Win98 System File Details

1. Windows 98 System File Details
This appendix provides details about the system files supplied with
Microsoft Windows 98.
Distribution Disk Storage Overview
Windows 98 is stored on the distribution disks as cabinet (CAB) files. When
the Windows 98 disks are created, files are compressed into folders. The
Windows 98 files are read in and written out as a continuous byte-stream.
The entire stream is compressed and divided into folders as appropriate.
Folders can fill one or more cabinets. The following defines the terms used
to describe the distribution files.
Cabinet
A file that contains one or more files, usually compressed.
Folder
A decompression boundary.
Large folders enable higher compression, because the compressor can refer
back to more data in finding patterns. However, to retrieve a file at the
end of a folder, the entire folder must be decompressed. The Windows 98
distribution disks use distribution media format (DMF),which is a special
read-only format for 3.5-inch floppy disks that permits storage of 1.7 MB
of data.
Cabinet File Structure
The file structure introduced in Windows 95 has changed slightly in Windows
98.In Windows 95, most of the files were contained in a Win95#.cab
structure. The rest of the files were included in the Base#.cab,
Catalog.cab, Driver#.cab, Mini.cab, and Precopy#.cab cabinets. Windows 98
instead groups CAB files by function. The following table summarizes the
cabinet files and their contents.
Cabinet file Quantity Description
Base#.cab 2 Files necessary for the first boot
Catalog3.cab 1 Catalog files necessary for driver certification
Chl99.cab 1 Offline channel Web pages for the Channel bar
Driver#.cab 11
Windows 98 drivers.
These files are copied to your hard drive only if you need them on first
boot. This is the case when the device you are using for the installation
media is connected to a sound card.
Cabinet file Quantity Description
Edb.cab 1 Various utilities
Mini.cab 1 Mini Windows, which is used for
setting up from MS-DOS
Net#.cab 5
Network driver-related files.
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2. These CAB files are optional and are copied to the hard drive only if you
are installing over the network.
Cabinet file Quantity Description
Precopy#.cab 2 Setup and INF files
Win98#.cab 44 Windows 98 files
The # in the file names uses the following naming convention:
Base4.cab through Base5.cab
Driver11.cab through Driver21.cab
Net6.cab through Net10.cab
Precopy1.cab through Precopy2.cab
Win98_22.cab through Win98_69.cab
Organizing the CAB files in this manner allows for easier extraction and a
smoother setup. For example, if the computer does not have a network card,
the Net#.cab files are not moved to the user's computer during setup.
Viewing and Extracting Cabinet Files Using Explorer
In Windows 98, you can view and extract CAB files using Windows Explorer.
In Windows 95, you had to use the command-line Extract program to extract
CAB files.
To view the contents of a CAB file with Windows Explorer
Click the Start button, point to Programs, and then click Windows Explorer.
In the left pane, click the letter that represents the drive where the CAB
files are located.
Navigate to the folder containing the CAB file you want to view. On the
right pane, double-click the CAB file you want to view. The contents of the
CAB file appear in a separate window.
To extract CAB files with Windows Explorer
Follow the instructions for viewing the contents of a CAB file. In the
window displaying the contents of the CAB file, double-click the file you
want to extract.
The Browse for Folder dialog box appears. Click a folder in which to save
the file you are extracting, and then click OK. You can also extract files
by using System File Checker, as described in Chapter 27,"General
Troubleshooting". With System File Checker, you do not need to know which
CAB file contains the file you need.
Extracting CAB Files Using the Extract Program
The Extract program supports command-line extraction of files from the CAB
storage format on disk. Extract does not support any other compression
system (that is, it is not backward-compatible with any previous Microsoft
disk utilities).The Extract program (Extract.exe) can be found in the
WindowsCommand directory or on the Windows 98 installation media.
Important
In general, use the Extract program only if your product support
representative indicates that using the Extract program is necessary to
retrieve a compressed file from the Windows 98 cabinet files. Under normal
circumstances, you should use the Add/Remove Programs or Network icon in
Control Panel to install and uninstall components, applications, and
support software from the Windows 98 installation media.
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3. If system files are missing or damaged, run Windows 98 Setup from the
Windows 98 installation media, and choose the option to validate and
restore files.
Syntax
extract [/y] [/A] [/D | /E] [/L location] cabinet_file [file_specification
...]
- Or -
extract [/y] compressed_file [destination_file]
- Or -
extract [/y] /C compressed_file destination_file
Parameters
/A : Process all files in a cabinet set, starting with the cabinet_file.
Follow cabinet chain.
/C : Copy source file to destination (to copy from DMF disks).
/D : Display cabinet directory. Do not extract.
/E : Use instead of *.* to extract all files.
/L location : Use the directory specified by location, instead of the
current directory, as the default location to place extracted files.
/Y : Overwrite files in the destination without prompting. The default is
to prompt the user if the destination file already exists, and to allow one
of the following :
- Overwrite the file.
