Safety awareness training program

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SAFETYSAFETY
AWARENESSAWARENESS
TRAININGTRAINING
PROGRAMPROGRAM

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Shipboard Familiarization
Safe Working Practice Onboard
General Safety

 To increase the level of awareness and
understanding of participants on general
safety issues and measures to prevent
injuries and potential accidents onboard the
vessel
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 To be aware of the importance of vessel safety
familiarization
 To understand certain policies on health and
safety and to identify various hazards affecting
it.
 To identify common injuries and accidents
onboard ship
 To enhance awareness on prevention of injuries
and accidents
 To identify the vessel risks factors
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All seafarers shall
receive familiarization
training or instruction
in accordance with
section A-VI/1 of the
STCW Code.

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Certain items like the:
1. Nearest call button
(Manual Call Point)
2. Nearest fire extinguisher
3. Emergency station
4. Muster point
Must be familiarized with as soon
as possible

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Ship’s Familiarization
...it is the responsibility of each crewmember
to become familiar with the geography of the
ship, and in particular, the location and types
of the various life-saving appliances and fire
fighting equipment and the safest emergency
escape routes and exits.
Although every effort is made by the
responsible Officers to ensure that
crewmembers are given maximum
opportunity to familiarize the ship...

 What is my task and do I understand what to do?
 Where do I have to appear?
 Who gives the orders and to whom shall I report?
 What are the different alarm signals?
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Crew Emergency Plan and the Crew Muster List
• Location of posters?
• Purpose?
• How the two plans are connected to each other?
• Assigning of crew numbers and duties.
• Changing of crew numbers.

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CREW RANK/NAME EMERGENCY STATION DUTIES
LB
No.
01 C/OFFICER MOBILE ON-SCENE COMMANDER 2
02 2/OFFICER BRIDGE DEPUTY COMMANDER 1
03 AB LIFEBOAT NO.1 LIFEBOAT NO.1 LEADER 1
04 MOTORMAN FIRE STATION NO.1 FIRE TEAM NO.1 LEAD 2
Your Crew Number, not your Rank or Title, determines your
Emergency Station and your Assigned Lifeboat or Liferaft

Safety Plan
Fire Control Plan
Damage Control Plan
Operating Instructions
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Drawn to ease the access to information needed in an emergency.
- shows the locations and the types of the various life-saving appliances onboard.
- outlines the recommended escape routes and the emergency exits.
- shows the locations, types and the technical arrangements of the various
fire-fighting equipment available onboard.
- shows the locations and the control stations of the various watertight doors.
- the boundaries and the openings of the watertight compartments.
- arrangements for the correction of any list due to flooding.
- posters and signs showing how to operate the various equipment and arrangements
such as lifeboats, liferafts, portable fire extinguishers, fire alarms, watertight doors,
emergency radio equipment, pyrotechnics, etc.

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The Shipboard Plans
SAFETY AND FIRE CONTROL PLANS
A F T FORWARD
CREWCREW
INTERNETINTERNET
AREAAREA
STORESTORE
LW P
PP
P
CREW GALLEYCREW GALLEY SCULLERYSCULLERY
CREW MESSCREW MESS
WASHWASH
MARINA DECKMARINA DECK

 FIRE DOORS - seal the zones. Prevent smoke
and/or fire from spreading into another sections or
compartments.
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• WATERTIGHT DOORS - divide and seal the spaces
in lower decks into watertight compartments, thereby
preventing water from flowing from one compartment
into another.
• Closing force is equal to 15 tonnes.

WTD
Remote panel
on the bridge
for automatic
closing.
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Watertight Doors
Watertight doors
can kill or
maim..
If it is moving,
DON’T PASS
through it.

