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Elements of a
Principia Posthuman

Human Body 2.0 Redesign,
  Democracy, and Next-
 generation Intelligence
                                          Image credit: Natasha Vita-More, Primo Posthuman




                                                     Melanie Swan
                                                 MS Futures Group
                                                  +1-650-681-9482
                                         @LaBlogga, @DIYgenomics
March 31, 2012, Sunnyvale CA
                                                     www.MelanieSwan.com
Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga                m@melanieswan.com
About Melanie Swan
     Founder DIYgenomics, futurist and applied
      genomics expert
     Current projects: MelanieSwan.com
     Education: MBA Finance, Wharton; BA
      French/Economics, Georgetown Univ
     Work experience: Fidelity, JP Morgan, iPass,
      RHK/Ovum, Arthur Andersen
     Sample publications:
          Swan, M. Crowdsourced Health Research Studies: An Important Emerging Complement to Clinical
           Trials in the Public Health Research Ecosystem. J Med Internet Res 2012, Mar;14(2):e46.
          Swan, M. Scaling crowdsourced health studies: the emergence of a new form of contract research
           organization. Personalized Medicine 2012, Mar;9(2):223-234.
          Swan, M. Steady advance of stem cell therapies. Rejuvenation Res 2011, Dec;14(6):699-704.
          Swan, M., Hathaway, K., Hogg, C., McCauley, R., Vollrath, A. Citizen science genomics as a model for
           crowdsourced preventive medicine research. J Participat Med 2010, Dec 23; 2:e20.
          Swan, M. Multigenic Condition Risk Assessment in Direct-to-Consumer Genomic Services. Genet Med
           2010, May;12(5):279-88.
          Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks,
           consumer personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2009, 2,
           492-525.

March 31, 2012         Source: http://melanieswan.com/publications.htm
                                                                                                              2
Principia Posthuman
CONTACT presentations
     Data Visualization in Second Life
      (2008)

     Future of Life Sciences: the Great
      Convergence of Life and
      Technology (2009)

     Revolutionizing Biology with
      Personal Genomes (2010)

     Principia Posthuman (2012)


  Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga   Image credit: Natasha Vita-More, Primo Posthuman


March 31, 2012
                                                                                              3
Principia Posthuman
The future is notoriously hard to predict

                        Positional nanoassembly




                        Young lady’s illustrated primer




March 31, 2012
                                                          4
Principia Posthuman
Simple models for thinking about the future




                      Past                            Present   Future




March 31, 2012        Image: http://www.sydmead.com
                                                                         5
Principia Posthuman
The role of time in thinking:
 GPS for the Mind exercise                                                                                                           Image: http://www.mindtime.com




     Plot time orientation: certainty, possibility, probability
      www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact



                                                                 probability




                                                       certainty            possibility




March 31, 2012        Source: Fortunato, VJ and Furey, JT. The theory of MindTime: The relationships between Future, Past, and Present thinking and
                      psychological well-being and distress. Personality and Individual Differences. January 2011, 50(1), pp. 20-4. http://www.miindtime.com     6
Principia Posthuman
GPS for the Mind exercise
                                                            Image: Salvador Dali



       CONTACT GPS for the Mind exercise (4 minutes)

       Sign up for a free account at www.mindtimemaps.com
        (use an anonymous name if you prefer)
       Complete the GPS for the Mind exercise at the
        community site: www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact
       Results: return to the community site
        www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact and click on the
        Groups icon, then CONTACT to see the results




March 31, 2012        Source: http://www.mindtimemaps.com
Principia Posthuman                                                                7
Agenda
     Context for Principia Posthuman
     Elements of a Principia Posthuman
         Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign
         Qualitative: social constructs, democracy
         Concepts: philosophy, next-generation
          intelligence
     Conclusion




March 31, 2012
Principia Posthuman
Aspen rhizome


   Elements of a Principia Posthuman

                                                                  Image: http://integral-options.blogspot.com




                                 Philosophy                     Next-generation
 Concepts               Concerned with: Understanding             intelligence
                        Art, aesthetics, economics, politics,
Qualitative                       societal design                 Democracy
                          Concerned with: Experience


