1. WATER POLLUTION:
CAUSES, EFFECTS, SOLUTI
ONS
BRIANNE HENRY

2. WATER POLLUTION
• WATER POLLUTION BY DEFINITION IS THE CONTAMINATION OF A WATER
SOURCE BY CHEMICALS THAT CAN HARM HUMANS, ANIMALS, AND THE
ENVIRONMENT
• THE POLLUTION CAN COME FROM MULTIPLE SOURCES AND THEY ALL FALL
UNDER DIFFERENT CATEGORIES
• THE CATEGORIES THEY FALL UNDER ARE TOXIC AND ORGANIC SUBSTANCE,
THERMAL AND ECOLOGICAL POLLUTION

3. TOXIC SUBSTANCE POLLUTION
• TOXIC SUBSTANCE POLLUTION SIMPLY MEANS THAT A CHEMICAL THAT DOES
NOT BELONG IN THE WATER, GOES INTO THE WATER AND CONTAMINATES IT.
• THE MOST POPULAR CHEMICALS THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHEMICAL
POLLUTION ARE PESTICIDES, HERBICIDES, AND OTHER COMPOUNDS.
• THE SOURCE OF THESE POLLUTANTS COME FROM FARMS, WHO USE LARGE
AMOUNTS OF HERBICIDES AND PESTICIDES TO PROTECT THEIR PLANTS FROM
VARIOUS BUGS.
• THERE ARE ALSO DIFFERENT FERTILIZERS THAT ARE USED THAT CAN WASH
INTO THE WATER SYSTEM AND DAMAGE THE WATER SUPPLY

4. ORGANIC SUBSTANCE POLLUTION
• THIS FORM OF POLLUTION OCCURS WHEN ORGANIC MATTER LIKE MANURE
GOES INTO THE WATER SYSTEM
• WHEN THE MATTER INCREASES IN ONE SOURCE OF WATER, THE POPULATION
OF DECOMPOSERS INCREASE AND THEY TAKE A GREAT DEAL OF OXYGEN
• AS A RESULT, THERE WILL BE A COMPETITION FOR THE REST OF THE OXYGEN
AND SOON THE OTHER AQUATIC ORGANISMS WILL START TO DIE
• WITH THE DEATH OF THE AQUATIC ORGANISMS, THE DECOMPOSERS WILL
TAKE OVER THE ENVIRONMENT

5. ORGANIC SUBSTANCE CONT.
• ONE TYPE OF ORGANIC POLLUTION HAPPENS WHEN INORGANIC POLLUTANTS
INCREASE IN AN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM.
• THESE INORGANIC POLLUTANTS ARE NITROGEN AND PHOSPHATES
• WHEN THEY MULTIPLY, IT CAUSES PLANTS AND ALGAE TO GROW BUT WHEN
THERE IS TOO MUCH PLANTS AND ALGAE IN ONE WATER ECOSYSTEM, THE
OXYGEN DEPLETES WHEN THEY DIE. IN TURN, IT CAUSES DECOMPOSERS TO
MULTIPLY
• THIS IS A PHENOMENON CALLED EUTROPHICATION

6. THERMAL POLLUTION
• THIS FORM OF POLLUTION HAPPENS WHEN WATER IS USED AS A COOLING
AGENT NEAR A POWER OR INDUSTRIAL PLANT AND THE WATER IS THEN
RETURNED TO THE ECOSYSTEM.
• AS A RESULT, THE WATER IS AT A HIGHER TEMPERATURE THEN THE REST OF
THE BODY OF WATER AND IT CAN MESS UP THE OXYGEN LEVELS IN THE
ECOSYSTEM
• THE CHANGE IN OXYGEN LEVELS CAUSES THE AQUATIC ORGANISMS TO
COMPETE FOR THE OXYGEN THAT THEY NEED TO SURVIVE.

7. ECOLOGICAL POLLUTION
• ECOLOGICAL POLLUTION OCCURS WHEN ANY OF THE OTHER FORMS OF
POLLUTION ARE CAUSED BY NATURE, NOT BY HUMANS
• FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN A VOLCANO ERUPTS, THE LAVA THAT FALLS IN THE WATER
CAN CAUSE THERMAL POLLUTION
• THE ASH FROM THE VOLCANO CAN ALSO CAUSE TOXIC SUBSTANCE POLLUTION .
• ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS WHEN A RIVER FLOODS AND ALL THE ORGANIC MATTER
FROM THE GROUND AND WHATEVER ANIMAL THAT IS CAUGHT IN THE FLOOD CAN
CAUSE ORGANIC SUBSTANCE POLLUTION

8. HUMAN/ANIMAL HEALTH AND WATER
POLLUTION
• IT IS NO SECRET THAT WATER POLLUTION HAVE HORRIBLE EFFECTS ON HUMAN
AND ANIMAL HEALTH. EVEN THOUGH A LOT OF EFFECTS ARE NOT IMMEDIATE, IT
CAN STILL COME LATER ON IN LIFE.
• THE HEAVY METALS FOUND IN WATER CAN RESULT IN SLOW DEVELOPMENT AND
BIRTH DEFECTS WHEN CONSUMED BY THE FISH WHICH WILL BE CONSUMED BY
HUMANS.
• POLLUTANTS FROM SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE CAN LEAD TO ILLNESSES
AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES, POISONING, INFANT MORTALITY, IMMUNE ISSUES AND
THEY CAN BE FATAL
• OTHER PARTICLES CAN ALSO EFFECT FRESHWATER WHICH WILL REDUCE THE
QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER FOR HUMANS AND ANIMALS

