Western-Northwest Rips as well as the Flat Floor. These lay WNW from Briers Island, extending offsho...

1. Fishing Grounds of the Gulf 1 03
Western-Northwest Rips as well as the Flat Floor. These lay WNW from Briers Island, extending
offshore about 18 kilometers. Around the eastern end of this area, two parallel shoals, about 1?
kilometers throughout and having 50-fathom depths between the two, increase from your 100-
fathom depths water over the dirty floor around them to reach 15 fathoms around the landward
finish of the rips, deepening to 35 fathoms off the traditional western part, where the two ridges get
together at about 9 miles range from Briers Island, to carry on to the westward over the Flat
Ground, which reaches a distance of about 18 miles from your tropical island.
This Flat Ground, deepening steadily westward, averages to have 50 fathoms water over a level,
gravelly, and difficult base, to pitch down all of a sudden, as do all other slopes of this bit of ground,
to the 100-fathom depth, which prevails on all sides from the Rips. Currents are very strong right
here, as elsewhere during these waters, to ensure that trawls are positioned only around the slack of
the tides, starting about 1 hour before and remaining down until about 1 hour right after these
periods. Previously this was a good ground for the getting of big herring. During these days The Rips
furnish good haddock and cod fishing for the whole calendar year, with hake plentiful at all times on
the dirt about them. Actually; virtually all the floor out of this point south to the Lurcher Shoal
furnishes great fishing for such species.
Boars Brain Ground (also called Internal Floor). This parallels the coastline about 4 kilometers N. by
NW from the Head, at Petit Passageway, into Saint. Marys Bay. This floor is about 4 miles lengthy by
3 miles broad, having depths from 55 to 65 fathoms spanning a hard base of damaged ground. Cod
are most several here from April to July, inclusive; haddock from July to September, inclusive. Hake
are found here in summer and early drop, primarily around the muddy floor between this and the
next minn kota edge ground--the External Ground.
Outer Floor. This really is about 3 miles long by 2 kilometers wide, lies about 9 kilometers out from
the main on the same bearing because the Inner Ground, and is also visited by the same species,
their periods of large quantity on this piece of bottom being the same as around the previous
ground. The practice of trawl minn kota edge has come more and more into use in recent years,
even though virtually all taking of ground fish on these grounds is done by hand-lining.
Head and Horns. A shoal of 68 fathoms, a couple of kilometers long in a NNE and SSW path by 1
mile broad, is situated expected north from the Boars Brain of Long Tropical island. Here is a hard
base where good cod minn kota edge is experienced during the spring and summer. Hands-lining
from the bottom is carried on in summer time for pollock. Haddock are couple of here, these
showing up mainly in the summer. Depths concerning the ground typical 80 fathoms more than
stones and mud.
Sandy Cove Floor. Is situated offshore NNE about 7 kilometers from West Soft sand Cove. It has
from 40 to 50 fathoms of water over a soft sand bottom, lying down parallel using the coastline,
about 4 kilometers long by 2 kilometers broad. Cod are abundant about this floor from May to July,
hake coming somewhat later on. As were most of the grounds of this vicinity, this ground was mainly
a hand-line spot, but in recent years fishing here has been done mostly by the trawl method.
Internal Sandy Cove Reasons. A Couple Of miles NNW. from West Soft sand Cove. They are 3
kilometers long NNE. and SSW. by ? distance broad. Both hand-lining and trawling methods of minn
kota edge are in use here, but the trawl is fast displacing the older gear. Depths are about 35

2. fathoms spanning a soft sand bottom and 50 fathoms about it. Varieties as well as their months of
abundance are as around the External Sandy Cove Floor. Almost between Spencer Island and Cape
Divided there exists good haddock minn kota edge in June and JulyJuly and cod minn kota edge in
May and June. Depths come from 16 to 40 fathoms: the bottom is generally stony, with substantial
regions of gravel. The minn kota edge is done primarily by trawling, quite short "sets" being made.
Away Cape Divided are substantial whirlpools, which, with springtime tides, are extremely
hazardous. These sometimes operate 9 knots one hour.