                            Science and technology                Human Body
Quantitative            Concerned with: Characterization          2.0 Redesign


  March 31, 2012
                                                                                                   9
  Principia Posthuman
Agenda
     Context for Principia Posthuman
     Elements of a Principia Posthuman
         Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign
         Qualitative: social constructs, democracy
         Concepts: philosophy, next-generation
          intelligence
     Conclusion




March 31, 2012
Principia Posthuman
Miniaturization trend, next node: microdots
                  10-100 years ago    2000s      2050s        2100+
                     Room(s) size    Handheld   Invisible   Non matter-
                                                              based?
Computing
machinery




Information
  storage



   DNA
sequencing


   March 31, 2012
                                                                    11
   Principia Posthuman
(Kuhnian paradigms,
  Information transmission eras                        Foucauldian epistemes)

     Analog                Digital         Life code                ?
17,300 years ago       1455 & 1950-2000    2000-2100             2100+
Painting, scrolls      Press, Transistor     DNA                    ?




 March 31, 2012
                                                                         12
 Principia Posthuman
Prominent artificial intelligence eras
Enumeration             Biomimicry      Big data         ?
       1950s              1990s+          2000s+        2100+
Expert syst, CYC       NLP, HTM, NCC   Google, Watson     ?




 March 31, 2012
                                                                13
 Principia Posthuman
Big data: personal health informatics

                                                 DNA:
                                              SNP mutations                                                     RNA expression
                                                                                                                   profiling


                                                                            Health 2.0:                                                     Proteomics
               DNA: Structural                                           Personal health
                 variation                                                 informatics



                                           Epigenetics                                                             Microbiomics


                                                                               Metabolomics


March 31, 2012      Academic papers re: integrated health data streams: Auffray C, et al. Looking back at genomic medicine in 2011. Genome Med. 2012 Jan 30;4(1):9.
                          Chen R et al. Personal omics profiling reveals dynamic molecular and medical phenotypes. Cell. 2012 Mar 16;148(6):1293-307.               14
Principia Posthuman
Biology is an information technology
                                        DNA sequencing:
                                       10x/yr improvement

          I love you
010010010010000001101100011
011110111011001100101001000
 00011110010110111101110101

          I hate you
010010010010000001101000011
000010111010001100101001000
 00011110010110111101110101
                              Image credit: http://pubs.acs.org/cen/_img/87/i50/8750cover2_law.gif




March 31, 2012
                                                                                                     15
Principia Posthuman
Biology is the information technology




                             Organ regeneration (urethra)                     Algal biofuel
                                   Image credit: Anthony Atala lab    Image credit: http://www.rexresearch.com




Artificial cell booted to life Whole organ decellularization and DNA nanotechnology latch
    Image credit: J. Craig Venter Institute
                                            recellularization (heart) box for drug delivery
                                    Image credit: Thomas Matthiesen      Image credit: Aarhus University


March 31, 2012
                                                                                                                 16
Principia Posthuman
Agenda
     Context for Principia Posthuman
     Elements of a Principia Posthuman
         Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign
         Qualitative: social constructs, democracy
         Concepts: philosophy, next-generation
          intelligence
     Conclusion




March 31, 2012
                                                           17
Principia Posthuman
Agency: collective intelligence computing

                               Crowdsourcing
                                                     Concierge research

       Consumer genomics                                      Citizen science
                                     Health 2.0:
 Consumer blood tests              Crowdsourced
                                  health computing
                                                             DIYbio labs

               Continuous                        Ambient mental
                sampling                          performance
                            Quantified self-
                                                  optimization
                              tracking



March 31, 2012
                                                                           18
Principia Posthuman
Mobile is the platform
     Explosive growth                                                                                                                       Image credit: http://www.psfk.com

         US: more cell phones (328 m) than people (315 m)                                                                            1

         One billion+ worldwide smartphone users by 20132
         App downloads: 5 bn in 2010 versus 300 mn in 20094

     Health-related apps: 7,0004
         81% physicians using smartphones 20123
         Studies: thousands recruited in months2