9. ECONOMY AND WATER POLLUTION
• EVEN THOUGH IT IS NOT AN IMMEDIATE THOUGHT, WATER POLLUTION CAN HAVE A
GREAT IMPACT ON THE ECONOMY
• IT IS PRETTY EXPENSIVE WHEN THE CONTAMINATED WATER HAS TO BE TREATED
AND CERTAIN MEASURES HAVE TO BE TAKEN IN ORDER TO PREVENT THE WATER
FROM GETTING RE-INFECTED.
• WHAT FACTORS IN THE PRICE OF TREATING THE WATER IS THE
LOCATION, CONTAMINATION SIZE, AND THE TYPE OF POLLUTANT.
• LOCATION DETERMINES HOW MUCH THE TREATMENT WILL COST. IF THE LOCATION
IS HARD TO GET TO, THE PRICE GOES UP . IF THE LOCATION IS EASY TO GET
TO, THE PRICE GOES DOWN
• IF THE AREA IS LARGE, THE PRICE WILL GO UP. IF THE AREA IS SMALL, PRICE GOES
DOWN
• TYPE OF POLLUTANT MATTERS BECAUSE SOME POLLUTANTS ARE HARDER TO GET

10. ENVIRONMENT AND WATER POLLUTION
• THE EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION ON THE ENVIRONMENT VARIES
DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF POLLUTANT
• WHEN THE POLLUTANT IS A HEAVY METAL, IT CAN BE VERY TOXIC TO THE FISH
AND OTHER AQUATIC LIFE, CAN EFFECT THE REPRODUCTIVE NATURE OF THE
ANIMALS
• THE WASTE FROM SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIES CAN INFECT THE FISH AND GIVE
THEM DISEASES AND OTHER INFECTIONS

11. PREVENTING WATER POLLUTION
• THE PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION STARTS WITH US. THERE ARE MULTIPLE
THINGS THAT WE CAN DO TO HELP KEEP THE WATER HEALTHY:
• BE MINDFUL WITH WHAT GOES DOWN THE SINK AND TOILET. AVOID THROWING
LITTER DOWN THE DRAINS
• DO NOT OVERUSE PESTICIDES AND FERTILIZERS
• INCREASE THE PLANTS IN YOUR GARDEN TO PREVENT FERTILIZERS AND
PESTICIDES FROM GOING INTO WATER SOURCES
• AVOID THROWING LITTER IN OCEANS, LAKES, AND RIVERS
• ATTEMPT TO CLEAN UP THE LITTER THAT YOU DO SEE AND DISPOSE OF THEM
PROPELY

12. TREATMENT OF WATER POLLUTION :SEPTIC
TANKS
• SEPTIC TANKS ARE USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF SEWAGE FROM AN
INDIVIDUAL BUILDING .
• WHEN THE SEWAGE GOES FROM THE BUILDING TO THE TANK, THE SOLIDS ARE
SEPARATED FROM THE LIQUID.
• THE SOLIDS ARE SEPARATED BY DENSITY. THE HEAVIER MATERIALS FLOAT TO
THE BOTTOM, WHILE THE LIGHTER MATERIALS FLOAT TO THE TOP.
• THERE IS A BIOLOGICAL PROCESS THAT HELPS DEGRADE THE WASTE
• THE LIQUID THAT REMAINS FLOWS OUT THE TANK AND GOES TO A DRAINAGE
SYSTEM AND WHATEVER SOLIDS THAT ARE LEFT ARE FILTERED OUT

13. TREATMENT OF WATER POLLUTION: OZONE
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
• THIS IS A GENERATOR THAT HELPS BREAK DOWN THE POLLUTANTS IN THE
WATER
• THESE GENERATORS USE ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION TO CONVERT OXYGEN
INTO OZONE.
• OZONE IS A GAS THAT CAN OXIDIZE BACTERIA, MOLDS, AND ETC.
• THE OZONE CAN KILL BACTERIA, OXIDIZE SUBSTANCES LIKE IRON AND FILTER
THEM OUT
• AFTER THE OZONE IS DONE BEING USED, IT CAN REVERT BACK TO OXYGEN
AND THERE WILL BE NO PROOF THAT IT WAS USED
• UNFORTUNATELY, THE TREATMENT NEEDS A HUGE AMOUNT OF ENERGY FROM

14. CONCLUSION
• WATER POLLUTION IS CAUSED BY MULTIPLE THINGS THAT CAN ULTIMATELY
HARM NOT ONLY HUMANS, ANIMALS, PLANTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT BUT IT
CAN ALSO EFFECT THE ECONOMY.
• EVEN THOUGH IT IS CAUSED BY MULTIPLE THINGS, THERE ARE MULTIPLE
WAYS TO PREVENT IT AND TREAT IT
• WATER IS AN IMPORTANT RESOURCE THAT NEEDS TO BE TAKEN CARE OF AND
TREASURED. IF WE DO NOT, WE WILL LOSE OUR MOST VALUABLE RESOURCE.