 The condition of being safe from undergoing or causing hurt, injury
or loss. (Britannica 2002)
 It is freedom from danger or risk of injury. ( Collins Concise
Dictionary)
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• To prevent loss of life.
• To prevent the occurrence of accidents and incidents involving
injury to people or damage to ship, cargo, equipment and the
environment.
Health and Safety
What is the meaning of HEALTH ?
• The freedom from physical disease or pain. (Mirriam – Webster)

 Shipping companies should commit to the
protection from accidental loss to its personnel,
ships, cargo and other property and the
environment.
 In fulfilling this commitment, they have to provide
and maintain a safe and healthy working
environment, in compliance with regulatory
requirements and as indicated by industry
standards.
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Certain company policies and International
guidelines are implemented on board to ensure
health and safety at sea.
 Safety and Improvement Reporting System
 Garbage Management System
 Safe working practices
 Drug and Alcohol policies
 Personal Hygiene
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Health and Safety

Definitions
INCIDENT
ACCIDENT
NEAR-ACCIDENT / NEAR MISS
NON-CONFORMITY
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An event or chain of events which has caused or could have caused injury, illness and/or
damage ( loss ) to human, property and the environment or third parties.
An event or chain of events which has caused injury, illness and/or damage ( loss ) to
human, property and the environment or third parties.
An event or chain of events which under slightly different circumstances could have
resulted in an accident.
An observed situation where objective evidence indicates a non-fulfilment of a
specified requirement. ( Refer to ISM Code )

 Bottles, jars, light bulbs.
 Tin cans, etc.
 Used batteries.
 Plastics.
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Ship-generated garbage shall be segregated properly according to types
to facilitate proper disposal in compliance with MARPOL Regulations.
Incinerator
Pulper / grinder
Glass/bottle crusher
Tin compactor
Shore-side facility
Plastic compactor
• Cigarettes, cigars, pipes and other
smoking implements.
• Waste paper, cardboard boxes,
smaller burnable items, etc.
Garbage Handling Room
• Food wastes, vegetable, fruit, etc.

PLASTICS, including but
not limited to,
synthetic ropes
and fishing nets
and plastic bags.
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D O N ’ T T H R O W
GARBAGE OVERBOARD
- IT’S AGAINST THE THE LAW !
STOW IT - DON’T THROW
Ignore this notice and you risk fines and
imprisonment

Use of PPE
 safety shoes
 hand gloves
 safety
goggles
 boiler suits
 safety
harness
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HOT WORK
WORKING ALOFT
WORKING WITH
CHEMICALS

COMPANY
“It is a policy of most companies
to criminally prosecute anyone in
possession of illegal drugs or
paraphernalia on board vessel”
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0.04 % BAC and
above
Dismissal with possible legal action.

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3. When the effect of the intoxicants on a person’s
manner, disposition, speech, general appearance or
behaviour is apparent, the master shall arrange for an
alcohol test with a breath analyser if provided on
board. A person shall be considered impaired, when
having an alcohol content of 0.04% or greater. The
master will keep the records of all alcohol tests carried
out.

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5. In order to control the abuse of alcohol, the master will
• control the sales of alcoholic beverages to crew members;
• seal all alcoholic beverage stores before arriving at any port;
• prohibit serving alcoholic beverages to third parties boarding the
vessel to perform any type of work in any capacity (i.e. pilots, authorities,
surveyors, visitors, etc.)
• prohibit individuals to carry onboard any uncontrolled alcohol;
• stop the sale of alcoholic beverages onboard, if and when he considers
necessary;
•effect immediate dismissal to any crewmember that violates any of the
requirements of this policy

Part 5 – Guidance on prevention of drug & alcohol abuse
-Drug & alcohol abuse directly affect the fitness and ability of a
seafarer to perform watchkeeping duties. Seafarers found to be
under the influence of drugs or alcohol should not be permitted
to perform watchkeeping duties until they are no longer impaired
in their ability to perform those duties.
>Maximum of 0.08% blood alcohol level (BAC) during
watchkeeping duty is the minimum safety standard
>prohibiting the consumption of alcohol within 4 hours prior to
serving a member of a watch
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Development of an Accident
•Hazard/s
•A composition or component of danger.
•Examples:
•Oily rag
•Problematic crew
•Unearthed ullaging device
•Danger
•is a situation brought about the presence or combination of hazards.
•without hazard there is no danger.
•Examples:
•Oily rag left on deck.
•Problematic crew walking on deck with reduced concentration.
•Unearthed ullaging device lowered in cargo tank with highly
volatile / flammable cargo.