     Intimate continuous interaction platform                                                                                            Image credit: tehgaygeek.blogspot.com

         Phone loss noticed within 5 minutes vs. 1 hour for wallet loss
         Kids chat with Siri as virtual friend




                      1
                        Kang C. Number of cell phones exceeds US population. Washington Post. October 11, 2011.
March 31, 2012        2
                        Dufau S. Smart phone, smart science: how the use of smartphones can revolutionize research in cognitive science. PLoS One. 2011.
                      3Kiser K. 25 ways to use your smartphone. Physicians share their favorite uses and apps. Minn Med. 2011.                                       19
Principia Posthuman
                      4
                        Boulos MN. How smartphones are changing the face of mobile and participatory healthcare. Biomed Eng Online. 2011.
Participatory health activity landscape
        (Light)                                    Level of Engagement                    (Intense)
        Social             Mobile                      PHRs      Consumer
        media            health apps                 (personal   genomics   Citizen               Quantified
                                                                            science              self-tracking
                                                       health
                                                      records)
                                                                                         DIYbio
                                                                                      (do-it-yourself
                                                                                         biology)




March 31, 2012        Image credit: Getty Images
                                                                                                                 20
Principia Posthuman
Concepts in participatory health



                                Citizen science                      Quantified self-
                                                                        tracking

                                                           DIYbio
                                                        (do-it-yourself
    http://ezramagazine.cornell.edu
                                                           biology)
                                                                                   http://thecoolgadgets.com




                                      http://www.iab.keio.ac.jp
March 31, 2012
                                                                                                               21
Principia Posthuman
Citizen science definition
     Performing scientific investigation
      without professional training in the field                             Image credit: http://www.southernfriedscience.com




                Institutional science
                       research
                                                                   Citizen science health
                                                                        and biology


                          Citizen
                      science: 200+
                      organizations1

March 31, 2012          1
                            http://scienceforcitizens.net/finder
                                                                                                                   22
Principia Posthuman
Citizen science health – why now?
     Tools
         Plummeting cost of genome sequencing
         Availability of consumer blood tests
         Online bioinformatics tools

     Education and support
            Local DIYbio labs, online forums




                 Image credit: http://diybionyc.blogspot.com   Image credits: http://www.biocurious.org


March 31, 2012
                                                                                                          23
Principia Posthuman
    Goal: personalized knowledge through
      quantified self-tracking
     Format: monthly ‘show n tell’ meetups
     Outcome: optimality and improvement
            Example: personalized interventions for
             depression, low energy, sleep quality




                 Image credit: http://www.nationalpost.com                   Image credit: Quantified Self



March 31, 2012              Source: Swan, M. Overview of Crowdsourced Health Research Studies. 2012. Forthcoming.
                                                                                                                    24
Principia Posthuman
Quantified self study examples
       Food consumption (1 yr)1 and the Butter Mind study2
       Study




       Low-cost home-administered blood, urine, saliva tests




  Cholestech LDX                           OrSense continuous non-invasive                                    ZRT Labs dried
home cholesterol test                            glucose monitoring                                           blood spot tests
  March 31, 2012        1
                            Source: http://flowingdata.com/2011/06/29/a-year-of-food-consumption-visualized
                        2
                            Source: http://quantifiedself.com/2011/01/results-of-the-buttermind-experiment                       25
  Principia Posthuman
Health social networks and collaboration




                                      Health social                                                                          Health
                                       networks                                                                          collaboration
                                         (global & local)                                                                communities




                      Source: Extended from Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer
March 31, 2012        personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 2, 492-525.                       26
Principia Posthuman
Agenda
     Context for Principia Posthuman
     Elements of a Principia Posthuman
         Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign
         Qualitative: social constructs, democracy
         Concepts: philosophy, next-generation
          intelligence
     Conclusion




March 31, 2012
Principia Posthuman
Professionalizing participative health:
 Philosophical validation
     Towards an epistemology of citizen science
            Provide a structure and context for participant-derived health
             knowledge


     Q1: Are new kinds of knowledge are being formed
      through group collaborations such as wikipedia and
      health social networks?
     Q2: How to characterize the knowledge generated by
      traditional medicine, self-experimentation, and health
      collaboration communities?


                                                         Image credit: http://inkingrey.com
March 31, 2012
                                                                                              28
Principia Posthuman
Ontological shift


                                         Image credit: http://efx3.com



                        Old thinking:
       My health is the responsibility of my physician

                   New thinking:
            My health is my responsibility
   … and I have the tools to make managing it easy


March 31, 2012
                                                                         29
Principia Posthuman
Genome politics and regulation
     Our world is not Gattaca
       Personal genomics has
        destigmatized health issues

     Issues: human cloning, sex selection,
      genetic privacy, non-discrimination
        UN Convention on Human Rights and
         Biomedicine 1997 (Ch IV Human Genome)        Image credit: http://www.sonypictures.com


        U.S. Genetic Information Nondiscrimination
         Act (GINA) 2008


     Biocitizenry, health as a human right             Image credit: http://sciencephoto.com


March 31, 2012                                                                              30
Principia Posthuman
Role of participative health: future medicine
                                            1. Continuous health information climate
                                     Automated digital health monitoring, self-tracking devices,
                                     and mobile apps providing personalized recommendations



                                                                                 2. Peer collaboration and
                                                                                      health advisors
                                                                          Health social networks, crowdsourced
                                                                           studies, health advisors, wellness
                                                                            coaches, preventive care plans,
                      Individual                                         boutique physicians, genetics coaches,
                                                                             aestheticians, medical tourism



                                                                                3. Public health system
                                                                   Deep expertise of traditional health system
                                                                      for disease and trauma treatment

March 31, 2012         Source: Extended from Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer
                       personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 2, 492-525.                       31
Principia Posthuman
Health self-management
                                   A new model of health and health care




March 31, 2012        Source: Extended from Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer
                      personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 2, 492-525, Figure 1.             32
Principia Posthuman
Biotechnicity and computational philosophy

                                                                                   Metaphysical shift: new ways of being
                                             Concepts                              •Meaning of health and health outcomes
                                                                                   •Sense of self and group identity, biocitizenry
Image credit: http://stemcellresources.org


                                                  Epistemic advance: new knowledge generation
                                                  •Content: New data streams, larger data sets, more granular data, higher
         Qualitative                              order magnitude science
                                                  •Process: New algorithms and new models


       Computational tools of health-related philosophical discovery
       •Hardware and software devices and algorithms: quantitative health data streams, health-
       related smartphone applications, personal electronic health records, quantified self-
       tracking devices
       •Crowdsourced human computing networks: crowdsourced disease prediction, health
       social networks, quantified self n=1 health self-experimentation, crowdsourced health
       research studies, DIYbio labs

Quantitative
     March 31, 2012                  Source: Swan, M. Biotechnicity 2.0: Computation-enabled Philosophical Advance in the Epistemology of Human Biology and the
                                     Ontology of Bioidentity. 2012. Submitted.                                                                                    33
     Principia Posthuman
Agenda
     Context for Principia Posthuman
     Elements of a Principia Posthuman
         Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign
         Qualitative: social constructs, democracy
         Concepts: philosophy, next-generation
          intelligence
     Conclusion




March 31, 2012
                                                           34
Principia Posthuman
GPS for the Mind exercise
                                                            Image: Salvador Dali



       CONTACT GPS for the Mind exercise (4 minutes)

       Sign up for a free account at www.mindtimemaps.com
        (use an anonymous name if you prefer)
       Complete the GPS for the Mind exercise at the
        community site: www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact
       Results: return to the community site
        www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact and click on the
        Groups icon, then CONTACT to see the results




March 31, 2012        Source: http://www.mindtimemaps.com
Principia Posthuman                                                                35
GPS for the Mind results
                                                            Image: Salvador Dali



       Past, present, future
       Self, group, country




March 31, 2012        Source: http://www.mindtimemaps.com
Principia Posthuman                                                                36
Aspen rhizome


   Elements of a Principia Posthuman

                                                                  Image: http://integral-options.blogspot.com




                                 Philosophy                     Next-generation
 Concepts               Concerned with: Understanding             intelligence
                        Art, aesthetics, economics, politics,
Qualitative                       societal design                 Democracy
                          Concerned with: Experience


                            Science and technology                Human Body
Quantitative            Concerned with: Characterization          2.0 Redesign


  March 31, 2012
                                                                                                 37
  Principia Posthuman
Principia
                                         Posthuman
                                         Thank you!
                                         Questions?




