2. This document is an electronic translation of the original
written in Spanish language, we apologize if this
translation differs from the original document.
Index
Entropy, which the dictionary says it.
Definition of some concepts of entropy.
Preface.
Entropy
First concept, entropy chaotic.
Entropy mechanism.
Circumstantial facts, entropy, synergy.
The laws of thermodynamics.
The entropy as chaos magnitude.
The creation of entropy, and impossible to destroy it.
Genuine entropy.
Let us order the concept of entropy.
Laying new foundations.
Lay new foundations rediscovers entropy. And our universe.
Epilogue.
3. Entropy, which the dictionary says it.
entropy.
(Del gr. Ἐντροπία, round, used in various figurative
senses).
1. f. Fís. Thermodynamic scale, which measures the unused
part of the energy contained in a system.
2. f. Fís. Measure of disorder of a system. A substance
with a mass of molecules regularly arranged, forming a
crystal, entropy is much lower than the same substance in
the form of gas molecules with their free and full
disorder.
3. f. Inform. Measure of uncertainty before a set of
messages, which are going to receive one.
Definition of some concepts of entropy.
Definition of some concepts
Thermodynamics, by defining a very simple, look at the
inside of the physical systems, trade in energy as heat is
conducted from one system to another. A macroscopic
quantities that are related to the internal state of a
system are called thermodynamic coordinates, they will help
us determine the internal energy of the system. In summary,
the ultimate goal of thermodynamics is found between the
thermodynamic coordinates overall consistent with the basic
principles of physics (remember the principle of
conservation of energy that we try the number 3 of "Social
Horizonte).
The thermodynamic analysis based on certain laws: the Law
"zero" on the concept of temperature, the first law of
thermodynamics, which tells of the principle of
conservation of energy, the second law of thermodynamics,
we define the entropy. Then we will discuss each of these
laws, with emphasis on the second law and concept of
entropy.
Act Zero
The Law of zero thermodynamics tells us that if we have two
sections called A and B, with a temperature different from
another, and put into contact in a given time t, they will
reach the same temperature, ie both have the same
temperature. If after a third body, which we call C
contacts A and B, also reached the same temperature and,
therefore, A, B and C have the same temperature while in
contact.
4. This principle can induce temperature, which is a condition
that each body has, and that man has learned to measure
through arbitrary reference scales (scales thermometer).
The First Law
The first law of thermodynamics the concept of internal
energy, work and heat. He says that if a system with a
fixed internal energy, work is done through a process, the
internal energy of the system vary. A difference in the
internal energy of the system and the amount of work we
call heat. The heat energy is transferred to the system by
non-mechanical means. Think that our system is a metal
container with water, we can raise the temperature of the
water by friction with a spoon or by direct heating in a
burner in the first case, we are doing work on the system
and will pass in the second heat.
It is worth noting that the internal energy of a system,
work and heat are but different manifestations of energy.
That's why energy is not created or destroyed, but only
during a process is transformed into its various
manifestations.
The Second Law
Finally, we will see the contents of the second law of
thermodynamics. In simple terms more or less would read:
"There is a process whose only result is the absorption of
heat from one source and the full conversion of this heat
into work." This principle (principle of Kelvin-Planck) was
born in the study of the performance of machines and
technological improvement of them. If this principle were
true, it could operate
taking a thermal heat from the environment, apparently
there is no contradiction, because the environment contains
a certain amount of internal energy, but we must note two
things: first, the second law of thermodynamics is not a
consequence of the first, but a separate law, and second,
the second law tells us about the restrictions that exist
to use energy in various processes, in our case, a thermal
power. There is a machine that uses internal energy of a
single heat source.
The concept of entropy was first introduced by R. J.
Clausius in the mid-nineteenth century. Clausius, French
engineer, also made a beginning to the Second Law: "No
process is possible whose only result is some heat transfer
from a cold to a body warmer." Based on this principle,
Clausius introduced the concept of entropy, which is a
measurement of the amount of restrictions that exist for a
process to take place and we also determined the direction
of the process. Let's talk about the three most important
meanings of the word entropy.