Spencer Tropical island. Almost anywhere between Spencer Island and Cape Divided there is good
haddock minn kota edge in June and JulyJuly and cod fishing in June and May. Depths are from 16 to
40 fathoms: the bottom is normally stony, with considerable regions of pea gravel. The minn kota
edge is done principally by trawling, rather short "units" being created. Away Cape Divided are
substantial whirlpools, which, with spring tides, are extremely hazardous. These sometimes run 9
knots an hour.
Isle au Haute. Is situated significantly up within the bay 9 kilometers W. ? S. from Cape Chignecto.
About this tropical island are good summer time haddock reasons with fair cod minn kota edge. The
second are taken by trawling principally. Depths concerning the island are from 9 to 14 fathoms,
deepening overseas to 35, the typical depths being 22 to 27 fathoms. North of the tropical island the
base is generally soft sand; somewhere else much of the ground is difficult or stony, with here and
there a small patch of gravelly floor. To the S. of this ground, toward the Nova Scotia shoreline and
also to within 2 miles from the coastline, the base is mainly muddy as well as little accounts as a
fishing ground. Tides are extremely heavy on all of the internal grounds from the Bay of Fundy.
Quaco Ledges. This floor is situated about 10 miles SE, from Quaco Head and is out at reduced tide,
the water concerning the ledges having depths from 14 to 30 fathoms over a bottom of rocks and
pea gravel, There exists a weighty tide rip more than these ledges when covered, These provide
great pollock fishing in the summer weeks, and cod fishing is carried on right here by hand-coating
from May to July.
Salmon Netting Floor. A salmon-netting floor lies away concerning the Mouth area St and Harbour,
John Harbour, where these fish are netted, for the most part throughout June and July, if they are en
path to the St, John River, in which are their spawning grounds.
Ingalls Shoal. This is the name given by a few of the fishermen from the vicinity to some shoal lying
about midway among Digby, Nova Scotia, and Point Lepreau, New Brunswick. This floor is about 9
kilometers long. NE. and SW., by about 5 kilometers wide. It lies about 22 kilometers NW. from
Digby and 18 or 20 kilometers from Point Lepreau. The depths come from 35 fathoms on the
shoalest area (in which is a bit of ground some 4 kilometers lengthy by 1 distance broad close to the
center of the bank, lying down in a NE. and SW. direction), the bottom sloping far from this on all
sides to 47 as well as 55 fathoms in a few locations. The base is mainly of sand and gravel or of little
stones over a lot of the floor except for the shoal parts, in which it really is primarily rocky. This
piece of minn kota edge ground furnishes great cod fishing inJune and July, and August, which
formerly was maintained by hand-lining however, as elsewhere in the bay, is increasingly more
being a trawl fishery. Haddock and pollock are also used here in fair quantities.
Mussel Shoal Ground. This can be a mussel-covered base lying 8 kilometers ESE. from your Eastern
Wolf and 9 kilometers from Stage Lepreau. It operates within an E. and W. direction and is also a
couple of miles long by 1 distance broad. Depths are from 40 to 50 fathoms. This is a scallop and
mussel bed, where big cod are usually in large quantity in winter. Pollock are lots here in June, and
hake are right here as well as in the surrounding Hake Ground in all the summer months.

3. The Wolves. These make a team of little isles lying N. ? E. from Grand Manan, faraway 8 or 10 miles.
At the base of gravel and rocks, extending about a distance from the shores of these, in depths of
from 18 to 34 fathoms, little watercraft and little vessels have a quantity of fish by trawl and hand
collection. They are mainly cod and haddock grounds in June and May and pollock grounds in July
and June. Additionally it is a winter season lobster ground for Canadian anglers.
The Wolves Financial institution. This financial institution lies between The Wolves and Grand
Manan, faraway about 8 kilometers from East Quoddy Lighting, SE. ? E. Marks: The Coxcomb
displaying towards the eastward and just touching on the western edge of Green Island: bring the
heads of Lavish Manan to form The Armchair, and White Horse and Simpson Tropical island into
range. This can be a little-boat floor of scarcely more than 6 acres, with depths of 18 to 30 fathoms
on the bottom of stones and dirt. seasons and Species are as on The Wolves. Southeast from your
Wolves from 2 to 20 kilometers is situated a piece of dirty bottom where hake are usually plentiful in
summer.
vicinity and Campobello. Fair quantities of cod and haddock are found between Grand Manan and
the American shoreline within the Northern Station (Lavish Manan Channel) between West Quoddy
Grand and Head Manan in depths of from 40 to 50 fathoms, over a base of stones, dirt, and fine sand
inJuly and June, and August or higher to Sept 15, while hake is the most plentiful varieties present.