      Image: AmericanThinker.com




                                                      Image: Natasha Vita-More, Primo Posthuman


                                                                              Melanie Swan
                                                                          MS Futures Group
Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga                                     +1-650-681-9482
                                                                  @LaBlogga, @DIYgenomics
                                                                                www.MelanieSwan.com
Creative Commons 3.0 license                                                     m@melanieswan.com
DIYgenomics participant-organized studies
    7 studies in open enrollment (vitamin deficiency, aging, and
     mental performance); 5 in design (oncology, calcinosis)




March 31, 2012        Source: Swan, M., Crowdsourced health research studies. J Med Internet Res 2012, Mar;14(2):e46   39
Principia Posthuman

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Principia posthuman

  • 1. Elements of a Principia Posthuman Human Body 2.0 Redesign, Democracy, and Next- generation Intelligence Image credit: Natasha Vita-More, Primo Posthuman Melanie Swan MS Futures Group +1-650-681-9482 @LaBlogga, @DIYgenomics March 31, 2012, Sunnyvale CA www.MelanieSwan.com Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga m@melanieswan.com
  • 2. About Melanie Swan  Founder DIYgenomics, futurist and applied genomics expert  Current projects: MelanieSwan.com  Education: MBA Finance, Wharton; BA French/Economics, Georgetown Univ  Work experience: Fidelity, JP Morgan, iPass, RHK/Ovum, Arthur Andersen  Sample publications:  Swan, M. Crowdsourced Health Research Studies: An Important Emerging Complement to Clinical Trials in the Public Health Research Ecosystem. J Med Internet Res 2012, Mar;14(2):e46.  Swan, M. Scaling crowdsourced health studies: the emergence of a new form of contract research organization. Personalized Medicine 2012, Mar;9(2):223-234.  Swan, M. Steady advance of stem cell therapies. Rejuvenation Res 2011, Dec;14(6):699-704.  Swan, M., Hathaway, K., Hogg, C., McCauley, R., Vollrath, A. Citizen science genomics as a model for crowdsourced preventive medicine research. J Participat Med 2010, Dec 23; 2:e20.  Swan, M. Multigenic Condition Risk Assessment in Direct-to-Consumer Genomic Services. Genet Med 2010, May;12(5):279-88.  Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2009, 2, 492-525. March 31, 2012 Source: http://melanieswan.com/publications.htm 2 Principia Posthuman
  • 3. CONTACT presentations  Data Visualization in Second Life (2008)  Future of Life Sciences: the Great Convergence of Life and Technology (2009)  Revolutionizing Biology with Personal Genomes (2010)  Principia Posthuman (2012) Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga Image credit: Natasha Vita-More, Primo Posthuman March 31, 2012 3 Principia Posthuman
  • 4. The future is notoriously hard to predict Positional nanoassembly Young lady’s illustrated primer March 31, 2012 4 Principia Posthuman
  • 5. Simple models for thinking about the future Past Present Future March 31, 2012 Image: http://www.sydmead.com 5 Principia Posthuman
  • 6. The role of time in thinking: GPS for the Mind exercise Image: http://www.mindtime.com  Plot time orientation: certainty, possibility, probability www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact probability certainty possibility March 31, 2012 Source: Fortunato, VJ and Furey, JT. The theory of MindTime: The relationships between Future, Past, and Present thinking and psychological well-being and distress. Personality and Individual Differences. January 2011, 50(1), pp. 20-4. http://www.miindtime.com 6 Principia Posthuman
  • 7. GPS for the Mind exercise Image: Salvador Dali  CONTACT GPS for the Mind exercise (4 minutes)  Sign up for a free account at www.mindtimemaps.com (use an anonymous name if you prefer)  Complete the GPS for the Mind exercise at the community site: www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact  Results: return to the community site www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact and click on the Groups icon, then CONTACT to see the results March 31, 2012 Source: http://www.mindtimemaps.com Principia Posthuman 7