5. Entropy, disorder and degree of organization.
Let's imagine we have a box with three divisions, inside
the box and in each division are three different types of
marbles: blue, yellow and red, respectively. The divisions
are moving so I decided to remove the first one, which
separates the blue yellow marbles. What am I doing in terms
of entropy is to remove an index or degree of restriction
on my system before I remove the first division, the
marbles were separated and ordered in colors: the first
division in the blue the second yellow and red in the
third, were restricted to a certain order.
By removing the second division, I am also taking another
degree of restriction. The marbles have been mixed together
so that now I can not take that sort because the barriers
have been removed are restricted.
The entropy of this system has increased to remove the
restrictions as originally had an order and at the end of
the process (the process is in this case remove the
divisions of the box) there is some order in the box.
Entropy in this case is a measure of order (or disorder) of
a system or a lack of degrees of restriction, how to use it
is measured in our original system, ie, before removing any
restriction, and re-measure at the end of the process that
the system suffered.
It is important to note that entropy is not defined as an
absolute quantity S (the symbol of entropy), but what can
be measured is the difference between the entropy of a
system if the initial and final entropy of the Sf. It makes
no sense to speak of but in terms of entropy change in the
conditions of a system.
Entropia, reversible processes and irreversible processes.
Returning to the example of the box with marbles and
separations, we will explain what is a reversible process
and that process is not reversible.
Called reversible process that can be invested and let our
system under the same conditions. Taking into account
our cash and without separations, we have the balls to
rebellions with each other, ie, without a warrant. If the
process performed to remove the divisions were reversible,
the marbles would spontaneously ordered in blue, yellow and
red, in the order of the divisions. This will not happen.
The process that we undertook with our box of marbles was
not a reversible process, where once the order was in the
initial conditions of the system and never settle. The
study of such processes is important in nature because all
processes are irreversible.
Entropy and energy "spent".
On the principle enunciated by Clausius previously
mentioned, we can find the relationship with entropy and
the energy released in a process. Think of an engine. The
6. engine needs an energy source in order to make it work. If
we think of a car, gasoline, along with the spark of the
engine provides the energy (chemistry) combustion can make
the car move. What does the entropy here?
The energy that the car "used" to perform work and move,
are "spent", ie energy is released through a chemical
process that is no longer usable to produce an engine work.
This is one of the most difficult to understand concepts of
entropy, as it requires a slightly less trivial knowledge
of the operation of engines, refrigerators and the Carnot
cycle. But for our purposes with this explanation is
sufficient.
What is entropy?
Entropy as a measure of the degree of restriction as a
measure of disorder of a system or engineering, as a
subsidiary on the problems of energy efficiency of
machines, is one of the most important thermodynamic
variables. Their relationship to chaos theory opens a new
field of study and research in this very "hands" concept.
7. Preface
Entropy
This article is an analysis, written in a simple way for
readers with or without knowledge of physics, can easily
take on a very clear idea of what is entropy, but this will
not be easy, since it is truly a complex matter, because
this article hits the issue of entropy chaotic now accepted
that concept, is nothing but an illusion, because they'll
also come to this conclusion, we will present at the same
time what is the real nature of entropy, in a totally
opposite to what is accepted, as it will show this as a
mechanism, this will give a different concept, and
composition of this as a group of natural mechanisms,
working together with one aim, to maintain order and avoid
chaos in the universe.
This article, which apparently has no significance, but
with this change, the universe as we know it ceases to
exist, and opens a new view of physics, changing
everything, with the laws of thermodynamics, as false and
arbitrary, and opens the door to a vision of the energy
that comes from time and space.
To show how entropy, now known as the cause of chaos and
disorder, was poorly cataloged. To do this we must show how
the problem arises, loss of synergy to confuse, in an (X),
and interpret this loss, the disorder appears as a result,
the concept of entropy chaotic, this is thanks to a mix
concepts and physical events, () mechanism, this mixture
created a monster, monstrosity, and the error, since the
chaotic entropy exists only in the human mind, has no
relation to actual physical events, the entropy of chaos,
it creates enormous confusion and this confusion led to a
distortion in the field of physics. To understand this, we
need to start again, and lay new foundations, also to
explain in an understandable manner, we need to divide the
entropy, in two parts, the first concept the current
chaotic entropy () and the second () entropy as a
mechanism, within each of these two parts, analyze the
events that shape, what are the facts in each hand?, we,
who guided us to the conclusion, to develop this concept,
primarily These three facts are, first, the evidence
circumstantial, second, entropy, and the third synergy.