No haddock or cod are on these grounds in winter. Halibut are taken in similar figures in the North
Station inJune and May, and July. Pollock are taken on the traditional western part of Campobello
Tropical island, near the eastern part of Indian Tropical island, and at the mouth from the station
between Campobello and Casco Bay Island. In every these locations are powerful tidal eddies. Most
are caught by hook and line in a small-boat fishery lasting from June 1 to September 1, although
some fish are taken by seining.
All around Deer and Campobello Island and also on the brand new Brunswick shoreline so far as
Saint. John are located weirs, which furnish large volumes of herring to the production facilities at
Eastport and Lubec.
Passamaquoddy Bay. [11] Depths here are from 10 to 24 fathoms, even 30 fathoms in which the
Saint. Croix Stream passes out in to the sea. There are rocky patches, though in general the bottom
is muddy. The later arrivals may reach30 and 40, or even 60 pounds, although in most years a school
of cod "strikes" here in April, the early corners being mostly of small size. Haddock occasionally
make their look in the bay as soon as May 1, staying via August. Hake, also, are present from June to
September, but this excellent fish is held of little account by local fishermen. A considerable flounder
market is developing during these seas, the seafood becoming taken in exclusively devised traps as
well as from the smaller otter trawls.
Passamaquoddy Bay is also a spring netting ground for herring (food seafood), and additionally,
there are many weirs functioning here every year in whose capture would go to the factories of
Lubec and Eastport for canning as sardines. Pollock are extremely plentiful, and a great deal of minn
kota edge on their behalf is carried on from June to October, each by seine and hand line. At times
the pollock completely fill up the numerous herring weirs, till, using their numbers, there is no
market for them. Pollock can also be abundant at the same period and therefore are used by the
same techniques in the Saint. Croix River, though perhaps they leave the river a month earlier in the
fall.
The Dirt Hake Grounds. These reasons lengthen about N. and S. between Campobello and The
Wolves and from about West Quoddy Visit Grand Manan. Their duration is all about 15 to 18 miles as

4. well as their size 3? miles. This can be a summer time ground a lot used by Canadian fishermen out
of Campobello, Lavish Manan, and Beaver Harbor. It is stated to be the best hake grounds in this
vicinity. Depths come from 45 to 60 fathoms, and minn kota edge is performed by trawls and hand
lines.
There is a stretch out of dirty base from Point Lepreau and Beaver Harbour to Lavish Manan, which
furnishes great hake fishing. In general, the base on the traditional western side of the Bay of Fundy
is muddy. This fishery is mainly carried on in the winter in small craft from Beaver Harbor and
Campobello, mostly by trawling, but some hand-lining is carried on, though off Beaver Harbor on a
mud bottom with 30 fathoms of water cod are found the year around.
Beaver Harbour. There is a stretch of dirty bottom from Point Lepreau and Beaver Harbor to Grand
Manan, which furnishes great hake fishing. In general, the base on the western side of the Bay of
Fundy is muddy. This fishery is mainly carried on in the winter in small craft from Beaver Harbor
and Campobello, mostly by trawling, but some hand-lining is carried on, although off Beaver Harbor
on a mud bottom with 30 fathoms of water cod are found the year around.
Grand Manan Bank. This bank is at the entrance from the Bay of Fundy, SW. ? S. from your south
west head of Grand Manan Island from where the north area of the bank is 15 miles distant. From
Mount Wasteland Rock, E. by S., it really is 45 miles distant. The financial institution is 10 miles
lengthy and 5 miles wide, stretching in a NE. and SW. direction. The bottom is mostly gravel and
stones, the depths running from 24 to 45 fathoms. Soundings of 21 and 18 fathoms are found on the
northeast component.
Cod (especially abundant when the June school is on the ground) and pollock would be the primary
fish. Haddock are not usually plentiful, even though occasionally they are plentiful in the fall from
late September to December; hake are fairly plentiful on the mud among Grand Manan Financial
institution and the Middle Floor (in The Gully). This is a good halibut financial institution, the
seafood being in 33 to 60 fathoms in June and July; the southwest soundings and the southeast
soundings are most productive always.