  • 8. Agenda  Context for Principia Posthuman  Elements of a Principia Posthuman  Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign  Qualitative: social constructs, democracy  Concepts: philosophy, next-generation intelligence  Conclusion March 31, 2012 Principia Posthuman
  • 9. Aspen rhizome Elements of a Principia Posthuman Image: http://integral-options.blogspot.com Philosophy Next-generation Concepts Concerned with: Understanding intelligence Art, aesthetics, economics, politics, Qualitative societal design Democracy Concerned with: Experience Science and technology Human Body Quantitative Concerned with: Characterization 2.0 Redesign March 31, 2012 9 Principia Posthuman
  • 10. Agenda  Context for Principia Posthuman  Elements of a Principia Posthuman  Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign  Qualitative: social constructs, democracy  Concepts: philosophy, next-generation intelligence  Conclusion March 31, 2012 Principia Posthuman
  • 11. Miniaturization trend, next node: microdots 10-100 years ago 2000s 2050s 2100+ Room(s) size Handheld Invisible Non matter- based? Computing machinery Information storage DNA sequencing March 31, 2012 11 Principia Posthuman
  • 12. (Kuhnian paradigms, Information transmission eras Foucauldian epistemes) Analog Digital Life code ? 17,300 years ago 1455 & 1950-2000 2000-2100 2100+ Painting, scrolls Press, Transistor DNA ? March 31, 2012 12 Principia Posthuman
  • 13. Prominent artificial intelligence eras Enumeration Biomimicry Big data ? 1950s 1990s+ 2000s+ 2100+ Expert syst, CYC NLP, HTM, NCC Google, Watson ? March 31, 2012 13 Principia Posthuman
  • 14. Big data: personal health informatics DNA: SNP mutations RNA expression profiling Health 2.0: Proteomics DNA: Structural Personal health variation informatics Epigenetics Microbiomics Metabolomics March 31, 2012 Academic papers re: integrated health data streams: Auffray C, et al. Looking back at genomic medicine in 2011. Genome Med. 2012 Jan 30;4(1):9. Chen R et al. Personal omics profiling reveals dynamic molecular and medical phenotypes. Cell. 2012 Mar 16;148(6):1293-307. 14 Principia Posthuman
  • 15. Biology is an information technology DNA sequencing: 10x/yr improvement I love you 010010010010000001101100011 011110111011001100101001000 00011110010110111101110101 I hate you 010010010010000001101000011 000010111010001100101001000 00011110010110111101110101 Image credit: http://pubs.acs.org/cen/_img/87/i50/8750cover2_law.gif March 31, 2012 15 Principia Posthuman
  • 16. Biology is the information technology Organ regeneration (urethra) Algal biofuel Image credit: Anthony Atala lab Image credit: http://www.rexresearch.com Artificial cell booted to life Whole organ decellularization and DNA nanotechnology latch Image credit: J. Craig Venter Institute recellularization (heart) box for drug delivery Image credit: Thomas Matthiesen Image credit: Aarhus University March 31, 2012 16 Principia Posthuman
  • 17. Agenda  Context for Principia Posthuman  Elements of a Principia Posthuman  Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign  Qualitative: social constructs, democracy  Concepts: philosophy, next-generation intelligence  Conclusion March 31, 2012 17 Principia Posthuman
  • 18. Agency: collective intelligence computing Crowdsourcing Concierge research Consumer genomics Citizen science Health 2.0: Consumer blood tests Crowdsourced health computing DIYbio labs Continuous Ambient mental sampling performance Quantified self- optimization tracking March 31, 2012 18 Principia Posthuman
  • 19. Mobile is the platform  Explosive growth Image credit: http://www.psfk.com  US: more cell phones (328 m) than people (315 m) 1  One billion+ worldwide smartphone users by 20132  App downloads: 5 bn in 2010 versus 300 mn in 20094  Health-related apps: 7,0004  81% physicians using smartphones 20123  Studies: thousands recruited in months2  Intimate continuous interaction platform Image credit: tehgaygeek.blogspot.com  Phone loss noticed within 5 minutes vs. 1 hour for wallet loss  Kids chat with Siri as virtual friend 1 Kang C. Number of cell phones exceeds US population. Washington Post. October 11, 2011. March 31, 2012 2 Dufau S. Smart phone, smart science: how the use of smartphones can revolutionize research in cognitive science. PLoS One. 2011. 3Kiser K. 25 ways to use your smartphone. Physicians share their favorite uses and apps. Minn Med. 2011. 19 Principia Posthuman 4 Boulos MN. How smartphones are changing the face of mobile and participatory healthcare. Biomed Eng Online. 2011.
