Ki-Tech Solutions IEEE PROJECTS DEVELOPMENTS WE OFFER IEEE PROJECTS MCA FINAL YEAR STUDENT PROJECTS, ENGINEERING PROJECTS AND TRAINING, PHP PROJECTS, JAVA AND J2EE PROJECTS, ASP.NET PROJECTS, NS2 PROJECTS, MATLAB PROJECTS AND IPT TRAINING IN RAJAPALAYAM, VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICTS, AND TAMILNADU. Mail to: kitechsolutions.in@gmail.com

1. Ki-Tech Solutions offering IT courses(C, C++, Java, Asp.Net, C# and Android) for everyone -
from a beginner who wants to learn computer basics to a software engineer who wishes to take
a global certification exam.
Ki-Tech Solutions
IEEE PROJECTS DEVELOPMENTS
WE OFFER IEEE PROJECTS MCA FINAL YEAR STUDENT PROJECTS, ENGINEERING PROJECTS AND
TRAINING, PHP PROJECTS, JAVA AND J2EE PROJECTS, ASP.NET PROJECTS, NS2 PROJECTS, MATLAB
PROJECTS AND IPT TRAINING IN RAJAPALAYAM, VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICTS, AND TAMILNADU.
CELL: +91 888-379-0633 | +91 979-000-9190
Mail to: kitechsolutions.in@gmail.com
VANET MODELING AND CLUSTERING DESIGN UNDER PRACTICAL
TRAFFIC, CHANNEL AND MOBILITY CONDITIONS
ABSTRACT:
In Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), vehicles driving along highways can be
grouped into clusters to facilitate communication. The design of the clusters, e.g., size and
geographical span, has significant impacts on communication quality. Such design is affected by
the Media Access Control (MAC) operations at the Data Link layer, the wireless channel
conditions at the Physical layer, and the mobility of the vehicles. Previous works investigated
these effects separately. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis that integrates the
three important factors into one model.
In particular, we model an unsaturated VANET cluster with a Markov chain by
introducing an idle state. The wireless channel fading and vehicle mobility are integrated by
explicitly deriving the joint distribution of inter-vehicle distances. Closed-form expressions of
network performance measures, such as packet loss probability and system throughput, are
derived. Our model, validated by extensive simulations, is able to accurately characterize
VANET performance. Our analysis reveals intrinsic dependencies between cluster size, vehicle
speed, traffic demand, and window size, as well as their impacts on the overall throughput and
packet loss of the cluster. Performance evaluation results demonstrate the practical value of the
proposed model in providing guidelines for VANET design and management.

2. Ki-Tech Solutions offering IT courses(C, C++, Java, Asp.Net, C# and Android) for everyone -
from a beginner who wants to learn computer basics to a software engineer who wishes to take
a global certification exam.
Ki-Tech Solutions
IEEE PROJECTS DEVELOPMENTS
WE OFFER IEEE PROJECTS MCA FINAL YEAR STUDENT PROJECTS, ENGINEERING PROJECTS AND
TRAINING, PHP PROJECTS, JAVA AND J2EE PROJECTS, ASP.NET PROJECTS, NS2 PROJECTS, MATLAB
PROJECTS AND IPT TRAINING IN RAJAPALAYAM, VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICTS, AND TAMILNADU.
CELL: +91 888-379-0633 | +91 979-000-9190
Mail to: kitechsolutions.in@gmail.com
EXISTING SYSTEM:
In empirical path loss models were developed in four different vehicle-to-vehicle
environments, i.e., highway, rural, urban and suburban. In analysis of one-dimensional, an
analytical model was proposed to investigate the connectivity of VANETs in the presence of
Rayleigh, Rician and Weibull channels, from a queuing theoretic perspective. In one-hop
broadcasting, analytical models were developed for broadcast efficiency and reliability in
802.11p for Rayleigh fading channels. In evaluation information propagation, the connectivity of
information propagation was studied, focusing on packet loss rate, packet transmission distance
and effective coverage range of road-side stations.
DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM:
 Not always true in mobile vehicular environments
 Unable to provide complete evaluation

3. Ki-Tech Solutions offering IT courses(C, C++, Java, Asp.Net, C# and Android) for everyone -
from a beginner who wants to learn computer basics to a software engineer who wishes to take
a global certification exam.
Ki-Tech Solutions
IEEE PROJECTS DEVELOPMENTS
WE OFFER IEEE PROJECTS MCA FINAL YEAR STUDENT PROJECTS, ENGINEERING PROJECTS AND
TRAINING, PHP PROJECTS, JAVA AND J2EE PROJECTS, ASP.NET PROJECTS, NS2 PROJECTS, MATLAB
PROJECTS AND IPT TRAINING IN RAJAPALAYAM, VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICTS, AND TAMILNADU.
CELL: +91 888-379-0633 | +91 979-000-9190
Mail to: kitechsolutions.in@gmail.com
PROPOSED SYSTEM:
In this paper, we propose a comprehensive analytical model for VANET that incorporates
MAC protocol operations, PHY layer wireless channel conditions, and the moving pattern of the
vehicles. In doing so, the practical performance of a VANET cluster can be fully characterized.
Specifically, we characterize the broadcast protocol of the MAC layer with a Markov chain, and
design an idle state to capture unsaturated traffic conditions in practical VANETs. We also
capture the influence of PHY layer fading channels in the model by deriving the joint
distribution of the distance between every member vehicle and the CH. The mobility of the
vehicles, to be specific, the speed and inter-vehicle distances, is reflected in the joint distance
distribution. Calculating the important performance metrics of a VANET, such as packet loss
and throughput, requires integrating the derived joint distance distributions, which makes closed-
form expressions intractable.
ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM:
 It can provide complete evaluation
 Increasing the throughput
 Reduce the delay

4. Ki-Tech Solutions offering IT courses(C, C++, Java, Asp.Net, C# and Android) for everyone -
from a beginner who wants to learn computer basics to a software engineer who wishes to take
a global certification exam.
Ki-Tech Solutions
IEEE PROJECTS DEVELOPMENTS
WE OFFER IEEE PROJECTS MCA FINAL YEAR STUDENT PROJECTS, ENGINEERING PROJECTS AND
TRAINING, PHP PROJECTS, JAVA AND J2EE PROJECTS, ASP.NET PROJECTS, NS2 PROJECTS, MATLAB
PROJECTS AND IPT TRAINING IN RAJAPALAYAM, VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICTS, AND TAMILNADU.
CELL: +91 888-379-0633 | +91 979-000-9190
Mail to: kitechsolutions.in@gmail.com
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 System : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.
 Hard Disk : 40 GB.
 Floppy Drive : 1.44 Mb.
 Monitor : 15 VGA Colour.
 Mouse : Logitech.
 Ram : 512 Mb.
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 Operating system : Windows XP/7/LINUX.
 Implementation : NS2
 NS2 Version : NS2.2.28
 Front End : OTCL (Object Oriented Tool Command
Language)
 Tool : Cygwin (To simulate in Windows OS).