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CHINAWAT YAPWATTANAPHUN
Laboratory of Pomology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.

2. Tropical
Contents
fruits
1
Introduction to Thailand
2
Important Tropical Fruit Crops
3
Utilization of mangosteen
4
Phylogenetic relationships of mangosteen
5
Plant regenerate from seed segments
of mangosteen

3. Kingdom of Thailand
Tropical
fruits
Location: Thailand is situated in the
heart of the Southeast Asian mainland,
covering an area of 513,115 sq.km.
and extends about 1,620 kilometres
from north to south and 775 kilometres
from east to west.
Thailand borders the Lao People's
Democratic Republic and the Union of
Myanmar to the North,the Kingdom of
Cambodia and the Gulf of Thailand to
the East, the Union of Myanmar and
the Indian Ocean to the West,and
Malaysia to the south.

4. Kingdom of Thailand
Tropical
fruits
Climate: Thailand is a warm and rather
humid tropical country with monsoonal
climate. Temperatures are highest in
March and April with average temperature
of 28 degree Celsius to 38 degrees
Celsius and humidity averaging between
82.8 percent to 73 percent
Seasons: Summer: March to May,
Rainy: June to October,
Cool: November to February.
Southern part : Summer : March to May
Rainy: June to February

5. Kingdom of Thailand
Tropical
fruits
Land Utilization
Land Used
1.13%
Housing area
20.40%
Forest land
Paddy land
31.49%
8.83%
8.33%
0.36%
Unclassified
Source : DOE 20001
27.85%
1.61%
Field crops
Fruit crops
Vegetable and flowers
Other crops

6. Kingdom of Thailand
The Land of Tropical Fruits
Tropical
fruits

7. fruits
Important
Tropical Fruit Crops
Tropical

8. Tropical
“King of Tropical Fruits”
fruits
Scientific name: Durio zibethinus Murr.
Thai name: Thurian
Cultivars:
Mon Thong,
Chani, Kan Yao,
Kradum Thong

9. Tropical
Rambutan
fruits
Scientific name: Nephelium lappaceum L.
Thai name: Ngo
Cultivars:
Rong Rian,
Si Chomphu
Fruiting season:
May - September
Nutrition value: high in calcium, phosphorus, vitamin C and pectin

10. Tropical
Rambutan
fruits
Rambutan has a unique pleasant sweet flavor
Rambutan, de-seeded,
put in pineapple and
canned in syrup is very
popular among foreign
customer of canned
fruit
Thailand is the world’s
largest producer and
exporter of canned
rambutan

11. Tropical
Jackfruit
fruits
Scientific name: Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk
Thai name: Khanun
Cultivar: Thong Prasert,
Leung Bangtoey
Fruiting season:
January – May
Nutrition value: high in vitamin A, sulfur, calcium and phosphorus

12. Tropical
Pummelo
fruits
Scientific name: Citrus maxima Merr.
Thai name: Som O
Cultivar: Thong Di
Khao Nam Phueng
Fruiting season:
August - November
Nutrition value:
high in vitamins C and A

13. Tropical
Santol
fruits
Scientific name: Sandoricum koetjape Murr.
Thai name: Krathon
Cultivar: Tap Tim, I La,
Pui Fai
Fruiting season:
May - July
Nutrition value:
high in phosphorus
and vitamin C

14. Tropical
Coconut
fruits
Scientific name: Cocos nucifera L.
Thai name: Maphrao
Cultivar: Nam Hom
Nam Wan
Fruiting season:
All year round
Nutrition value:
high in calcium and
phosphorus

15. Tropical
Wax apple
fruits
Scientific name: Syzygium samarangense Merr.&Perry
Thai name: Chomphu
Cultivar: Tabtim Chan,
Thun Klao,
Phet Sai Rung
Fruiting season:
all year round
Nutrition value: high in vitamin C and phosphorus

16. Tropical
Mangosteen
fruits
Scientific name: Garcinia mangostana L.
Thai name: Mungkhut
Cultivar: Fruiting season:
May - September
Nutrition value:
high in calcium,
phosphorus, vitamin C

17. Tropical
Mangosteen
fruits
Mangosteen is a
medium tree,
with 7-12 m high,
It has a straight
trunk, symmetrically
branched to form a
conical crown.

18. Tropical
Mangosteen
fruits
Leaves are
opposite, ovate
or elliptic-oblong,
Leaves about 15 25 cm long and 611 cm wide. A leaf
is dark green
color.

19. Tropical
Mangosteen
fruits
Flower are solitary.
There are 4 sepals
and 4 petals.
Sepal is round and curve.
Petal is ovate and pink color

20. Tropical
Mangosteen
fruits
Fruit is always best
eaten when fresh. The
weight of fruits varies
between 75-120 g and
fruits contain 2-3 well
developed seed.

21. Utilization of mangosteen and related species
Tropica
l fruits

22. Tropical
Garcinia mangostana, ‘Mungkut’
fruits
Composition of mangosteen fruits (Component Per 100 g of aril)
Water
Protein (g)
Carbohydrates (g)
Citric acid (g)
Fibers (g)
Calcium (mg)
Phosphorus (mg)
Iron (mg)
Vitamin A (carotene) (IU)
Vitamin B (thiamin) (mg)
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)(mg)
Vitamin B5 (niacin) (mg)
Vitamin C (mg)
79.2
0.50
19.8
0.63
0.30
11.0
17.0
0.90
14.0
0.09
0.06
0.10
66.0

23. Tropical
Garcinia mangostana, ‘Mungkut’
fruits
The fruit rind of
mangosteen is
also used as the
ingredient of
soap, shampoo
and conditioner.
The fresh fruit
are used in
icecream as a
flavor

24. Phylogenetic relationship of mangosteen and several wild
Tropical relatives revealed by ITS sequence data
fruits

25. Tropical
Materials and methods
fruits
DNA extraction
DNA purification
Amplification ITS regions
Sequencing
Alignment
Phylogenetic Analysis

26. Tropical
fruits
Synonym
Consensus tree

27. Tropical
fruits
Strict consensus tree
Neighbor-joining tree

28. Plant Regeneration from Seed Segments
of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)
n
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29. Tropical
Mangosteen seed
fruits
2003

30. Tropical
Acknowledgements
fruits
JSPS
Kyoto University

31. n
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