The document discusses the process of selecting materials for engineering design. It explains that the designer must understand the materials specified by the customer and analyze the product requirements. This includes understanding the product function, intended use, manufacturing methods, and costs. The document uses examples of selecting materials for a bike frame and drink container to illustrate analyzing the product as a system and its individual components. Key factors in materials selection are the required mechanical and physical properties, manufacturability, and costs. Designers can use data sources like textbooks, datasheets, and manufacturers' literature to research materials and select appropriate options using charts comparing properties.