1. Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

2. CHAPTER 6: COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
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3. CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES
In this chapter, you will learn to:
 compare or contrast two entities,
 demonstrate knowledge of the subject-by-
subject and point-by-point patterns of
exposition, and
 write a process paragraph that incorporates
appropriate transitions for a specific pattern.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

4. WHAT IS COMPARISON? WHAT IS CONTRAST?
 To compare means to point out similarities.
 To contrast means to point out differences.
 When you compare or contrast, you need to
come to some conclusion.
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5. WHAT IS COMPARISON? WHAT IS CONTRAST?
 Hints for writing a comparison or contrast paragraph
1. Limit your topic.
2. Avoid the obvious topic.
3. Make your point in the topic sentence of your
comparison or contrast paragraph.
4. Do not announce in the topic sentence.
5. Make sure your topic sentence has a focus.
6. In the topic sentence, cover both subjects to be
compared or contrasted.
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6. WHAT IS COMPARISON? WHAT IS CONTRAST?
 Organizing Your Comparison or Contrast Paragraph
 Subject-by-Subject Organization
 Support and explain your topic sentence by first
writing all your details on one subject and then
writing all your details on the other subject.
 Be sure to discuss the points for your second subject
in the same order as you did for the first subject.
 Point-by-Point Organization
 Support and explain your topic sentence by
discussing each point of comparison or
contrast, switching back and forth between your
subjects.
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7. WHAT IS COMPARISON? WHAT IS CONTRAST?
 Using Transitions Effectively
 How and when you use transitions in a comparison
or contrast paragraph depend on the answers to
two questions:
1. Are you writing a comparison or contrast
paragraph?
2. Are you organizing your paragraph in the point-
by-point or subject-by-subject pattern?
 INFO BOX: Transitions for a Comparison or
Contrast Paragraph
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8. WRITING THE COMPARISON OR
CONTRAST PARAGRAPH IN STEPS
 PrewritingComparison or Contrast—how to generate and
develop ideas for your comparison or contrast
paragraph
 Planning Comparison or Contrast—how to organize your
ideas for your comparison or contrast paragraph
 Drafting and Revising Comparison or Contrast—how to
create, revise, and edit rough drafts of your comparison
or contrast paragraph
 Proofreading Comparison or Contrast—how to proofread
and make one final check of your comparison or
contrast paragraph
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9. PREWRITING A COMPARISON OR CONTRAST
 List Differences or Similarities
 See whether there are more similarities or
differences.
 Decide which approach to use.
 Getting Points of Comparison or Contrast
 Whether you compare or contrast, you are looking
for points of comparison or contrast, items you can
discuss about both subjects.
 Adding Details to Your Points
 Once you have points, add details to them.
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10. PLANNING COMPARISON OR CONTRAST
 With a topic sentence, begin to draft an outline.
 Decide the pattern you want to use.
 Checklist for an Outline of a Comparison or Contrast
Paragraph
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11. DRAFTING AND REVISING COMPARISON OR CONTRAST
 Drafting a Paragraph
 Add details and transitions
 The Draft
 Checklist for Revising the Draft of a Comparison or
Contrast Paragraph
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12. PROOFREADINGCOMPARISON OR CONTRAST
 Contrast Paragraph: Point-by-Point Pattern
 Check for errors in spelling, grammar, or
preparation.
 The Same Contrast Paragraph: Subject-by-Subject
Pattern
 Check for errors in spelling, punctuation, typing,
and copying.
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13. PROOFREADINGCOMPARISON OR CONTRAST
 Lines of Detail: A Walk-Through Assignment
 Topics for Writing a Comparison or a Contrast
Paragraph
 Topics for Critical Thinking and Writing
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14. WHAT IS COMPARISON?
A. Explains how to do something.
B. Points out differences.
C. Shows a reader what a person, place, thing, or situation is
like.
D. Points out similarities.
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15. WHAT IS COMPARISON?
A. Explains how to do something.
B. Points out differences.
C. Shows a reader what a person, place, thing, or situation is
like.
D. Points out similarities.
compare or contrast two entities
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

16. WHAT IS CONTRAST?
A. Explains how to do something.
B. Points out differences.
C. Shows a reader what a person, place, thing, or
situation is like.
D. Points out similarities.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

17. WHAT IS CONTRAST?
A. Explains how to do something.
B. Points out differences.
C. Shows a reader what a person, place, thing, or
situation is like.
D. Points out similarities.
compare or contrast two entities
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18. SUBJECT-BY-SUBJECT ORGANIZATION INVOLVES
A. Writing all of the details on one subject and then
writing all of the details on the other subject.
B. Discussing each point of comparison or
contrast, switching back and forth between
subjects.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

19. SUBJECT-BY-SUBJECT ORGANIZATION INVOLVES
A. Writing all of the details on one subject and then
writing all of the details on the other subject.
B. Discussing each point of comparison or
contrast, switching back and forth between
subjects.
demonstrate knowledge of the subject-by-subject
and point-by-point patterns of exposition
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

20. POINT-BY-POINT ORGANIZATION INVOLVES
A. Writing all of the details on one subject and then
writing all of the details on the other subject.
B. Discussing each point of comparison or contrast,
switching back and forth between subjects.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

21. POINT-BY-POINT ORGANIZATION INVOLVES
A. Writing all of the details on one subject and then
writing all of the details on the other subject.
B. Discussing each point of comparison or contrast,
switching back and forth between subjects.
demonstrate knowledge of the subject-by-subject and
point-by-point patterns of exposition
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22. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A COMMON TRANSITION
FOR A COMPARISON PARAGRAPH?
A. except
B. although
C. furthermore
D. whereas
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23. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A COMMON TRANSITION
FOR A COMPARISON PARAGRAPH
A. except
B. although
C. furthermore
D. whereas
write a process paragraph that incorporates
appropriate transitions for a specific pattern.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

24. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A COMMON
TRANSITION FOR A CONTRAST PARAGRAPH?
A. despite
B. likewise
C. otherwise
D. nevertheless
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.

25. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A COMMON
TRANSITION FOR A CONTRAST PARAGRAPH?
A. despite
B. likewise
C. otherwise
D. nevertheless
write a process paragraph that incorporates
appropriate transitions for a specific pattern.
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.