The very best fishing months are from April to October, when the fish arrived at this financial
institution to feed. Early in the year the seafood, other than halibut, are generally around the
southwest part, but later (July to October) the best fishing is experienced around the north edge of

5. the floor. The top herring minn kota edge for big herring (food fish) occurs on this financial
institution in June and July. Generally, this is a little-vessel ground fished by art from Cutler,
Eastport, Grand Manan, and, to a much less extent, Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, having an occasional
check out by art from Portland and Rockland, chiefly trawlers of average size.
Tides run NE. in flood and SW. around the ebb and therefore are very powerful, the deluge
becoming the largest. minn kota edge is somewhat difficult, it being necessary to make sets at the
slack of the tides, getting the gear over and traveling with the finish of the current, to take it up and
come back with the tide's return, because of these powerful currents.
Clarks Floor. This lies SSE. from White brain 4? kilometers (just inside the Bulkhead) and it has
depths from 6 to 14 fathoms over a rocky base. Here are really weighty rips on the ebb tide. This is a
good summer time floor for pollock, cod, and halibut, which is a great herring-netting ground in the
season.
Southern Brain Reef. The sequence of reefs stretching S from White Brain Island is all good floor in
summer for cod as well as for pollock, also, once the herring schools have this ground. Currents are
very heavy here. The ledges that make up this reef are pretty much linked. Among they are Brazil
Shoal, Tinker, Inner Diamond, External Diamond, Crawleys and Rans Operator (Bad Ground), as well
as the Aged Proprietor. Whilst virtually all this reef is pollock Crawleys, Rans and ground perhaps
furnish the very best fishing.
Gravelly. Lying about 5 or 6 miles SE. by S. from White Head, this piece of bottom has about 25-
fathom depths spanning a rocky base. This can be a cod and pollock ground in their season. While an
intermittent halibut is used here in summer time. Weighty tide rips happen here also.
The Soundings. Pointed out somewhere else as a herring floor, these lay outside the Bulkhead Rips 8
or 9 kilometers SE. from White Head. You will find 30 or 40 fathoms water right here spanning a
rock base, where pollock and cod are normally found in good number inAugust and July, and Sept,
and some halibut in summer.
Bulkhead Rips, also known as The Ripplings. This can be a long difficult buffer rising sharply from
your strong drinking water about it to depths of from 12 to 20 fathoms. Here are discovered
haddock, hake and cod and pollock in abundance from June 1 to October 31. Apparently all are
feeding on the small herring, so several within this vicinity at this particular period. Hardly any
haddock are found on the grounds within the near community of Grand Manan in winter. The
Ripplings were formerly among the principal minn kota edge grounds from the herring netters but of
late many years have been less productive.
Credit cards Reef. The depths here are from 28 to 30 fathoms, more than stones, as well as the
ground is situated 3 miles S. by E. from your Aged Proprietor and 9 miles from White Head. This can
be a cod and haddock floor from June to Nov.
Gannet Rock. This lies east of the Murre Ledges. All about it really is great ground in from 40 to 70
fathoms spanning a hard bottom. Cod are normally found within great deal from March to Might,
and halibut are used right here from March to Might, inclusive.
Southeast Floor and Gravel Bottom. These lay S. of Seal off Island, developing an extensive bit of
relatively level floor substantial bit minn kota endura 50 of fairly degree ground. The western part
bears a bit E. of S. as well as the eastern part about ESE. from the tropical island. It is about 5 or 10
miles in diameter. While this is really but one piece of floor, the eastern component is called the

6. Southeast Floor and the western part, from the nature of their base, the Gravel Base. The eastern
portion is muddy and has 40 to 60 fathoms. The traditional western has 35 to 40 fathoms. This is a
great cod ground in spring and winter. Haddock can be found from Nov to March, inclusive; hake in
summer time. Minn Kota Edge is done mainly by trawling by sloops and vessels.