We should also add that this article is the third part of
the same article, in which the first part is, time and
space, also published under the name (Equation), the second
under the name of Time, and the third under the name of
entropy, for the better understanding of this article,
8. please read the two previous parts, these three have been
published under the name of the author, Arturo Raúl Cortés.
Chaotic entropy.
This first part. () Chaotic entropy is now known and
accepted by all as one concept. This concept is one that
relates the entropy with chaos and disorder at the
molecular and systems. In this concept, there are 3
different events, independent of one another, the first
circumstance, the second entropy, and the third synergy.
Chaotic entropy is a tripartite, this blend of real
physical events matter and energy, machinery, and this is
added the sum of concepts, it is inconceivable to try to do
this, is like trying to add the number (1), to the point
(a) and (color red), and try to get a mathematical result.
As I shall use the following joke. Here is more or less
like this,
Facts + (circumstantial reduction synergy, + mechanisms +
entropy + magnitude, + inability of the destruction of
entropy, entropy creation) +,
= {Chaotic entropy}.
Here all that is chaos, is the process by which you
determine that outcome, and that supposedly gives rise to
chaos and disorder, this is totally independent and
unrelated to the entropy, and subsequent loss of synergy,
arbitrary concept in this first, mix three different facts,
and these three facts and arbitrarily mixed, given a single
name, entropy, this Capirotada of facts, is where it is
concluded that the entropy is chaotic.
Entropy mechanism.
Entropy as a mechanism fits very well as a subcategory of
synergy, bringing to light the true nature of entropy,
which maintains the order and organization in the universe,
but at another level, as this is natural and primitive in
general in this part, we make a difference among the three
9. major events occurring in certain events, (X), these are
the same that occur in the concept of entropy chaotic, but
unlike this Here we each made an independent in the
following order, the first circumstantial facts, the second
entropy, and the third synergy by dividing these facts in a
reasonable manner, we conclude that entropy, has nothing to
do with chaos and disorder, but rather in the opposite
direction, is the master of the order, as it brings to
light the true nature of entropy.
Circumstantial facts, entropy, and synergy.
Circumstantial facts, are all those events occurring at a
time (X), for example, the box with marbles, which we saw
earlier, this is a circumstantial fact, another example
would be the explosion of a star, this act would be the
facts circumstantial later (X) (X) This act is the direct
responsibility of each instance in particular, even though
these acts circumstantial, there is no chaos, because these
events are caused by reactions of the natural and primitive
matter and energy, these circumstantial facts or events are
responsible directly to the alleged chaos, the complexity
of this fact in every particular, usurps the place of
entropy, but not in the physical world of real facts of the
matter and energy, but this happens within our usurpation
mind synergistic complex, confusing and chaotic with
entropy, and false.
By separating the acts or circumstantial facts, (X), which
happens all the time in nature. The consequence of this
separation of mechanisms and concepts, will light the true
nature of entropy, showing what it really is, a mechanism
of nature in order to keep everything in order and under
control at the natural and primitive in the universe.
The laws of thermodynamics.
This misconception of a chaotic entropy, led to the
formulation of the current laws of thermodynamics, which
are closely related to the concept of entropy chaotic at
all levels of complex systems with a high degree of
synergy, as molecular disorder, and because this product of
the error, I think a greater error, to produce the laws of
thermodynamics, the first place I shall use these laws,
which laws are to begin, this is mainly because a law is
universal invariant and absolute, and the current laws of
thermodynamics do not meet these requirements, that is why
the current efforts of scientists to consolidate all the
truths of the universe in a single equation, they were
10. unable, because it is impossible to do with these
fundamentals.
Entropy chaotic as magnitude.
In the currently accepted misconception, to relate entropy
to the chaos, committed another error, considering it as a
magnitude, the following error, and that as a natural
mixture of circumstantial facts, (X), embedded in the
entropy, and confused with the loss of synergy, but what
you can do with entropy, in this misconception, is
calculated, which is very different, measure, this
calculation is not and can not be accurate and precise, so
which entropy is not a magnitude.
The creation of entropy, and impossible to destroy it.
