By Shahid Ali Bangash

2. RADAR BASIC
Prepared by:
Shahid Ali

3. SCHEME OF PRESENTATION
 HISTORY OF RADAR
 INTRODUCTION
 FUNCTIONS
 BASIC GROUPS
 CLASSIFICATION
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4. SCHEME OF PRESENTATION
 ADVANTAGES
 DISADVANTAGES
 SUMMARY
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5. HISTORY
 Reflection of radio waves were made in the
1920s by MAXVEL and other scientists
 He forecast that reflections could be obtained
from targets
 First radar named R.D.F (radio direction finding)
 First radar installed on HMS RODENY and HMS
SHEFIELD in 1939
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6. INTRODUCION
 Radar is an electronic system that uses reflected
electro magnetic energy to detect the presence
and position of objects invisible to the eye
It stands for:
 RAdio
 Direction
 And
 Ranging
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7. FUNCTIONS
 Search
 Height finding
 Missile Guidance
 Navigation
 Mapping
 Traffic control
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8. BASIC GROUPS
 Primary
 Secondary
 Continues wave
TX
RX
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9. PRIMARY RADAR
 Primary Radars are those Radars which have
different Transmitter and Receiver unit
 Requirement of Primary radar is to measure the
range/ bearing of contact
 Measuring the time taken of radio wave
 Use single antenna
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10. SECONDARY RADAR
 Radar in which the Transmitting and
Receiving station is same
 Interrogator transmits an encoded signal to a
target
 Aircraft transmissions can trigger responses
from fixed transmitters
 Aircraft’s position may
be accurately established
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11. CLASSIFICATION
Radar system are divided into types, based on the
designed use
 Search radar
 Specific characteristics
 IFF
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12. SEARCH RADAR
 Search radar continuously scans a volume of
space and provides initial detection of all targets
within that space
 Search radar further divided into specific types:
 Surface search
 Air search
 Height finding
 Tracking
 Missile guidance
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13. SURFACE SEARCH RADAR
Surface search radar has two primary function
 Detection and determination of accurate ranges
and bearing
 Maintain of a 360 degree search pattern
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14. AIR SEARCH RADAR
 Air search radar systems initially detect and
determine the
 Position
 Course
 Speed of air target
 Used as early warning
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15. HEIGHT FINDING RADAR
 Obtaining range, bearing and altitude data
 Detecting low flying aircraft
 Tracking aircraft over land
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16. MISSILE GUIDANCE RADAR
 Radar system that provides information used
to guide a missile to a hostile target
 Beam rider missiles follow a beam of radar
energy
 Homing missiles detect and home in on radar
energy reflected from the target
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17. ADVANTAGES
 Detects objects beyond the sighting range, in
dark and in bad weather
 Provide accurate Range, Bearing, Course,
Speed and Altitude information
 Effective use for Navigation purpose
 Can identify between friend and foe
 Control the traffic in harbour, on the road and
in the Airport
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18. DISADVANTAGES
 Disclose own position
 Jamming/ interference is possible
 EM waves is danger for human body
 Very sensitive and costly equipments
 May confuse friendly EW sensors with enemy
 Not easily avaliable in international market
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20. ANY QUERY ???
PLEASE !!!

21. RE N
CA
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PI A
TU L
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C A IO
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22. ASSIGNMENT
Visit the Quid-e-Azam Air port &
observe the Radar physically?