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Intention-Based Integration of Software Engineering Tools
1.
Inten%on‐Based Integra%on of So1ware Engineering Tools
Walid Maalej
2.
Summary
1 We found empirical evidence that poor tool integra4on is a barrier for developers’ produc4vity 2 We use developers’ inten4ons during work to group changes that are performed in different tools 3 Our inten4on‐based integra4on framework (InTi) automa4cally associates changes to their context 4 InTi increases developers’ produc4vity by saving 4me needed to retrieve informa4on and switch context © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 2
3.
Outline of the Talk
1 Mo%va%on 2 Analysis of Tool Integra%on 3 Inten%on‐Based Integra%on Framework 4 Evalua%on and Outlook © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 3
4.
Developers Use 5 Tools on Average to Work
on a Single Task Related informa4on is scaDered across different tools Ref: [Maalej, ASE 2009] © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 4
5.
A Bug Fixing Scenario
Bug report in the issue Source code in the tracker debugger API documenta%on in Clarifica%ons in the the web browser email client © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 5
6.
A Release Planning Scenario
Dependencies in a Priori%es in a modeling tool Requirements tool Schedule in a Chat with client in management tool Skype © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 6
7.
Outline
1 Mo%va%on 2 Analysis of Tool Integra%on 3 Inten%on‐Based Integra%on Framework 4 Evalua%on and Outlook © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 7
8.
Empirical Study: 800 Developers, 2.5 Years
Phase 1 Phase 2 Exploratory, Qualita%ve Explanatory, Quan%ta%ve 1 3 4 Face‐to‐face interviews to determine Field integra4on problems and needs experiments to Online survey compare to quan%fy suitability of 2 the state‐of‐ different prac4ce Analysis of project ar4facts to integra4on iden4fy current prac%ces solu4ons © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 8
9.
Requirements for Tool Integra%on
1. Support for Tools’ Heterogeneity • Homogeneous one‐tool solu4ons are unapplicable in prac4ce • Integra4on aDempts restricted to specific tools have failed • No manual explicit synchroniza4on tasks • Ar4facts are constantly changing (e.g. import/export) • Workflow is constantly interrupted • Related ar4facts should be linked automa4cally 2. Support for Change 3. Automa%c Linking © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 9
10.
Problems Encountered Due to Poor Tool
Integra%on Associate changes Retrieve and understand a to cause previous change Manual and unidirec4onal Restore past changes associa4on in text according to logical comments Changes should be criteria grouped together and linked to their Share context in context Reproduce context communica%on threads of a previous change Communica4on threads are not Context is scaDered linked to the context (e.g. across different tools, when discussed component) con4nuing postponed work © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 10
11.
How would you Logically Group Changes
Performed in Different Tools? Others By project phases By change context 6% 5% 23% By components 13% By tasks By requirements 31% 22% The more changes and interrup4ons are encountered, the more oaen tasks and context are preferred to organize informa4on Ref: [Maalej, ASE 2009] © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 11
12.
Half of So1ware Engineering Work is
not Defined in Tasks How much of your work, is explicitly (pre‐) defined in your task list? 60% 50% 48% % of Respondants 40% 30% 25% 20% 18% 10% 5% 5% %of Defined 0% Work 0 ‐ 10% 10 ‐ 30% 30 ‐ 60% 60 ‐ 90% >90% Need for automated solu4on (i.e. iden4fy and describe undefined tasks) © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 12
13.
Outline
1 Mo%va%on 2 Analysis of Tool Integra%on 3 Inten%on‐Based Integra%on Framework 4 Evalua%on and Outlook © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 13
14.