All these errors lead to make the entropy in a different
context, it is also said to be created, not destroyed,
which is also false, since this phenomenon is universal
constant, which means it can not be more or less, depending
on the amount of material in each case in particular,
because as it relates to her and which he was liable, are
facts beyond itself, it also says it can not be destroyed,
which is also false. Since being a constant entropy change
under certain circumstances, this can be neutralized,
either by natural circumstances, or by artificial means the
product of the invention of mechanisms intelligent life,
under this neutralization, conceives the advent of power of
time and space, what we mean by the time and place, now can
we say about entropy, it seems that this be considered as
an entity, but this is not.
Genuine entropy. It is not a concept, is a real physical.
The true entropy is not a concept, is a real
physical, natural, universal and primitive, that sometimes,
due to special circumstances, it is neutralized, but after
that, the entropy goes as the neutralization of that love,
and lord of the universe, to keep everything in order and
in place since the passage of time, after being
neutralized, the circumstances that neutralized them
change, as is typical in our physical universe, that
everything is changing and to these changes takes control
again, through natural mechanisms also available at the
time of each event on time and in particular, this entropy
is naturally true, instructs the main fundamental reason to
prevent energy multiply in a disorderly manner, and spread
11. chaos in the universe, changing the concept of a chaotic
entropy to the entropy of a subset of synergy, this paper
assumes importance in the field of physics, because with
this change opens the door for a lot in terms of physical
fit and make sense, and I overthrowing the dogmas, and to
eliminate false currently accepted laws of thermodynamics,
and opens the door for the purpose with this new concept
can be to consolidate all the truths of the universe in a
single equation, and thus open a new chapter in
understanding and usher in a new era of technology, leading
to the human race as a species, to endless horizons because
with this, the entropy can be predictable, and in this
intelligent life, you can create mechanisms and these
mechanisms, using known and predictable physical events, as
well as physical laws in our favor. By clarifying to say
that physical laws in our favor, we are talking about
actual laws, as is the universal law of gravity, using this
to create new technologies for energy overall time and
space.
Let us order the concept of entropy.
Entropy is a consequence of the presence or existence of
matter, and this movement.
Entropy, like the speed and temperature, or energy, have no
independent existence, these among others are the result of
circumstantial facts of the matter, and this movement,
unlike the chaotic entropy, is not a scale, as this can not
be measured, we can calculate, but a calculation is not
necessary.
Entropy, as a universal and natural, to maintain order in
the universe.
Consider which is the entropy, with an example commonly
used, for example if we drop a cup from a height of 1 meter
for example, the average height of a table, the bowl struck
against the ground, breaking, spreading the Pieces without
a certain direction, the question is, why the events occur
in this way and not in the opposite direction? if pulled
pieces from the same height, they can not adapt and become
a cup, the conclusion of this we call it entropy, and
relate to the chaos and disorder, the main problem here,
not the fact of what happens in the cup, but rather we
understand humans as intelligent life, which is order and
disorder, to explain this fact, we have to give personality
to the entropy, this will, to show the entropy as an entity
that thinks and a life of its own, making clear that the
entropy is not an entity or a life of its own, before this
personality that we gave to the entropy, we can now begin
12. to question it.
Given the example of the cup, the entropy ask, why did all
this mess?, Putting all the pieces of the cup without a
certain direction, who believe that answer, the answer
would be the entropy of the next, no clutter , everything
is in order and under control, what happened is that the
material of the cup was thin in some places and the impact
snapped, and the pieces by their weight, speed and
trajectory, I put them where appropriate.
With this simple example, we can see that there is
chaos and disorder in the entropy, given our complex ideas
of mechanism, including intelligent life, we conclude that
in the example of the cup, everything is in disarray, that
is our conclusion and opinion, but is not the truth, the
truth is, physically, by means of entropy, everything is in
order, the pieces of the cup, puts them exactly where
appropriate, depending on the direction and speed weight of
each piece in particular, nature acts on instinct, using
the mechanisms available in each case in particular, now
what are the mechanisms used by nature for the cup, we can
say that the spotlight is on the force of gravity, but we
can mention that you use all mechanisms available in
nature, speed, mass, size, temperature, time, space,
vacuum, in order that everything is available, in time and
space, ie at the time and the place.
Let's see where the error occurred and confusing mix, the
entropy with circumstantial facts, and joined it to see the
decline of synergy, and this fall added to the entropy.
Let's analyze one of the meanings, significant entropy in
physics, this is the box with marbles, and we saw that
introducing entropy, as is now accepted.
