Focus on Grammar 3, Unit 8

2. p. 108

3. Remember past participles?
Regular
love  loved
walk  walked
arrived  arrived
Irregular
be  been
go  gone
write  written
(and many more!)

4. Unit 8. Present Perfect: Since & For
(p. 108)
• Forming the Present Perfect (p. 110)
Subject
Have
I
You
We
They
have
have not
haven’t
He
She
It
has
has not
hasn’t
Past
Participle
talked
since 2009.
for a long time.
talked

5. Unit 8. Present Perfect: Since & For
(p. 108)
• Forming the Present Perfect (p. 110)
• QUESTIONS
Yes/No Questions
HAVE
Have
Has
SUBJECT
I
you
we
they
he
she
it
PAST
PARTICIPLE
talked?
talked?
When Questions
WhWord
When
When
Have
Have
Has
Subject
I
you
we
they
he
she
it
Past Participle
talked?
talked?

6. Unit 8. Present Perfect: Since & For
(p. 111)
• Meaning #1: an event that began in the past and
continues now
– I have been a student for many years. I haven’t found
a job.
– I have lived here since 2009. I haven’t lived in Georgia
for four years.
– Kelly has worked here for two weeks.
– Kyle has loved sports since he was young.
*hint: “become” is usually used as a perfect tense verb
I have become a better speaker of English.

7. p. 113
has not stopped
hasn’t stopped
has been
have had
have lived
have not taken
have gone
has skated
has won
has wanted
have considered
haven’t taken

8. Since & For
• since = one point in time
– When?
• I have been here since August.
• It has not rained since Friday.
• for = length of time
– How long?
• I have been here for one month.
• It has not rained for a week.

9. p. 112, Ex. 2
for
Since
for
since
for
since

10. Exercise 5, p. 114-115
I have lived here since 2001. / I have lived here for 10 years.
This is wrong
WithHow long have you had your M.A. degree?
your neighbor,
in
complete the since 2000. / your books.
I’ve had my M.A. degree
I’ve had my M.A. degree for 11 years.
questions. Then use
Have you had any
p. 115 to writemore training since you got your M.A. degree?
the
Yes, I have. I got my black belt in tae kwon do.
answers.
How long have you been a physical education teacher?
I have been a physical education teacher since 2002. /
I have been a physical education teacher for 9 years.

11. Exercise 5, p. 114-115
How long have you worked as a sports trainer?
I’ve been a sports trainer since 2000. /
I’ve been a sports trainer for 11 years.
How long have you had a black belt in tae kwon do?
I’ve had a black belt for two months.
Have you won any awards since then?
No, I haven’t.
How long have you been a member of NEA?
I’ve been a member of NEA since 2003. /
I’ve been a member of NEA for eight years.

12. Grammar Homework:
• Complete p. 113-114, #4 and p. 120, “Review”
• Read about already, yet, and still on p. 123124. Complete p. 125, #2.
• Want more practice? Check out eLearning 
“Grammar Materials” folder.
• We’ll review p. 113 #4 and p. 125 #2
tomorrow, then we’ll do some group practice.