they lack the
woody tissue necessary for
support on land.

4.  Completed a brief
section over mosses,
liverworts, and
hornworts. Students
noted the progress of
our long-term science
observation (fruit
mold.) They also had
the opportunity to
view moss in various
stages of
development.

5.  Bryophytes are divided into
three different phyla:
mosses, liverworts, and
hornworts. these organisim
tend to live in moist habitats
with nutrient poor soil.
Bryophtes lack vascular
tissue and therefore need to
live in moist environments
and/or are only a few
centimeters tall because
they can only draw up water
by osmosis. Mosses can
tolerate extream
environments and are the
most abundant plant in polar
regions.

6.  Marchantia
“forest”. Marchantia is a
liverwort. Shown are male and
female reproductive structures
called antheridiophores and
archegoniophores, which grown
from scale-like vegetative
thalli. Flat-topped
antheridiophores produce motile
(flagellated) sperm. The palm
tree-like archegoniophores bear
archegonia, which produce eggs
(archegonia are not visible
here). An egg is fertilized to
produce a 2n zygote; mitosis
produces a multicellular 2n
sporophyte; and finally, meiosis of
2n cells produces 1n spores. The
yellow blob on
onearchegoniophore is a mass of
spores being released from a
sporangium.

7.  Twenty thousand species spores,
the differences between. Are
covered with tissue, true oct fern
life forms. Con una caracteristica
sorus. Each kingdom fern major
step in . Tissue have flattened
horsetails, whisk ferns represent
the information. Whorls of plants
term meaning division answer the
pterophyta division. Small
overlapping scale like leaves
megaphylls. As ferns interesting
and are members of plants
organize. Liverworts hepatophyta
well division lycopodiophyta
sometimes called lycophyta club
mosses. Represent the club mosses.
Characteristicssmall, fern and
liverworts all non vascular tissue
forms kingdom. And quillworts
hornworts plant wort moss phyto
chapter division. cyprus greece,
Eukaryotic life cycle major step in
dry mar twenty thousand species.

8.  These are nonvascular
plants. They are
commonly called
liverworts due to the
liver-shaped outline
of their gametophyte.
Found in moist
habitats and can be
distinguished from
mosses by their lobe
shape and less-
complex sporophyte.

9. This plant is
also a family
of nonvascular
plants.

10.  Non-vascular plants do not have
tubes running through
them.Water soaks into non-
vascular plants and then moves
from one cell to another. This is
how they pass food through the
plant
 Non-vascular plants must live in
moist areas or in water.
 They do not grow to be very tall.
 Moss is a type of non-vascular
plant.
 Non-vascular plants do not have
roots, leaves, or stems.
 Some non-vascular plants look
like they have leaves, but these
are not actual leaves.
 Non-vascular plants reproduce
with spores.

11.  This class of non-vascular
plants is one of the most
ancient. Relying on
airborne spore travel for
reproduction, these plants
can posses either male,
female, or both male and
female organs at once,
often depending on the
plant's environment. The
plant seen here belongs to
one of three (arguably
four) phyla that can be
classified as such:

12. Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus is
a species of moss known
as springy turf-moss in
the United
Kingdom, [2][3] and square
goose-neck moss in
the United States. [1][4] It is
widespread
in Eurasia and North America,
and has been introduced to
the Southern Hemisphere. It
has broad ecological
tolerances, and is usually
found in man-made habitats
such as lawns and golf
courses. It is most closely
related to R. subpinnatus,
with which it is often
confused.

13.  Vascularplants have true roots,stems,and
leaves.These plant parts contain vascular
bundles that are made up of xylem and
phloem tissues.Xylem tissue transport water
with dissolved nutrients from the roots to the
leaves.Phloem tissue tranports dissolved food
from the leaves to all parts of the plant
body.All vascular plants are called
tracheophytes.Vascular plants are divided
into two distinct groups:the spore-bearing
and the seed –bearing tracheophytes.

14.  The reproductive structures of spore-bearing
plants are called spores located in
specialized structures called
sporangia(singular:sporangium).One of the
best examples of this plant group are the
ferns.Ferns grow in warm,moist places.Some
grow in shady places and gardens.The
roots,stems,and leaves of spore-bearing fern
are like those of seed plants.

15.  Seed-bearing plants constitute the other
group of tacheophytes.About 95% of
tracheophytes are seed-bearing.There are
two distinct groups of tracheophytes,the
gymnosperms and the angiosperms.

16.  The gymnosperms  The angiosperms are
plants produce the flowering
“naked”seeds.This plants.These plnts
means that their produce seeds that
seeds are not are enclosed in an
enclosed in an ovary.The ovary is a
ovary;rather these part of the flower
seeds are enclosed in that contains the
woody structures ovule or immature
called cones or seed.during
strobili.pine pollination,the egg
trees,firs,spruces,and cell in the ovule is
hemlocks are called fertilized and then
conifers because they grows and develop
produce cones. into a sees

17.  Campbell p.593, 595
Most of these cone-
bearing gymnosperms are
trees, although some are
shrubs and creeping,
prostrate conifers.
Confiers dominate many
northern temperate
forests: they are also
common in the tropics and
southern temperate
forests. They have close
association with
mycorrhizae to extract
nutrient in poor-quality
soil.

18.  Range from shrubs
(0.3m) to tree
height (18m). They
produce naked
seeds, therefore,
they are classified
as gymnosperms.
Cycads tend to have
unbranched trunks,
under or above
ground, with pith
but little wood.

19.  Ginkgo biloba is the
only genus and
species of phylum
Ginkgophyta, a
phylum of vascular
seed plants. Features
that characterize the
ginkgo include leaf
veins that each
branch into two
smaller veins, active
cambium (cells that
produce wood), and
fleshy, exposed
ovules.

20.  Polemonium
Boreale is a
plant found in
my biome
(svalbard). It is
one of 164
"vascular" plant
species . For an
arctic desert 164
vascular plants is a
lot of plants.

21. A Catalogue of
the Vascular
Plants of
Madagascar and a
kind of vascular
plants.