In this example we saw a box of marbles with the colors
blue, white and red, which to remove the divisions, marbles
lose an order because of his color, and this fact is called
entropy, this is where the error arises.
Analicémoslo.
Item number 1, for starters the fact that the marbles are
arranged by color, not a matter of fact, this is a product
of intelligent life, and contains a high degree of synergy,
we can say now that the fact remove the divisions between
the colors, consider this as an occasional event, (X),
circumstance or event, this simple act we can compare it
circumstantial, such as the explosion of a star or the
collision of a comet on a planet this is the occasional
act, like any other that happens in nature, now the
question is this, is responsible for the entropy of the
13. circumstantial facts, "the answer is no, because we want to
hold the entropy of events which is not accountable? in all
cases the entropy is not responsible for this, these are
mere acts by an endless succession of circumstances, which
are not the responsibility of entropy, but the chance of
this, chance, we can say that everything happens for a
reason and we must not confuse a natural act and physical,
with a chaotic event, however, divisions and remove the
marbles, what happens after that is not a disorder, On the
contrary, in a circumstantial fact, entropy puts everything
in order and give marbles a weight according to their size
and location, with this simple act we see the subcategory
of synergy, called entropy, is putting everything in order,
this order is an order at the natural, not synergistic,
here we can see what he sees as our mind complex, it is not
a loss of synergy, if not the result of this loss, our mind
complex, it considers chaos, and this illusion of mind, we
call it entropy, this is happening in this instance the box
of marbles, entropy is the natural and primitive, which
organizes and orders, but the conclusion we reached with
the current line of thought of the concept of entropy,
which is now the case with the marbles in this chaos, now
test the box with marbles, we get two results, a line of
thinking is wrong now accepted, in which this act of
entropy is considered chaotic and disorderly, and the other
result, the physical and natural and instinctive right,
where the marbles are in their rightful place, irrespective
of their color, the first result in which we concluded that
the growing chaos, this only happens in our mind, this
error is not a physical act real and tangible, this is a
mental illusion virtual and misleading, however the
physical act, correct natural and acceptable, which does
not take into account the synergies and thus both the color
of the marbles, it is irrelevant, it is hidden to our
understanding. It is interesting how many times our minds
makes us a deceptive game, this is done we will see the
loss of synergy, and the result of the natural order of the
arrangement of the marbles, what we see as chaotic.
14. Lay new foundations, rediscovering the entropy, and our
universe.
Rediscover the entropy, we discuss this in detail with
mathematical formulas, and we saw that the entropy is a
consequence of matter, and the movement of this, we need to
start from scratch, that we'll do a mental exercise, to do
this we must forget our universe filled with matter and
energy, quitémoslo now and get an empty universe, where
only the space, and now a question, how much entropy is in
this universe empty?, the answer is no, here we have a zero
entropy, now formulate another question, how much energy we
have in this universe vacuum, the answer is the same, no,
let third question, how much heat we have in this universe
empty? the answer is no, this is what it tells us the
meaning Common, now make a mental delusion, put energy into
this space, eg, heat, and return to the same question, do
we now how entropy, "the answer is the same, no, because
energy is another consequence of matter and the movement of
this, then we can not put energy in empty space, because
energy does not exist, if not this matter, we should add
this very clearly, matter in motion, as we said entropy and
energy do not have independent existence, and we can add to
that time, gravity, light, heat, and finally we could make
a big list of all the things they would not be present with
the subject, how could if we do not have heat issue? if we
have energy, or if you want to see the work of the entropy,
we need to introduce into our universe with space, matter,
right now, put an empty space on our planet, such as the
planet Mercuro, now put this planet with care and leave it
inert, that is without any motion, and is completely cold,
now is the same question again, how much entropy, or energy
we need? now things change dramatically, because Now we
have potential energy and entropy, entropy also have
duties, because when the planet starts to move in a vacuum,
we get energy, but use a lot of energy to set in motion our
planet Mars, this amount of Power now is being kept
infinitely, because our planet is in an empty space and no
obstacles in its path, then never stop, and as a result we
have that much energy, (X), which preserves infinitely, and
When in motion, is the possibility of infinite potential
energy, we now that our planet has entropy in office, let's
see what this entropy is the natural mechanism that causes
the body to be kept together, this is the entropy function
in , also said that entropy has potential, let's see what
this entropy, this always appears at a given time to show
another object in its path, and impact on our planet, on
the one hand use the force of gravity as a mechanism to
attract something that is in disarray in the empty space
15. and wandering in the universe, entropy is another potential
mechanism that is the bulk of the planet Mars, which will
serve as host for the absorption of impact and using the
entropy to dispel energy multiplied, until this point, it
is very complicated to reach these conclusions because we
have only one planet in motion, but this becomes very
complex field we introduce the more vacuum in our universe.
