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Small-Scale Farming in Africa
- 2. -Developing nations -Lack of food security
- 3. Farming Practices Farming Styles Organic Individual Farmers Cooperatives Conventional
- 4. Organizations viewpoints ◦Do not favor one or the other
- 5. •Stakeholder Viewpoint on Organic vs. Conventional “Our primary focus is to produce corn at the lowest possible price to increase the profitability of these farmers.” -Jefferson
- 6. PROS President of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa, Dr. Namanga Ngongi ◦ Increase soil quality by using fertilizer
- 7. CONSto Organic vs. Conventional High cost of fertilizer Weak infrastructure in most African countries
- 8. MEAS Project focuses on individual farmers PROCOM Rwanda strives to form cooperatives
- 9. •Disadvantage to a Cooperative “One of the hardest things is getting the farmers to trust each other enough in order to form effective cooperatives.” -Jefferson
- 10. Tillage Equipment Planting
- 11. Communication is an important component
- 12. Shed for storing seed and other necessities Planted field
Notas del editor
- Attention Getter:--Africa – everyone knows where Africa is located, and some may even know where certain countries in Africa are.--Can any of you say you have honestly ever thought about the agriculture in Africa, though?--Not shocking that most people never have.Intro:--Small-scale farming extremely important to the livelihoods of African citizens.--Expected to provide food for their own families.--Start by providing a short background on small-scale farming in Africa; then present some of the issues at hand.
- Africa is considered a developing nation (also referred to as a third world country).--Characteristics include poverty and low employment rates.Farming is mainly small-scale.--Commercial farms are not usually seen throughout the countries.Small-scale farming does not lead to food security, though.--Stakeholder Justin Jefferson said this is “due to unreliable weather and farmers lack of knowledge about effective farming practices.”--Also, as presented in an article from Duggar in 2006, farmers are continuously growing crops on the same land. -Leads to depletion of nutrients and the soil cannot regain these nutrients.All pictures in this presentation are courtesy of Justin Jefferson. (All pictures taken in Rwanda.)
- Two different issues present with this topic.First is the farming practices.Organic versus conventional farming practices.--This issue was focused on during issue brief research and writing.Second issue is in relation to farming styles used.Individual (small-scale farming) versus cooperative farms.--This issue was presented during stakeholder interviews.
- When it comes to organizations, they do not favor conventional or organic.--Organizations include the MEAS project funded by the USAID and non-governmental organizations like PROCOM Rwanda.Focus on what is best for the farmers.
- Straightforward quote from Jefferson about what they do for farmers through PROCOM Rwanda.
- President of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa wants to increase the use of fertilizer to increase the quality of soil by the year 2020.--Use more conventional methods overall to help build small-scale farming.
- Duggar points out that fertilizer is much too expensive, though.Both Duggar and Andrea Bohn (expert stakeholder) present the fact that most African countries have a weak infrastructure.--This means that there are no major roads or rivers to transport items around the countries.
- Now is the issue of small-scale (individual farmers) versus cooperative farms.--The MEAS project focuses on individual farmers. -Each family provides for themselves.--PROCOM Rwanda focuses on cooperatives. -Advantages: Cooperatives allow citizens to put money together to buy a tractor. Also,, have more hectares to grow crops on. -Disadvantages: Farmers don’t understand modern practices and boundary lines.
- Quote from organization stakeholder, Jefferson, that states how difficult it is to get African farmers to trust each other.--Farmers think that removing a boundary lines means they lose ground.--Have to explain that they still own same amount of land; just easier to farm without so many boundary lines.
- Examples of tillage and planting equipment used by PROCOM Rwanda.--Can see how different it is from farming equipment in the United States.
- Communication is necessary between different organizations.--Must decide if individual farmers or cooperatives are more effective.When the two projects have more accomplishments, they also must decide if organic or conventional practices are better.--This may take a long time to determine.
- Two more pictures from PROCOM Rwanda.--Can see difference in the shed they use to sheds in the United States.