1. SIMULATION
Reporters:
Lepasana, Annabelle
Rojas, Xandra

2. Definition:
It is a representation of a
manageable, real event in
which the learner is an active
participant engaged in learning
a behavior or in applying
previously acquired skills or
knowledge.

3. Guidelines:
• need not have a winner.
• applied to the study of issues rather
than process.
• we use simulation to make our
classes interactive and to develop
the decision-making skills and
knowledge construction skills.

4. 10 GENERAL PURPOSES OF
SIMULATION IN
EDUCATION
1. To develop changes in attitudes
2. To change specific behavior
3. To prepare participants for assuming
new roles in the future
4. To help individuals understand their
current roles

5. 5. To increase the students’ ability to apply
principles
6. To reduce complex problems or situation
to manageable elements
7. To illustrate roles that may affect one’s life
but that one may never assume
8. To motivate learners
9. To develop analytical processes
10. To sensitize individuals to another
person’s life role.

6. ADVANTAGES:

7. •Simulations engage the
learners by thrusting them
into the learning experience.
These kinds of interactions
actively engage learners to
analyze, synthesize, organize,
and evaluate content and
result in learners
constructing their own
knowledge. The following
section looks at the

8. • Allow Learners to Learn by Doing
• Allow Learners to Practice Tasks That Might
Otherwise Be Too Expensive, Dangerous, or
Impractical
• Engage Learners in Active Exploration and
Learning
• Simplify Complex Concepts, Processes, and
Situations
• Motivate Learners
• Set the Stage for Future Learning and Provide
Practice and an Opportunity for Knowledge
Integration

9. DISADVANTAGES:

10. • Simulations Can Result in Inefficient and
Ineffective Learning Behavior
• Simulations Can Be Difficult to Design
• Simulations May Oversimplify
• In simulations for Software Applications, it
Can Be Difficult to Find Realistic and
Meaningful Activities
• Simulations Are Expensive to Develop
• Simulations Can Be Technically Challenging
to Distribute

11. ROLE OF THE TEACHER
1. To raise ones consciousness
about the concept and
principles underpinning the
simulations and their own
reactions.

12. 2. He/She assumes assistance functions
such as:
– Explaining- learners should understand
the rules and understand the implications
of each move.
– Refereeing- teacher should control
students participation to be sure that
these benefits are realized.
– Coaching – gives advise to enable them to
play better.
– Discussing-leads the students in
discussing how closely the game simulates
the real world.

13. FOUR BASIC GROUPING
OPTIONS WE CAN USE IN
SIMULATIONS
• Individuals in Large Groups
Put students in evenly numbered
rows with boys and girls in alternate rows
(as much as possible). This arrangement
is used when all students are having a
common learning activity such as a lecture
or film that likely precedes on of the
cooperative learning activities.

14. • Study Pairs
Students form these by
turning pairs of rows to face each
other. Note that in the diagram,
the pairs have some space
around them to give them the
illusion of privacy.

15. • Triads or Quads
Even rows turn to face each
other and then spread apart to
form threes and/or fours. Again,
these groups have a little space
around them to give them the
illusion of privacy.

16. • Activity Groups
Combine the trios and/or quads
into small Activity Groups of six to
eight members.

17. THREE MAIN CONCEPTS OF
SIMULATION:
(1) Students take roles which are representative of
the real world and involve them making
decisions in response to their assessment of
the situation that they have been placed in.
(2) Students experience simulated consequences
which relate to their decisions and their general
performance in the simulation.
(3) Students monitor the results of their actions
and are encouraged to reflect upon the
relationship between their own decisions and
the resulting consequences of their actions.

18. More examples in
different areas
• City and urban simulation
• Classroom of the future
• Disaster Preparedness and Simulation
Training
• Engineering, technology or process
simulation
• Space Shuttle Countdown Simulation
• Finance simulation
• Flight simulation
• Military simulations