2. Motivation is a process that starts with a physiological or psychological need or deficiency that activates behaviour or drive that is aimed at a goal or incentive. Thus, the key to understanding the process of motivation lies in the meaning of relationship between needs, drives and incentives. 1. Need 2. Drives 3. Incentives

3. MOTIVE Is an inner state that energizes, activates (or move), and directs (or channels) the behaviour of individuals toward certain goals (Berlson & Steiner, 1964). Motivation is the actual action, that is work behaviour itself. It’s a process. TYPES BIOLOGICAL SOCIAL

4. MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS SAFETY & SECURITY NEEDS SOCIAL NEEDS ESTEEM NEEDS SELF ACTUALIZATION

6. THEORY X and THEORY Y - Douglas McGregor

8. MOTIVATION- HYGIENE THEORY: FREDERICK HERZBERG The theory explains that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction, while extrinsic factors are associated with dissatisfaction.

12. EXPECTANCY MODEL A B C A = Effort - Performance Linkage B = Performance-Reward Linkage C = Attractiveness EXPECTANCY THEORY : It states that an individual tends to act in a certain way based on the expectation that the act will be followed by a given outcome and on the attractiveness of that outcome to the individual.

13. VIE THEORY OF MOTIVATION

14. PORTER-LAWLER MODEL

15. MOTIVATION-PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP CONTINGENCIES

16. MODEL OF MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE