Gr. 10 Architecture

1. Grade 10:
Architecture

2. Architecture
 Compare the following pairs
of architectural structures in
the T-charts provided on
your note.
 Consider the following:
structure, scale, materials,
interior space,
decoration (colour), rhythm,
distinctive elements (unique
pieces)
Architectural Comparisons

3. Architectural Comparisons
 Egyptian Pyramid of Cheops
(Giza 2530 B.C.)
 Greek Parthenon
(447 – 432 B.C.)

4. Architectural Comparisons
Egyptian pyramids
 Stone, covered in limestone,
and capped in gold
 Royal tombs
 Buried riches, etc. for the
afterlife
Greek Parthenon
 Temple for Athena
 Limestone foundations,
marble columns
 Golden Ratio (a mathematical
equation for measuring size)
 statue of Athena that was made
of gold and ivory
 Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian
columns

5. Architectural Comparisons
 Romanesque St. Sermin,
Toulouse, France 1080 – 1120
A.D.
 Gothic Reims Cathedral,
France 1210 A.D.

6. Architectural Comparisons
Romanesque
 grand cathedrals
 Thick stone walls
 Arches
 Groin vaults for support
 Large towers
Gothic
 Grand cathedrals
 Pointed arch (pointing to God)
 Ribbed vault
 Flying buttresses for support
 Lots of windows to let in light (Divine
inspiration)

7. Architectural Comparisons
 Joseph Paxton’s Crystal Palace,
London, UK 1851
 Walter Gropius’ Bauhaus,
Dresden, Germany 1928

8. Architectural Comparisons
Crystal Palace
Built with cast iron and
glass
New technology allowed it
to use more glass than ever
before
Didn't need lights
Built for the Great
Exhibition of 1851, an
international event to show
off new technologies of the
Industrial Revolution.
Bauhaus
A German school of crafts
and fine arts
This style influenced
Modern architecture in its
lack of ornamentation and
its harmony between the
purpose of the building and
the design.
Simple design; usefulness
was more important than
beauty.

9. Architectural Comparisons
Modernism
 Less is more! SIMPLICITY
 Focus on function
 Lots of glass and metal
(born out of the Industrial
Revolution)
 Very little ornamentation
 Smooth faced (don’t even have
window ledges)
Seagram Building, NYC, 1958

10. Architectural Comparisons
 F.L.Wright’s Falling Water, Bear
Run, PA 1936

11. Architectural Comparisons
Postmodernism
 Less is a bore!
 Return of “wit, ornament, and reference”
 Diverse styles (anything goes) – individual
expression!
 Design for its own sake (not just for function)
 New ways of viewing familiar structures
Frank Gehry, Concert Hall in L.A.
Rem Koolhaas, CCTV Building, China

12. Architectural Design
 Design your own building for whatever purpose
you want. (Keep it appropriate)
 Incorporate 2 characteristics from the
architectural periods that we’ve studied.
 Draw your building using 2 - Point
Perspective.

13. One-Point Perspective
 Creates the illusion of deep space.
 The illusion is created by using a vanishing
point & guidelines.
 Either lines are vertical or they connect to your
vanishing point.

14. One-Point Perspective: Example

15. Two-Point Perspective
 Creates the illusion of deep space that starts at a corner.
 The illusion is created by using two vanishing points &
guidelines.
 Either lines are vertical or they connect to one of your
vanishing points.
 Demo (lines on the right side  right v.p.
lines on the left side  left v.p.)

16. Two-Point Perspective: Examples
M. C. Escher www.ssheltonimages.com