Developer’s Work: From Interac%ons to Inten%ons
Assist Colleague on ? Reusing Component C Fix Table Rendering Bug ? Interac%on Current Granularity Inten%on Task T1: Implement XML Export Session Work Session 1 Work Session 2 Work Session 3 Work Session 4 … Seman4c Read Reuse Impl. Read Bug Seek Debug Impl. Test Close … Chat … … interac4on Task Lib Class Report Info App Met App Bug h Interac4on Use Download Edit Copy Paste Open Scroll Edit Import Open Add Edit Add Step into Step into with tools Run ..Read Search .. ... Write Scroll Tool T1Library L Classpath Method b Method b Task List Task T URL URL Method a Class X URL Breakpoint Method x Method y Time © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 14
15.
Meta‐Model of Inten%on‐Based Integra%on
SE Work © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 15
16.
Func%onal Requirements of the InTi
Framework • Sessionize work Manage Inten%ons • Resume context • Describe inten4ons InTI Requirements Retrieve Organize Informa%on Informa%on • Query distributed informa4on • Automa4cally link ar4facts • Navigate related ar4facts • Annotate ar4facts with metadata © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 16
17.
Realiza%on of the InTi Framework
Func4onality Enabler • Metadata management Seman%c Web Technologies • Types of ar4facts, rela4onships… • Unified Resource Iden4fier • Advanced querying • Ontologies • Work Sessioniza%on Context Awareness • Recogni4on of related pieces of informa4on • Context elicita4on • Inten%on Descrip%on • Context aggrega4on © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 17
18.
InTi Ontologies Define the Seman%cs of
So1ware Engineering Work concerns Interac4on Ar4fact has type has type Change Tool Class Read Other interac4on and Other ar4fact Test Use Model types Email ac4vity types Debug Specify Request Method Ref: [Maalej, MSR’10] © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 18
19.
Shared Seman%cs to Annotate Context:
Developers’ Interac%ons © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 19
20.
Shared Seman%cs to Annotate Context
Developers’ Ar%facts © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 20
21.
Type Inference for Interac%ons & Ar%facts
concerns member of event SayHello HelloWord rdf:type rdf:type rdf:type Create Method Class Method concerns event HelloWord rdf:type rdf:type rdf:type Browse Report bug Bug Report Web © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 21
22.
InTI Model for Context Elicita%on © W. Maalej, July 2010
Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 22
23.
Aggrega%on and Filtering of Context
(Simplified Formula) Relevance of context The more frequent the The longer the ar4fact for a par4cular interac4on with an ar4fact, is used, the more inten4on the more relevant it is relevant it is Frequency Dura%on Relevance Age The older the interac4on with the ar4fact, the less relevant the ar4fact becomes Ref: [Maalej, RSSE 2010] © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 23
24.
Outline
1 Mo%va%on 2 Analysis of Tool Integra%on 3 Inten%on‐Based Integra%on 4 Evalua%on and Outlook © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 24
25.
Tracing Related Ar%facts from Inten%on Details
(in MacIntent) © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 25
26.
Seman%c Search for Distributed Informa%on
(in WinIntent) © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 26
27.
Empirical Evalua%on of InTi
A controlled Measure and 2 Industrial case experiment compare %me studies with with and without Bertelsmann and with 15 using InTi Equinux (3 months developers each) © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 27
28.
Conclusion: InTI Increases Produc%vity
Associate changes Retrieve and understand to cause previous changes 89% of 4me saved 72% of 4me saved A developer saves 6.3 hours in a 40h. week a produc%vity growth of 18% Share context in Reproduce context communica%on threads of previous changes 47% of 4me saved 75% of 4me saved © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 28
29.
Summary:
Problems & Proposed Solu%ons Inten4on Metadata Management & Seman4c Web Context Management Integrated Search Technologies Awareness Frequent Inefficient Manual Heterogeneity changes and seeking of informa4on of tools and workflow distributed associa4on informa4on interrup4ons informa4on InTi increases produc%vity by saving %me to retrieve informa%on and switch context © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 29
30.
For more informa%on
contact: Walid Maalej TUM maalejw@cs.tum.edu www1.in.tum.de/walidmaalej © W. Maalej, July 2010 Inten%on‐Based Tool Integra%on 30
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