◦ Accident
 is an unwanted occurrence that is triggered by the presence
of danger..
 without danger there is no accident.
 Examples:
 The oily rag left on deck caught fire due to
spontaneous combustion.
 Problematic crew walking on deck with reduced
concentration, fell in a tank through deck opening.
 Unearthed ullaging device lowered in cargo tank with
highly volatile / flammable cargo. Discharge of static
electricity occurred causing an explosion.
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Development of an Accident

Types of Hazards
Physical
 Heat
 Noise
 Vibration
 Pressure changes
 Radiation
 Electric shock
 Electrostatic
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Chemical
•Toxic / Poisonous substances
•Reactive chemicals
•Oxygen depleting chemicals
Biological
Microbial sources
Ergonomic
•Safety engineering
•Repetitive stress
Mind and Attitude
•Neurosis
•Psychosis
•Personality Disorder
FIRE
COMMUNICATION GAP
MECHANICAL & STRUCTURAL DAMAGES
MALFUNCTION / BREAKDOWN
FIRE
LOSS OF LIFE
FIRE OR EXPLOSION
INJURY OR DEATH
ILLNESS OR DEATH
INJURY, DAMAGE TO PROPERTY &
POLLUTION TO ENVIRONMENT
AFFECT JOB PERFORMANCE
THAT WOULD LEAD TO ACCIDENT
What accidents can the following
hazards lead to?

Accident
Is an undesired event involving fatality, injury, ship loss or
damage,
other property loss or damage, or environmental damage
(e.g., fires,
collisions, etc.).
Injuries
Damage or harm done to or suffered by a person or any
living thing
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Three most frequently injured part of the body
 ARM, HAND, FINGER
 FOREIGN BODY IN THE EYE
 LEG, FOOT, TOE
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Exposure to harmful
substances
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 Foreign body in the eye
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 Hands and legs jammed in
uncoiled wires and ropes
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 At sea 16th March 2008
 On 10 March 2008 Catering Boy was cleaning floors in the
accommodation. For this purpose he mixed a cleaning agent
containing Natrium hypochlorite solution with hydrochloric
acid, causing chemical fumes to form.
 During the night from 10th to 11th March, the eyes of catering
boy started to itch and turned out to be red in the morning.
 Later on the 11th March he reported to the 2nd Officer, who
gave him Terramycin N eye ointment for treatment.
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 On 12th March catering boy reported the incident to the
master who ordered to flush his eyes with water, to apply wet
eye pads and continue the treatment with Terramycin N.
 Upon arrival in Dublin, being the next port, on 17th March
2008 he will see a doctor.
 On investigation by the Master what happened, he discovered
the erroneous mixing of the cleaning agents.
 The text on the plastic bottles holding the cleaning agents and
the hydrochloric acid turned out to be in Dutch only. (as both
products were of Dutch makers)
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 On the holder of the cleaning agent a clear warning was [placed
(in Dutch) never to mix it with any other cleaning liquid.
Needless to say that mixing it with hydrochloric acid was
extremely dangerous.
 On questioning the catering boy he turned out not to be aware
of that and he also was not aware of what hydrochloric acid
really is and of the dangers of it.
 The catering boy did not wear rubber of plastic chemical
resistant gloves and eye protection when he handled the
hydrochloric acid
Incident with cleaning agents