- Skip the file.
- Overwrite this file and all subsequent files that may already exist.
- Exit.
compressed_file
This is a CAB file that contains a single file (for example, File1.ex_,
which contains File1.exe). If destination_file is not specified, the file
is extracted and given its original name in the current directory.
destination_file
This can be either a relative path (.:,..,C:File1, and so on) or a fully
qualified path. It can specify either a file (or files, if wildcards are
included) or a directory. If a directory is specified, the file name stored
in the cabinet is used. Otherwise, destination_file is used as the complete
file name for the extracted file.
cabinet_file
This is a CAB file that contains two or more files. If no
file_specification parameter is specified, a list is displayed of the files
in the cabinet. If one or more file_specification parameters are specified,
then these are used to select the files to be extracted from the cabinet.
Wildcards are allowed to specify multiple cabinets.
file_specification
This specifies files to be extracted from the cabinets. This can contain
the ? and * wildcards. Multiple file_specification values can be supplied.
The following table provides some examples.
Command
extract filename.ex_ : Assuming filename.ex_ contains just the single file
Filename.exe, filename.exe is extracted and placed in the current
directory.
extract filename.ex_ file2.exe : Assuming filename.ex_ contains just the
single file filename.exe,filename.exe is extracted and placed in the
current directory in the file file2.exe.
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4. extract cabinet.1 : Assuming cabinet.1 contains multiple files, a list of
the files stored in that cabinet is displayed.
extract cabinet.1 *.exe : Extracts all EXE files from cabinet.1 and places
them in the current directory.
Setup Files Overview
The following table describes the key files used for Windows 98 Setup.
File name
Setup.exe : The real-mode Setup component that initializes Windows 98
Setup. If this file is started from MS-DOS, it calls the real-mode stub. If
started from within Windows, it is a 16-bit Windows stub.
Suwin.exe : The protected-mode Setup components responsible for calling all
other dynamic link libraries (DLLs) used in Setup.
Setupx.dll : The primary DLL used during the Copy Files phase to perform
most of the installation procedures. It is responsible for reading INF
files, handling disks, and copying files.
Netdi.dll : The module called early in the Setup process to install
networking services.
Scanreg.exe : The utility that scans an existing registry for errors.
Scandisk.exe : The utility that checks local hard disks for errors.
Also, the Wininstx.400 directory is created at the beginning of the Windows
98 Setup process. This directory contains a minimal set of files used
during setup and requires about 10 to 12 MB of free disk space. This
directory is removed upon the successful completion of Windows 98
installation.
Directory File Structure and File Locations
The following figure shows the typical default directory structure created
for Windows 98.The bold entries are new entries in Windows 98.
Location of Key System Files
The following table lists the directories where various types of Windows 98
system files and supporting files are stored.
File type
Directory1
Core Windows 98 files
%WinDir% : Shortcuts to applications
%WinDir%Start MenuPrograms : MS-DOS commands
%WinDir%Command : Printer drivers
%WinDir%System : Help files
%WinDir%Help : Font files
%WinDir%Fonts : Setup and device installation files
%WinDir%Inf : PIF files
%WinDir%Pif : Drivers
%WinDir%System : VxDs
%WinDir%System : I/O Subsystem
%WinDir%SystemIosubsys : Viewers
%WinDir%SystemViewers : VxDs added after installation
%WinDir%SystemVmm32 : Java files
%WinDir%JavaClasses : Internet Explorer browsing history
%WinDir%History : Shell extensions
%WinDir%SystemShellext : Active Desktop configuration files
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5. %WinDir%Web : Internet Explorer file cache
%WinDir%Temporary Internet Files : Internet Explorer subscription files
%WinDir%Subscriptions : Dr. Watson troubleshooting utility
%WinDir%Drwatson : 1 "%WinDir%" refers to the directory that is specified
during the installation process to contain the Windows 98 files.
The following list shows where key Windows 98 files are stored when Windows
98 is installed on the local hard disk of a computer.
Description File name Location
Real-mode operating system and Io.sys Root directory of
system detection Boot drive 1
Command-line processor Command.com Root directory of
boot drive
Real-mode stub to start Win.com Windows
Windows 98
Protected-mode Virtual Vmm32.vxd WindowsSystem
Machine
Manager (VMM)
Registry System.dat Windows 1
Registry backup files Rb001.cab WindowsSysbckup
Through
Rb005.cab
Registry when first created System.new Root directory of
by Setup boot drive 2
User registry User.dat Windows 1
User registry first created User.new Root directory of
by Setup boot drive 2
Log of the Setup process Setuplog.txt Root directory of
boot drive 1
Hardware detection log Detlog.txt Root directory of
boot drive 2
Log of Windows 98 startup process Bootlog.txt Root directory of
boot drive 2
Real-mode network configuration Protocol.ini Windows
Boot configuration file Msdos.sys Root directory of
boot drive 1
Registry created by Setup System.1st Root directory of
completion boot drive 1
System initialization file System.ini Windows
Customization settings file Win.ini Windows
Shell executable file Explorer.exe Windows
Compression support file Drvspace.bin Root directory of
boot drive 2
1 This is a hidden file.
2 This file is visible in the root directory only when the Windows 98
installation has failed. When setup completes, System.new is moved and
renamed System.dat. User.new is moved and renamed User.dat.
