2. Contents
General properties
Pathological damages FR
Free radicals and cancer
Free radicals and aging
Drugs, foods, environment and free
radicals
Latest research
11. Vitamin E
20 mg , 10 mg
Scavenger
Immune responses
Nitrites to nitrosamines
Oncogenes (H-ras and
C-myc), and proliferation
50% oral cancer risk
Breast cancer risk
12. Vitamin A
Carotenoids and
cancer risk
Strongest b-carotene
Cervix, lung and oral
cavity
Dietary antioxidants :
stomach and breast
cancer
14. Vitamin C
Vitamin C :
1) hyaluronidase
inhibitor system;
2) nitrosamines in
the GIT
3) cytochrome
P-450 system
Selenium
aerodigestive
system
15.
16. Hypertension & FRs
Nitric oxide
Antioxidants
Glutathione
Glutathione-
depleted rats
Vitamin E and C to
the rats' diet
17. Hypertension
AICR 400 and 800
gm per day
Vitamins C, E, and
b-carotene reduce :
Coronary events,
Reperfusion injury,
Platelet
aggregation,
LDL oxidation
18. Drug Choices
Univ of Florida Medical
School, statin with
ACE inhibitor,
Decrease amounts
of free radical
Oxidization of LDL
Endothelial cells
Chelating agents
Seresis Pharmaton
25. Neurological
Disorders
Antioxidants slow the
progression of certain
neurological disorders
Oxidation disorders of the
nervous system.
Vitamin C and E
Parkinson's disease
26.
27. Alzheimer
Beta-amyloid and
oxidative toxicity,
Oxidative damage to
neurons,
Increases interneuronal
calcium levels, damage
due to free radicals.
Carnosin
28. Treatment
Vitamin E
preventing or
alleviating
neurological
disorders,
Long-term Vitamin
E deficiency
progressive
neurological
syndrome
30. Melatonin
Melatonin absorbed any
route
Crosses all barriers,
Enter all parts of every cell
Preserves mitochondrial
function,
low toxicity
Blood levels low, tissue
levels higher, in bone
marrow cells and bile
31.
32. Cataract
Oxidation, ultraviolet light,
Damage to the proteins of
the lens.
The oxidized protein
precipitates out and
causes cloudiness of the
lens.
33. ….Cataract
Antioxidants and
antioxidant enzymes,
remove the damaged
portion, but the oxidation
occurs at a faster rate
With time, the damage
becomes irreversible
34.
35. Maculopathy
Exposure to light, blue light,
Age-related macular
degeneration
Vitamin E
Carotenoids are said to
decrease the risk of this
disorder
36. Latest Uses
Polymer, in pig sperm,
enhance the lifespan
of human sperm in
fertility treatments
Hybrid protein
recognizes a molecule
on the sperm's
surface and the
antioxidant vitamin E.
Pig sperm live longer
than untreated cells,
37.
38.
39. Glutamate
Glutamate hippocampal cells
of glutathione, incapable to
reduce reactive oxygen
species in cell death by
oxidative stress.
cells resistant to glutamate
increased phosphorylation of
(CREB) and decreased ERK1/2
40. Glutamate
Increase in mRNA for
receptors activated by the
vasoactive intestinal
peptide VIP and glutamate
like the metabotropic
glutamate receptor mGlu 1
Treating cells with VIP and
glutamate led to the same
changes in protein
phosphorylation observed in
resistant cells and induced
the proto-oncogene Bcl-2.
41. Glutamate
Bcl-2 overexpression protected
by increasing the amount of
intracellular glutathione and Bcl-
2 knockdown by small interfering
RNAs (siRNA) increased
glutamate susceptibility of
resistant cells.
Other receptors upregulated in
this paradigm might represent
useful targets in the treatment of
neurological diseases associated
with oxidative stress.
42. TBI and FRs
Overactivation of ERK secondary
cell death mechanisms in TBI.
Fre radical scavenger S-PBN
Neuroprotective properties in TBI
Attenuates the early activation of
ERK
Resulted in less activation of
caspase-3
Subsequent DNA fragmentation
U0126 cortical atrophy at 2 weeks
after trauma
43. Oxygenation therapy
Disease is caused by
absence of oxygen
"good energy"
metabolism,
detoxification, and
immune system function
Oxygen therapies
"good" energy, to
"detoxify" metabolic
poisons, and to kill
invading organisms.
44. What's The Latest ?
ROS mtDNA UV human hepatoma cell
Alteres the ROS by MnSOD / catalase
Results accumulation of hydrogen
peroxide oxidative damage to mtDNA of
UV-irradiated cells, and overexpression
of both MnSOD and catalase reduces the
mtDNA damage and blocks the growth
inhibition by UV.
Increased activity of MnSOD may lead to
a toxic effect on mtDNA by UV-
irradiation.
46. Bibliography
NCBI pubmed
Ignata connect
Science daily
Grays cancer institution
American institution for cancer
research
Univ. Florida
Life extension magazine
Net sources