  • 20. Participatory health activity landscape (Light) Level of Engagement (Intense) Social Mobile PHRs Consumer media health apps (personal genomics Citizen Quantified science self-tracking health records) DIYbio (do-it-yourself biology) March 31, 2012 Image credit: Getty Images 20 Principia Posthuman
  • 21. Concepts in participatory health Citizen science Quantified self- tracking DIYbio (do-it-yourself http://ezramagazine.cornell.edu biology) http://thecoolgadgets.com http://www.iab.keio.ac.jp March 31, 2012 21 Principia Posthuman
  • 22. Citizen science definition  Performing scientific investigation without professional training in the field Image credit: http://www.southernfriedscience.com Institutional science research Citizen science health and biology Citizen science: 200+ organizations1 March 31, 2012 1 http://scienceforcitizens.net/finder 22 Principia Posthuman
  • 23. Citizen science health – why now?  Tools  Plummeting cost of genome sequencing  Availability of consumer blood tests  Online bioinformatics tools  Education and support  Local DIYbio labs, online forums Image credit: http://diybionyc.blogspot.com Image credits: http://www.biocurious.org March 31, 2012 23 Principia Posthuman
  • 24. Goal: personalized knowledge through quantified self-tracking  Format: monthly ‘show n tell’ meetups  Outcome: optimality and improvement  Example: personalized interventions for depression, low energy, sleep quality Image credit: http://www.nationalpost.com Image credit: Quantified Self March 31, 2012 Source: Swan, M. Overview of Crowdsourced Health Research Studies. 2012. Forthcoming. 24 Principia Posthuman
  • 25. Quantified self study examples  Food consumption (1 yr)1 and the Butter Mind study2  Study  Low-cost home-administered blood, urine, saliva tests Cholestech LDX OrSense continuous non-invasive ZRT Labs dried home cholesterol test glucose monitoring blood spot tests March 31, 2012 1 Source: http://flowingdata.com/2011/06/29/a-year-of-food-consumption-visualized 2 Source: http://quantifiedself.com/2011/01/results-of-the-buttermind-experiment 25 Principia Posthuman
  • 26. Health social networks and collaboration Health social Health networks collaboration (global & local) communities Source: Extended from Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer March 31, 2012 personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 2, 492-525. 26 Principia Posthuman
  • 27. Agenda  Context for Principia Posthuman  Elements of a Principia Posthuman  Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign  Qualitative: social constructs, democracy  Concepts: philosophy, next-generation intelligence  Conclusion March 31, 2012 Principia Posthuman
  • 28. Professionalizing participative health: Philosophical validation  Towards an epistemology of citizen science  Provide a structure and context for participant-derived health knowledge  Q1: Are new kinds of knowledge are being formed through group collaborations such as wikipedia and health social networks?  Q2: How to characterize the knowledge generated by traditional medicine, self-experimentation, and health collaboration communities? Image credit: http://inkingrey.com March 31, 2012 28 Principia Posthuman
  • 29. Ontological shift Image credit: http://efx3.com Old thinking: My health is the responsibility of my physician New thinking: My health is my responsibility … and I have the tools to make managing it easy March 31, 2012 29 Principia Posthuman
  • 30. Genome politics and regulation  Our world is not Gattaca  Personal genomics has destigmatized health issues  Issues: human cloning, sex selection, genetic privacy, non-discrimination  UN Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine 1997 (Ch IV Human Genome) Image credit: http://www.sonypictures.com  U.S. Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) 2008  Biocitizenry, health as a human right Image credit: http://sciencephoto.com March 31, 2012 30 Principia Posthuman