 Safety Data Sheet
 Banchem
 Ing. Pavel Banák – Banchem
 Safety Data Sheet
 AKTIVIT HP
 Date of issue: 7th of October 2003
 Date of revision:
 Identification of the Substance/Preparation and Company Name:
◦ Chemical Name of the Substance/ Business Name of the Preparation:
AKTIVIT HP
 CAS No.:
 EC No.:
◦ Use of the Substance/Preparation: CLEANING AGENT WITH DESINFECTING
EFFECT
◦ Identification of the Producer/Importer:
 Producer – importer: producer
 Name or Business Name: Ing. Pavol Banák – BANCHEM
 Place of Business or Seat: Dunajská Streda 929 01, Rybný trh 332/9
 Company Registration No.: 11700360
 Tel. No.: 00421-(0)31-552 51 10
 Fax: 00421-(0)31-552 46 01
 1.7. Telephone Information in cases of Emergency: Toxicological Information
Centre: 00421 2 547 741 66
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Composition/Information on Additives:
Chemical Characteristic of the Product:
The Product contains the following dangerous substances:
Identificat
ion No.
Chemical
Name of the
Substance
Concent
ration
(%)
Symbols of Danger
CAS:
EC
(EINECS):
Index No.:
7681-52-9
231-668-3
017-011-00-
1
Natrium
Hypochlorite
<4,0000 C
R-phrases:R 31,
R34
S-phrases:
CAS:
EC
(EINECS):
Index No.:
70592-80-2
274-687-2
Amines, C10-
16-
alcyldimethyl,
N-oxides
<2,5000 Xi,
R-phrases: R38,
R41,
S-phrases: S26,
S28, S37/39
CAS:
EC
(EINECS):
Index No.:
Mixture
-
Mixture of
tenzides
containing
aminooxid.
<2,0000 Xi,
R-phrases:R38, R41
S-phrases: S26,
S28,
S 37/39.
CAS:
EC
(EINECS):
Index No.:
1310-73-2
215-185-5
011-002-00-
6
Caustic soda <1,0000 C
R-phrases: R 35
S-phrases:S37/39,
S45,S1/2, S 26

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Identification of Possible Hazards
Classification of the Substance/Preparation:
Xi. R 38, R 41
Negative physically-chemical effects: irritating
The most serious unfavorable effects to
Human Health at use of the Preparation:
Irritating for eyes and skin. Danger of
serious damage to eyes.
The most serious unfavorable effects to the
Environment at use of the Preparation:
Oxidative effects. By contact with acids
toxic chlorine gases are released.
Material Data Sheet

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First Aid Measures:
General Instructions:
To proceed according to the following points.
In a case of Inhalation:
Move the affected person to fresh air. Seek medical advice in a case of
continuous difficulties.
In a case of Skin contact:
Take off the contaminated clothing and wash with plenty of water and soap.
In a case of continuous difficulties seek a medical advice.
In a case of Eye contact:
It is necessary to take out the eye lenses. Eyes should be rinsed
by clean water during approximately 10 minutes in way, so that water
could get under the both eye-lids and Seek medical advice
immediately.
In a case of ingestion:
Seek medical advice immediately.
Further data: General measures of the First Aid are to be applied
Material Data Sheet

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Fire Fighting Measures:
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Sprayed water
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: not applicable.
Special Risks of Exposition: Toxic gases can originate during fire
Special Protective Equipment for firemen and fire fighting units:
Protective clothing and breathing apparatus against the inorganic
gases.
Further data: not applicable.
Material Data Sheet

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Stability and Reactivity:
Conditions, under which the substance/preparation is stable: The preparation will be stable,
if subscribed conditions are kept.
Danger of polymerization:
Necessity to prevent polymerization:
Conditions to be avoided: temperature lower than + 5°C, higher than 30°C
Substances and materials, with which the Product can not be in any contact:
Aluminum, Acids.
Stability:
Necessity to prevent instability:
Dangerous products of decomposition: irritating toxic vapors of chlorine can originate during
fire.
Dangerous reactions: reactions with acids
Further data: not applicable.
Explosibility: Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizing reagent, during decomposition with
acids reacts explosively, heat and toxic chloride gases originate from this reaction.
Inflammability: not inflammable.
Oxidative properties: Sodium hypochlorite has strong oxidation abilities
Heat instability of organic peroxides:
Storing temperature:
Caustic effect: not caustic
Material Data Sheet

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Full wording of all and any phrases marked by
letter R:
R 31: Contact with acids liberates toxic gases.
R 34: Causes burns/ alkali burns
R 35: Causes strong burns/ alkali burns
R 38: Irritates skin
R 41: Risk of serious injury of eyes
Material Data Sheet