Location of System Files on Compressed Disks
If you install Windows 98 on a compressed drive, Windows 98 Setup places
the following files on the boot drive.
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6. Windows 98 Files on the Boot Drive
Autoexec.bat
Dblspace.bin1
Msdos.sys1
Autoexec.dos
Detlog.txt1
Netlog.txt
Bootlog.prv1
Drvspace.bin1
Setuplog.txt1
Bootlog.txt1
Drvspace.ini1
Suhdlog.dat1
Command.com
Io.dos1
System.1st1
Command.dos
Io.sys1
Wina20.386
Config.dos
Msdos.--- 1
Config.sys
Msdos.dos1
1 Indicates a hidden file
When Windows 98 is installed on an uncompressed drive other than the
startup drive, Setup adds the same files (with the exception of
Drvspace.ini) to the boot drive, as listed earlier in this section. The
only difference is that Win386.swp will be placed on the same drive as the
Windows directory. For example, if you have drives C and D, and if you
install Windows 98 on D:Windows,Win386.swp will be on the root of D.
Otherwise, it will be placed as described earlier for compressed drives.
The Windows 98 Startup Disk
The Windows 98 Startup Disk has changed significantly for Windows 98.The
following functionality has been added :
Multi-start menu for booting your computer with or without access to the
CD-ROM.
Real-mode IDE CD-ROM support
Real-mode SCSI CD-ROM support
Edb.cab file
RAMdrive
New extract command (Ext.exe)
The Edb.cab File
The Edb.cab file contains several utilities. It is a compressed file whose
contents are expanded during the startup process. The following table lists
the contents this file.
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7. File Function
Attrib.exe Add or remove file attributes
Chkdsk.exe Simpler and smaller disk status tool
Debug.exe Debug utility
Edit.com Real-mode emergency text editor
Ext.exe File extract utility
Format.com Disk format tool
Help.bat Launches the readme.txt for the startup disk.
Help.txt Text document with information for troubleshooting
Windows 98 when it fails to set up correctly,
third-party disk partitioning software,
and diagnostic tools.
Mscdex.exe Microsoft CD-ROM file extension for MS-DOS.
Restart.com Restart your computer
Scandisk.exe Disk status tool
Scandisk.ini Disk status tool configuration file
Sys.com System transfer tool
Uninstal.exe Tool for removing Windows 98 from your computer
and returning it to its previous state.
Contents of the Windows 98 Startup Disk
The following table lists the contents and describes the function of each
file in the Startup Disk.
Note
The files contained in the Startup Disk are copied to the WindowsCommand
directory only if the user chooses to create a Windows 98 startup disk
during Setup. This happens during the first phase of the Startup Disk
creation process. If you create a startup disk from Control Panel (From the
Startup Disk property page in Add/Remove Programs) and the startup disk
files are not in the WindowsCommand directory, you will prompted for the
Windows 98 compact disk. A startup disk will be created but its contents
will not be copied locally when you use this method.
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8. File Function
Aspi2dos.sys Real-mode Adaptec CD-ROM driver
Aspi4dos.sys Real-mode Adaptec CD-ROM driver
Aspi8dos.sys Real-mode Adaptec CD-ROM driver
Aspi8u2dos.sys Real-mode Adaptec CD-ROM driver
Aspicd.sys Real-mode Adaptec CD-ROM driver
Autoexec.bat A batch file with a set of instructions that
configure your computer when you boot it
Btcdrom.sys.
Btdosm.sys Mylex/BusLogic CD-ROM driver.
Command.com Command interpreter.
Config.sys Loads the device drivers
Drvspace.bin Microsoft DriveSpace compression driver
Edb.cab Cabinet file containing extract utilities
Ebd.sys A file that identifies the disk as a Windows
98 startup disk.
Extract File to expand the Ebd.cab file
Fdisk.exe Disk partition tool
Findramd.exe Utility to find the RAM drive during startup
Flashpt.sys Mylex/BusLogic CD-ROM driver
Himem.sys XMS Memory Manager
Io.sys System boot file
Msdos.sys Boot option information (paths, multiboot, and so on)
Mode.com Lets you change display parameters such as number columns
Oakcdrom.sys Generic device driver for ATAPI CD-ROM drives.
Ramdrive.sys Creates a Ramdrive during startup
Readme.txt Readme text document with information about the
Windows 98 Startup Disk.
Setramd.bat Searches for first available drive to be a Ramdrive
Sys.com System transfer tool.
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