Man or Manufactured_ Redefining Humanity Through Biopunk Narratives.pptx
Chandigarh-settlements
1. “Let
this be a new town, symbolic of freedom of India unfettered by the
traditions of the past. An expression of the nations faith in the future”
- Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
2. • A need for the capital
• Rehabilitating refugees
• A rich cultural legacy like Lahore
• A vision of the future
• A centre for governance
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3. Site selection
• Mountainous region
• Central location
• Sufficient water supply
• Natural drainage
• Moderate climate
• Shivalik hills
• The site was the sub mountainous area of the Ambala district about 150 miles
north of New Delhi.
• The area was a flat, gentle sloping plain of agriculture land dotted with
grooves of mango trees , consisting of 59 villages
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4. The name
Chandigarh derives its name from the deity ‘ Chandi‘ ‐ the goddess of power.
‘ garh‘ ‐ the fort .
gave the city its name "Chandigarh ‐ The City Beautiful".
• The gently sloping plains on which
Chandigarh exist was in the past, when
the Himalayas were young, a wide lake
ringed by a marsh.
• The fossil remains found at the site
testify to a large variety of aquatic and
amphibian life.
• Some 8000 yrs ago Chandigarh was
home to the Harappans. Their stone
implements, ornaments, and copper
arrow heads unearthed during the
excavations in the 1950s and 1960s
testify this
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5. • Located near the foothills of the shivalik range of the Himalayas.
• Kandi (Bhabhar) region in the north-east.
• Sirowal (Tarai) region and alluvial plain in remaining part.
• The area is drained by 2 seasonal rivulets Sukhna Choe in east
and Patiala- ki-rao in west.
• Haryana in the east and Punjab in the north , west and south.
• The site covers 114 sqm area approximately
• The general ground level range between 1000 to 1200 feet
• 1 % grade giving a general adequate drainage.
• Extreme climates.
• Cold dry winter.
• Hot summer.
• Sub-tropical monsoon.
• 4 seasons – Summer Rainy Post monsoon Winter.
• Winds are generally dry.
• Direct road connections with Patiala, Rajpura, Ludhiana and
other towns.
• Rail connections with Delhi.
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6. ALBERT MAYER
•Fan shaped master plan.
•Spreads gently to fill the site
between the two river beds.
•A curving network of main
roads surrounds the
residential blocks
•It contains a central area of
parkland
•The overall pattern avoids a
geometric grid in favor of a
loosely curving system.
•The plan does not read as a
monumental capital
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9. Le Corbusier planning strategies
• Planned with focus on urban design , architectural aesthetics,
preservation of natural environment, conservation of buildings and open
spaces , hierarchical road network.
• Divided the human functions into work, living and leisure with strict zoning.
• City planning was against the traditional Indian cities.
• Replaced the native Indian town plan into superblocks .
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10. • Post war ‘Garden city’
• Le modular system
• Analogous to human body
Head
– capitol (place of power)
Heart
– the city centre
Stomach – the commercial area
Arms
Lungs
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– leisure valley ,open spaces
Arteries
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– university and Industrial
zone
– network of roads
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13. • The primary module of a city's
design is a sector, a neighborhood
unit of size 800meters x 1200 meters.
• Each sector is a self sufficient unit
having shops, school, health centers
and places of recreations and
worship.
• The population of a sector varies
between 3000 and 20000 depending
upon the sizes of plots and the
topography of the area
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14. Principles of urban planning
• Convenient walking distance for social
services like schools and shopping centers.
• Street system
• major roads should not pass through
residential neighborhood.
• Internal road pattern should encourage
quite , safe , low volume traffic movement.
•
• Facilities
• Orderly arrangement of facilities which
would be shared common by the residents
• A unit having shops, school, health centers
and places of recreations and worships.
• blocks are divided in sectors.
• Each sector is self sufficient unit having all
facilities .
• These sectors varies depending upon the
size and the topography of the area.
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15. Roads system
An integrated system of seven
road types.
Pathways for cyclists
Roads intersected at right angles
forming a grid.
Hierarchy of movement.
Residential areas segregated
from the traffic.
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16. An integrated system of seven road types
•
V-1-- Fast roads connecting Chandigarh to other towns
• V-2 -- arterial roads
•
V-3 -- Fast vehicular roads
•
V-4 -- Meandering shopping streets
•
V-5 -- Sector circulation roads
•
V-6 --Access roads to houses
•
V-7 -- footpaths and cycle
tracks
•
Buses will ply only on V-1, V-2, V-3 and V-4 roads.
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17. V1 – main road connecting other towns
Pedestrian path
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V4 - shopping street(were in the shop keepers
stay above the shops)
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18. Leisure valley
•
•
•
A green sprawling space extending
north-east to south-west along a
seasonal river let gradient and was
conceived by Le Corbusier as the
“lungs” of the city.
This valley houses the series of fitness
trails, amphitheatre and spaces for
open-air exhibition.
Rock garden designed by
NekChand in 1957 .
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19. Sectors:
• The basic planning of the
city is a sector
• to accommodate 3,000
to 25,000 persons.
• 30 sectors in Chandigarh
• 24 are residential.
• The sectors surrounded
by high speed roads
• bus stops every 400m.
• The main principle of the
sector is that never a
door will open on the
surrounding of fast
vehicular road.
• The size of the sector is
based on the concept of
no pedestrian need to
walk for more than
10min .
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20. Building typologies:
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• The basic typology
is extremely rectilinear
with similar proportions.
• Residential units are
arranged around
central common green
spaces with different
shapes.
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21. Series of development
Layer1 (sector layer)
• Divided in sectors
• Industrial
• Residential
• Public
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24. Layer 4(peripheral
layer)
• Land for
industries
• Distributive
trade
• Transport routes
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25. Layer5 (agricultural
layer)
• New development
nodes identified
• 8km Agricultural belt
was created (to
prevent unregulated
development
around the master
plan )
• The belt was built for
planned future
extension of the city.
1952
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26. Layer6 (state layer)
• Other city nodes
identified for
development .
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28. Positive highlights
Negative highlights
• First modern architecture of Indian city
planning.
• Each sector satisfies the necessities of
human needs.
• Separate roads for pedestrian, bicycle
and heavy vehicles.
• Visually powerful.
• Open spaces in front of shopping
centers.
• Buildings designed as triple storied shop
cum flats.
• Shops on ground floor.
• Residence on upper floor.
• Continuous verandah in front of the
shop.
• Shop protected from rain and sun.
• As a covered walkway for the
customers.
• City not planned according
to Indian tradition and
culture.
• Roads being similar to each
other creates confusion.
• Brutal concrete gives a
rough look.
• City not planned for lower
income people.
• Existence of slums around
the city.
• Large open spaces in front
of the city center makes
people lost in those places.
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