 Toxic and other hazardous substances and products
should be used and stored in such a way that users
and others are safeguarded against accidents, injuries
or particular discomfort.
 A record (product data sheet) should, when
obtainable, be kept on board, available to all users,
containing sufficient information to determine the
degree of the danger posed by the substances.
 If possible, the substance should be stored in the
original packaging or in another correspondingly
labeled packaging that cannot give rise to confusion.
Such substances must be stored in a locked, well-
ventilated room.
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Chemicals should always be handled with extreme care, protection
should be worn and the manufacturer's instructions closely followed.
Particular attention should be paid to protecting eyes. Some cleaning
agents, such as caustic soda and bleach, are chemicals and may burn
the skin.
A chemical from an unlabelled container should never be used.
Exposure to certain substances such as mineral oils, natural solvents
and chemicals, including domestic cleaning agents and detergents, may
cause dermatitis.
Suitable gloves should be worn when using such substances and the
owner should provide suitable barrier creams which may help to protect
the skin.
The IMO/WHO/ILO Medical First Aid Guide should be consulted for
accidents involving chemicals.
Use of chemicals

1
Fatal
Accident
100
Lost Time Injuries
(LTI)
1,000
Non - Lost Time Injuries
(Non-LTI)
10,000
Near Misses
100,000 UNSAFE PRACTICES
Unsafe Acts + Unsafe Conditions
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By aiming efforts at the
base of the triangle, i.e.
at unsafe practices, one
is working directly on
preventing accidents
ever happening.
INTRODUCTION

◦ Hazard/s, Danger and Accident are dependent of each
other.
◦ By eliminating the source, accident can be prevented.
◦ Hazard is the source, therefore if one eliminates hazard/s,
a SAFE CONDITION is achieved.
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In some instance, not all hazards can be
eliminated, but can be controlled.
For example:
In a tanker vessel loaded with cargo, the cargo
is a hazard itself, we apply measures to this
cargo by introducing inert gas in the tank to
prevent fire or explosion.
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What can be done to address these risks?
• develop a list of countermeasures that can be used to prevent
or reduce the consequences associated with the hazards
or potential accidents.
Effective countermeasures are those that break the causal chain prior
to the accident occurring.
CAUSE INCIDENT ACCIDENT CONSEQUENCE
Causal Chain
DEVELOPING COUNTERMEASURES

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Countermeasures and Causal Chain Example

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Preventing
Injuries
&
Accidents
Information / Training
Maintenance
Following-up Reports Protective Equipment

Types of Hazards
Physical
 Heat
 Noise
 Vibration
 Pressure changes
 Radiation
 Electric shock
 Electrostatic
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Control Measures ???
Chemical
•Toxic / Poisonous substances
•Reactive chemicals
•Oxygen depleting chemicals
Biological
Microbial sources
Ergonomic
•Safety engineering
•Repetitive stress
Mind and Attitude
•Neurosis
•Psychosis
•Personality Disorder

 The permit-to-work system is a method whereby
safety procedures are specified in writing on a
form issued to seafarers who are entrusted with
a task which may involve work of a hazardous
nature.
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 Hot Work Permit
 Cold Work Permit
 Working Aloft Permit
 Enclosed Space Entry Permit
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Hot work is any work involving welding or
burning, and other work including certain
drilling and grinding operations, electrical work
and the use of non-intrinsically safe electrical
equipment, which might produce an ignition
source.
A hot work permit is a document issued by a
responsible person permitting specific hot work
to be done during a specific time interval in a
defined area.

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Cold work is work which cannot create a source of ignition.
That means that cold work relates to any work in hazardous or
dangerous area which will not involve generation of
temperature condition likely to be of sufficient intensity to
cause ignition of combustible gases, vapors or liquid within of
adjacent to the area involved.
Examples:
• Blanking / de-blanking
• Disconnecting / connecting pipe
• Spray painting
• Brush / Roller painting or priming
• Other chemical applications

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Working aloft is defined as any work above normal reach and
where personnel are faced with risk or falling more than 2
meters. Typical areas are the superstructure, funnel, masts,
tanks. Engine room and the ship’s side using a stage, bosun’s
chair, Jacob’s ladder or lifting up personnel with the safety
harness in for example pump room or engine room emergency
escape.
Falling when performing work aloft can cause serious accidents. If
proper safety precautions are taken, such work can be performed
without accidents.

