9. Civil Rights in Historical Context From www.oneonta.edu (left) and www.costumes.org (right)
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18. Southern Resistance Many political leaders in the South resisted attempts at desegregation. From www. Search.com
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20. African-Americans and Civil Rights De Jure Segregation Segregation and discrimination mandated by state and local laws De Facto Segregation Segregation and discrimination enforced through informal and semi-formal norms and practices
21. Affirmative Action Affirmative Action Remedial preferences provided to people in university admissions, employment, and government contracts Affirmative Action is called reverse discrimination by opponents
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24. Affirmative Action 49 percent of white respondents think that affirmative action has gone too far, while 79 percent of minority respondents think that it is still needed. What are some of the consequences that these polarized views can result in?
25. Affirmative Racial Gerrymandering Following the 1990 census, the Department of Justice pressed southern legislatures to draw as many districts as possible in which minorities would constitute a majority of the electorate Affirmative Racial Gerrymandering in North Carolina
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