Machias Seal off Island. Nineteen kilometers E. by S. from Moosabec Light. This furnishes great
ground within the water about it, in which depths are from 15 to 54 fathoms over a typically difficult
and uneven base. In summerhaddock and cod, and pollock are plentiful here, the cod and haddock
staying all winter season. The fishery is carried on mostly from the smaller vessels from Maine plug-
ins, primarily these from Cutler, with an occasional visit by bigger art, generally from the Portland
fleet. This ground is not much visited in winter. Fishing is done by trawling and hands-lining.
Gannet Rock and roll. This is situated east from the Murre Ledges. About it is good ground in from
40 to 70 fathoms spanning a difficult base. Cod are normally found here in great deal from Mar to
Might, and halibut are taken right here from Mar to May, comprehensive.
[Desk I--Fishing Reasons from the Bay of Fundy Area of the Gulf of Maine, displaying the principal
varieties used upon them.]
[Footnote 9: It (Fundy) had not been clearly pointed out by Verrazano (1524) nor within the
document of Gomez (1525), who most likely saw some thing of their entrance but fog or other
undesirable circumstances may have avoided him from observing it better, but we find in the first
old Spanish language maps, within the latitude where it needs to be, names such as these:
Rio hondo or 'fondo' (an in-depth river) or Bahia Hondo (an in-depth bay), or Golfo (a gulf) once, also
'La Bahia de los angeles ensenada', the bay from the deep inlet.
Physician Kohl, right here quoted further says "Around the charts of the 17th and earlier area of the
eighteenth century, especially, it really is composed Bay of Funda. I think this name increased from
and is also a revival of, the existing Spanish language title 'Bahia fondo'".]
[Footnote 10: It is gratifying to announce the winter season of 1925-26 noticed a big run of herring
about this ground, in which for several many years past we have seen virtually no fishing with this
varieties.]
[Footnote 11: "According to Porter C. Bliss, a thorough student of the Indian native dialects, Acadie
is really a pure Micmac word meaning place. In Nova Maine and Scotia it really is used by the
Indians in composition with other terms, as in Pestum-Acadie; and in Etchemin, Pascatum-Acadie,
now Passamaquoddy, meaning 'the host to the pollocks'" (Doctor Kohl, _Dis. of Maine_, p. 234)
"This derivation is doubtful. The Micmac wordKady and Quoddy, or Cadie indicates simply a place or
area and is also correctly used in conjunction with various other noun; as, for example, Pestum-
oquoddy (Passamaquoddy), the area of pollocks." (Hand
http://www.amazon.com/Minn-Kota/pages/2596629011 and Dawson, in _Canadian Antiquarian and
Numismatic Journal_)
"La Cadie, or Arcadie: The term is said to be derived from the Indian native Aquoddiaukie, or
Aquoddie, supposed to mean the seafood known as a pollock. The Bay of Passamaquoddy, 'great
pollock water,' if we may accept the same authority, derives its name from the same origin." (Potter,
in _Historical Publication_, I, 84)]

7. Internal Reasons
Below this going are listed those reasons of the innermost chain ofshoals and ledges, and "fishing
areas", patches of difficult and gravelly base, the much deeper drinking water between them
becoming on the muddy ground, which collection the coast of the Gulf of Maine, creating of it an
almost continuous piece of minn kota edge floor. Within the Reviews of the us Bureau of Fisheries,
which all of the statistics of the catch and worth of the different species offered in this report are
dependent, these figures are collected under the going "Shoreline".
The larger and more essential of these reasons are outcroppings across the edge of the 50-fathom
bend and lay at distances different from 12 to 20 kilometers offshore; but there are many inside this
line, and where the strong water of the Gulf of Maine extends up to now inshore some are near in to
the land. Therefore, virtually all are within comparatively simple reach even for the smaller art
(where these all now have energy) and thus furnish effective minn kota edge for any large number of
gill netters and sloops (small art of from five to ten tons net) and to the myriad of "under-ton" boats
(of under 5 plenty net), each one of these being empowered to run overseas, "make a set," and
return the same day.
With the uncertainties from the weather as well as the risks from the winter minn kota edge,
frequently the large vessels also follow this practice on those not too regular "seafood times" (when
problems allow fishing "outdoors ") that intercede between the storms; along with the scarcity of fish
in the markets usual to the period and the consequent much better price for your capture, with
regular minn kota edge luck they are properly purchased doing so.