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An enclosed space is one with restricted access that is not
subject to continuous ventilation and in which the atmosphere
may be hazardous due to the presence of hydrocarbon gas,
toxic gases, inert gas or oxygen deficiency.
Entry Enclose Space permit is a document issued by a
responsible person permitting entry into a space or
compartment during a specific time interval.

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Enclosed Space Entry Permit

Risk
Combination of likelihood of an event to occur and the
consequence of the event.
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Different Types of Vessel Risk factors
 Structural Risk Factor
 Machinery Risk Factor
 Safety Equipment and Devices Risk Factor
 Nautical and Communication Risk Factor
 Environmental Protection Risk Factor
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1.Lack of Maintenance
2.Disregarding and failure to report Risk
Factors
3.Lack of awareness regarding risks
4.Mal-Operation
CAUSES

 Propulsion System
 Maneuvering System
 Electric Power Supply System
90

 If one or more of the machinery sub system
fails or be damage, the vessel will not be
able to move. This is considered vital system
in any ship with regards to safety.
91

 Main Engine
 Gear
 Shaft with coupling
 Propeller
92

 The system is equally important since a ship
without steering is in constant danger of
grounding or colliding ship on congested
water.
93

 Steering gear
 Thruster
 Rudder with shaft or
coupling
94

 Electrical Power is vital for most functions
onboard and a ship without power supply is a
dead ship in the same situation as a vessel
without steering
95

 Auxiliary engine
 Generator
 Switch Board
96

 Fire hazard often develops in a machinery
space because of small tolerances between
heat source and ignitable materials, poor
maintenance and bad housekeeping.
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100
Immediate actions to be taken
when FIRE is discovered
What
shall I
do?
@#~%

101
F
I
R
E
i n d
What should you do ?
n f o r m
• Call the Bridge by phone.
• Press the fire alarm button.
e s t r i c t
• Close the doors.
• Cut off electrical power.
• Remove sources of ignition.
x t i n g u i s h • Use portable fire extinguishers.
• Use the fire blanket.E s c a p e…
• Let the Fire Teams
do the job.

102
F
I
R
i n d
n f o r m
e s t r i c t
E s c a p e…
Escape to a safe distance,
in the vicinity of fire, to brief
whoever is in charge :
• the exact location of fire
• what is burning
• how long has it been
burning
• how did it start
• what actions, if any, are
being taken
• details of casualties, if any
• Let the Fire Teams
do the job.

103
What am I doing?
What could go
wrong?
How could it affect
me, or others?
How likely is it to
happen?
What can I do about
it? HOTWORK
An “initiative” before a task . . . . . .

104
Definition:
Risk Assessment
- is a process for identifying hazards and
assessing the risk (probability or consequence)
posed by each.

105
A.DEFINING THE PROBLEM
What areas will this risk assessment evaluate?
• define the scope of your assessment ( in the time you’ve set aside)
1. QUESTIONS TO ASK YOURSELF
• Do you have to look at every aspect of your operation?
• Do you want to know where to get started in putting your
greatest effort and resources in managing environmental
or safety issues?

106
B.IDENTIFYING HAZARDS AND
POTENTIAL ACCIDENTS
- get into more specific aspects of the assessment
• What can go wrong?
• Develop a list of hazards and related accidents that could occur
• Do not limit yourself to only those accidents that have historically occurred.

107
C.ASSIGNING FREQUENCY / LIKELIHOOD
How often will it happen?
• rate the likelihood of the hazard leading to an accident.
• Decide how frequently each of the hazards and undesirable events listed
in step C could become reality and cause harm.

Assign a rating of If the frequency is
1 REMOTE = Might occur once in a lifetime
2 OCCASIONAL = Might occur every five to ten years
3 LIKELY = Might occur every one to five years
4 PROBABLE = Might occur yearly
5 FREQUENT = Might occur more than once per year
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D.ASSIGNING CONSEQUENCES
What is the impact ?
• rate the impact of the hazard leading to an accident
• How much damage would it cause?