Let us do a little mental exercise our complex, changing
the scenario to make the earth, as we know, this is
atmosphere and oceans, it is cold and lifeless, and
pongámoslo like the planet Mars, and inert without
movement, and now do the same question, how much we have
entropy?, and the response is repeated like the planet
Mars, has potential energy and entropy, entropy also has
the service, now in entropy functions is more complex
because our planet has liquid oceans and they are here in
this example the entropy more mechanisms used to sort
things, including a mechanism that uses at this point, the
entropy is the ground level to direct the water toward the
more low and fill the spaces beginning with the lowest
levels, here we see two different mechanisms acting
together, a central part which is the force of gravity on
our planet earth, and other levels of surface acting
together, we also see a difference between the liquid, a
quantity of oil for example, that the ocean will be
different as the water level, acting is another mechanism
of entropy in this case the weight of fluids, to maintain
order according to their weight, and we can also see this
in gases, the entropy will give a different place compared
to the oxygen, while the entropy is acting, trying to
dispel any to avoid the chaos, for example in the case of
gases from diluting the oxygen is used to prevent an
explosion, while using space to avoid increasing pressure.
Let us exercise our mind a little more complex, added to
our satellite, the moon, the two are cool, now Let's put it
in motion, of course, with translation and rotation
movement, and now do the same question, How much entropy do
we have?, We much entropy as the size of mass, a difference
that the mechanisms may vary depending on the form,
composition and location of this. On energy, the question
is, How much energy do we have?, On the one hand we have
the conservation of energy as infinite, for being on earth
with the moon in a perpetual voyage through the universe,
and we will account of an energy surplus, infinite product
of time and space, as a result of this rotation of the
earth, and the liquid state of the seas, in the presence of
the moon our satellite, which formed the ocean tides, even
now This additional movement of the tides because these
movements consist entirely of water, do not create heat, if
16. we see in a natural way. Here is where we must become more
complex, introducing the life and adding intelligent life,
we, as is characteristic of our species, we can change our
environment, and see what happens if this additional
movement of the tides ocean through the use of tidal
generators to generate electricity, and use this energy to
heat the planet, this simple example shows how, in order to
put the concept of entropy changes everything and opens a
possibility of infinity in physics , in terms of matter and
energy and their interactions.
Preface.
Our observable universe is in order and control of matter
and energy, and when made by circumstantial, something that
seems out of control, the very nature of our universe, and
again subjected to the control, the chaos and disorder is
an illusory product of our mind synergistic, which
processes the ideas in an overly complex and symmetrical.
In order to make this simple concept of entropy, I believe
all things, which until now had no meaning or explanation,
in our universe can be explained in detail and sanity, also
support this explanation in mathematics.
On the other hand those that seemed to make sense to have
him stop and explain.
We list some of these.
1 .- The first law of thermodynamics as a law is
void, because a heat source that can radiate in the form
infinite.
2 .- The second law of thermodynamics is void by
default.
3 .- The law of conservation of matter is
canceled in the same way.
4 .- The well-known formula, E-mc2, becomes
relative.
5 .- The expansion of the universe can be
explained, and opens the possibility that this is infinite.
6 .- The death of our universe by cooling, it is
precluded, since the energy of time and space may be
growing in the form of heat, as surplus to the stars, not
only by the natural heat of the burning of fuels, as it
17. opens the possibility that the stars made for special
circumstances, time and space, both in his life, like
birth, is generating more heat, which would generate its
fuels, by themselves, since no know exactly what are the
reactions of electrons with the composition of each star in
particular.
7 .- The intelligent life discovered a
potential infinite power to conquer the universe.
The chaos and disorder, had no place in our universe.
Author
Arturo Raúl Cortés
The king is naked. The king is naked.