  • 31. Role of participative health: future medicine 1. Continuous health information climate Automated digital health monitoring, self-tracking devices, and mobile apps providing personalized recommendations 2. Peer collaboration and health advisors Health social networks, crowdsourced studies, health advisors, wellness coaches, preventive care plans, Individual boutique physicians, genetics coaches, aestheticians, medical tourism 3. Public health system Deep expertise of traditional health system for disease and trauma treatment March 31, 2012 Source: Extended from Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 2, 492-525. 31 Principia Posthuman
  • 32. Health self-management A new model of health and health care March 31, 2012 Source: Extended from Swan, M. Emerging patient-driven health care models: an examination of health social networks, consumer personalized medicine and quantified self-tracking. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2009, 2, 492-525, Figure 1. 32 Principia Posthuman
  • 33. Biotechnicity and computational philosophy Metaphysical shift: new ways of being Concepts •Meaning of health and health outcomes •Sense of self and group identity, biocitizenry Image credit: http://stemcellresources.org Epistemic advance: new knowledge generation •Content: New data streams, larger data sets, more granular data, higher Qualitative order magnitude science •Process: New algorithms and new models Computational tools of health-related philosophical discovery •Hardware and software devices and algorithms: quantitative health data streams, health- related smartphone applications, personal electronic health records, quantified self- tracking devices •Crowdsourced human computing networks: crowdsourced disease prediction, health social networks, quantified self n=1 health self-experimentation, crowdsourced health research studies, DIYbio labs Quantitative March 31, 2012 Source: Swan, M. Biotechnicity 2.0: Computation-enabled Philosophical Advance in the Epistemology of Human Biology and the Ontology of Bioidentity. 2012. Submitted. 33 Principia Posthuman
  • 34. Agenda  Context for Principia Posthuman  Elements of a Principia Posthuman  Quantitative: science, human body 2.0 redesign  Qualitative: social constructs, democracy  Concepts: philosophy, next-generation intelligence  Conclusion March 31, 2012 34 Principia Posthuman
  • 35. GPS for the Mind exercise Image: Salvador Dali  CONTACT GPS for the Mind exercise (4 minutes)  Sign up for a free account at www.mindtimemaps.com (use an anonymous name if you prefer)  Complete the GPS for the Mind exercise at the community site: www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact  Results: return to the community site www.mindtimemaps.com/start/contact and click on the Groups icon, then CONTACT to see the results March 31, 2012 Source: http://www.mindtimemaps.com Principia Posthuman 35
  • 36. GPS for the Mind results Image: Salvador Dali  Past, present, future  Self, group, country March 31, 2012 Source: http://www.mindtimemaps.com Principia Posthuman 36
  • 37. Aspen rhizome Elements of a Principia Posthuman Image: http://integral-options.blogspot.com Philosophy Next-generation Concepts Concerned with: Understanding intelligence Art, aesthetics, economics, politics, Qualitative societal design Democracy Concerned with: Experience Science and technology Human Body Quantitative Concerned with: Characterization 2.0 Redesign March 31, 2012 37 Principia Posthuman
  • 38. Principia Posthuman Thank you! Questions? Image: AmericanThinker.com Image: Natasha Vita-More, Primo Posthuman Melanie Swan MS Futures Group Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga +1-650-681-9482 @LaBlogga, @DIYgenomics www.MelanieSwan.com Creative Commons 3.0 license m@melanieswan.com
  • 39. DIYgenomics participant-organized studies  7 studies in open enrollment (vitamin deficiency, aging, and mental performance); 5 in design (oncology, calcinosis) March 31, 2012 Source: Swan, M., Crowdsourced health research studies. J Med Internet Res 2012, Mar;14(2):e46 39 Principia Posthuman