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E.DETERMINING RISK PRIORITY
Where should efforts be focused ?
• determine the risk priority score for each hazard
The risk priority score, located where the two ratings intersect will
fall into one of the following four general groups:
• (VH) = Very High
• (H) = High
• (M) = Moderate
• (L) = Low

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E.DETERMINING RISK PRIORITY
• (H) = High
• (M) = Moderate
• (L) = Low

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E.= DETERMINING RISK PRIORITY
• (H) = High
• (M) = Moderate
• (L) = Low

 Lifeboats
◦ Freefall
◦ Gravity
 Liferafts
 Firefighting Equipment
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Launching a Lifeboat by Gravity

 Swinging of the lifeboat on the ship side.
 Accidental release of hooks.
 Accidental breaking of the boat falls while being
lowered.
 Releasing of bowsing tackles.
 Releasing of tricing pendants
 Insufficiently trained crew.
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Non-conformance to the launching procedure.

118
What am I doing?
What could go
wrong?
How could it affect
me, or others?
How likely is it to
happen?
What can I do about
it?
An “initiative” before a task . . . . . .
LIFEBOAT PREPARATION

Risk involving navigational and communication
equipment
 Outdated navigational chart and publications
 Communication equipment failure
 Personnel
 Incompetence
 Insufficiency
 No Cohesion
121

Focusing on environmental issues is a
trend of today. Awareness of
environmental effects with regard to
various types of pollution is important if we
are to succeed in saving the globe.
125

 Mismanagement of ballasting operation
 Lack of awareness of the MARPOL regulations
 Inadequate implementation of policies
(e.g. Drug and Alcohol policy)
126

129
CAPTAIN
In Overall Command
(Chief Officer)
COMMAND
Spill Officer
Safety Officer
Oil
Containment
Deck Officer - 005
Oil Control
(ECR)
Chief Engineer
Communications
GMDSS
Qualified Officer
Deck Officer - 004
Oil
Collection
Deck Officer - 006

1. “Special Areas” are as defined in the regulations
For the purposes of Annex V, the “special areas” are the:
 Mediterranean Sea area
 The Baltic Sea area
 The Black Sea
 The Red Sea
 North Sea
 Antarctic Sea
 The Wider Caribbean Region
 “Gulf areas"
The "Gulf areas" means the sea area located north
west of the rhumb line between Ras al Hadd (22 deg 30
min N, 59 deg 48 min E) and Ras el Fasteh (25deg
04minN, 61 deg 25minE).
131

2. Comminuted or ground garbage must be able to
pass through a screen with mesh size no larger
than 25 mm.
132

133
Every ship of 400 tons gross
tonnage and above and every
ship which is certified to carry 15
persons or more, shall carry a
garbage management plan to be
followed by the crew. The Plan
shall provide written procedures
for collecting, storing, processing
and disposing of garbage,
including the use of equipment
on board. In addition the plan
shall designate the person in
charge of carrying out the plan.

1. Plastic
(Disposal PROHIBITED at sea).
134

1. Plastic
2. Floating dunnage, lining, or packing materials
(Disposal allowed at sea outside 25 nm).
135

1. Plastic
3. Ground paper products, rags, glass, metal,
bottles, crockery, etc
136

1. Plastic
4. Paper products, rags, glass, metal, bottles,
crockery, etc
137

1. Plastic
3. Ground paper products, rags, glass, metal, bottles,
crockery, etc
crockery, etc
5. Food waste
(Disposal allowed outside 3 nm if ground,
otherwise 12 nm).
138

1. Plastic
crockery, etc
5. Food waste
(Disposal allowed outside 3 nm if ground,
otherwise 12 nm).
6. Incinerator ash
(Follow the most stringent requirement based
on content).
139

1. Plastic
3. Ground paper products, rags, glass, metal, bottles, crockery, etc
4. Paper products, rags, glass, metal, bottles, crockery, etc
5. Food waste
(Disposal allowed outside 3 nm if ground, otherwise 12 nm).
6. Incinerator ash
(Follow the most stringent requirement based on content).
140

143
Neglecting only one of the
Risk Factors related to
either the vessel structure,
machinery, safety
equipment, navigation /
communication and finally
the environment may lead to
a disaster...

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