1. The boy can
play baseball.
The teacher can teach.

2. I can make you
laugh, choose me.
I wish you
would not
fight for
me.
I would like to be
your valentine.

3. Modals
Modals or Modal Auxiliaries are
used with other verbs to express
special meanings.

4. Modals are of different kinds:
Modal
Use
Example
can
•implies the
ability to do
something
•The child can
play the violin.
•asking/giving
permission
•Can I take
this? Yes, you
can.

5. Modal
could
Use
•implies past ability
•implies possibility
•making requests
•asking/giving
permission
•expresses unreal
condition
Example
•He could do the
trapeze.
•It could rain tonight.
•Could you mail the
letter please?
•Could I go now? Yes,
you could.
•If he had the money,
he could buy that
car.

6. Modal
could
have
could
not have
Use
Example
•expresses
•He could have escaped
opportunity to do death if he wanted to.
something but
failed
•Indicates
situation not
possible to
happen because
of the existence of
another situation
•The girl you saw at the
theater could not have
been Sonia as she was
with me at the hospital.

7. Modal
Use
Example
may
•asking/giving
permission
•expresses wish
•expresses doubt
•Ma’am, may I go out?
Yes, you may.
•May your trip be
pleasant!
•He may come, although I
don’t think he will.
•The patient may walk
again soon.
•expresses possibility
•Expresses purpose
•Expresses
guess/conjecture
•She works hard that she
may help her parents.
•Melba may come early.

8. Modal
Use
Example
might
•expresses
guess/conjecture
•She might come
early.
may
have/
might
have
should
•expresses conjecture •The letter you sent
about a past
may have/might
situation
have been lost on
transit, I didn’t
receive it.
•Expresses obligation, •Children should be
duty
polite.

9. Modal
Use
Example
would
•expresses polite
request
•expresses unreal
condition
•Would you turn on
the air conditioner?
would like
•expresses polite
request
•expresses unreal
condition
•If I were the judge, I
would convict them.
•Would you like
some ice cream and
apple pie?

10. Modal
Use
Example
would
like to
•means the same as
want or desire
•I would like to see
“Miss Saigon.”
would •expresses preference •The girl would
rather . . .
or choice
rather read a book
than
than attend a
party.
must
•indicates
strong/absolute
obligation
•We must obey the
school rules and
regulations.

11. Modal
Use
Example
must be
•expresses a
deduction about a
situation in the
present
Situation:
The beggar has not
eaten for three days.
Deduction:
He must be starving

12. Modal
Use
Example
must
have
•expresses a
deduction about
past situation
Situation:
The streets were
flooded this morning.
Deduction:
It must have rained all
night.

13. Modal
ought to
have
has
to
had
had better
(usually
used in
contraction
‘d better)
}
Use
Example
•denotes
obligation
•You ought to tell the truth.
•You have to study to pass.
•expresses
necessity
•Luis has to support himself.
•I had to leave early.
•I’d better find out if there is
still an available seat for
tomorrow's flight.
•implies sense of
obligation

14. Modal
Use
Example
hope
•implies greater
possibility
•I hope to see you soon.
wish
•indicates
something not very
sure
•I wish you were here.
Am to
•implies an
arrangement or
agreement
•I am to wait for you here.

15. Modal
let
Use
Example
•denotes wish
denotes a
suggestion means
allow
•Let it rain.
•Let us go together.
•Mother lets me go to
parties.

21. Prepared by:
Ms. Liza B. Javier
Grade 7 Student Teacher
Mrs. Lulu Canezo
Critic Teacher/ English Teacher