1. ÒdmVßÕ`dra gmdaH$a
‡. J. ghÚ~w’o
_yÎ` Mmirg> Èn`o

2. ‡H$meH$ : {_qbX b. namßOno
¡`moÀÒZm ‡H$meZ, Ydb{Jar, 430-431 e{Zdma noR>, nwUo 411030
_w~B© Am∞{$g : _mohZ {~pÎS>J, 162 O. eßH$aeoQ> _mJ©, {JaJmd, _w~B© 400004
ß ® ß
© ¡`moÀÒZm ‡H$meZ, 1966
n{hbr Amd•Œmr : Am∞äQ>m~a 1966
o
nwZ_w–U : 1976, 1981, 1985, 1987, 1990, 1992,
©
1996, 1998, 2001, 2004
X˛gar Amd•Œmr : 2011
_w–H$ : `w{ZH$ Am∞$goQ>, ZËhoJmd, nwUo 411041
ISBN 978-81-7925-239-0

3. Ö EH$ Ö
´$m›g Xoem¿`m _mg}{bg ~ßXamVrb JmoÔ>. {X. 8 Owb° 1910 `m
{Xder gH$mir CJdÀ`m gy`m©Zo EH$ AX≤^V —Ì` nm{hbo. À`m ~ßXamV
w
EH$ AmJ~moQ> C^r hmoVr. ~moQ> WmoS>rer {~KSbr hmoVr. À`m_wio
~moQ>rdaMo dmVmdaU emßV hmoV. ~moQ>rdaMo CVmÍ$ Am{U H$m_ H$aUmao
o
Amigmdbo hmoVo.
VmoM ""nH$S>m nH$S>m, H°$Xr nimbm!'' Aer EH$M hmH$mQ>r gwÍ$
Pmbr. ""Vmo nhm, Vmo Mmbbm Amho,'' Ago ÂhUyZ EH$m A{YH$mË`mZo
nm `mV CS>r _mabr. Am¸`©M{H$V hmoD$Z gd© OU À`m {XeoH$S>o nmhˇ
bmJbo.
H°$Xr nmUr H$mnV hmoVm, gn gn hmV _maV nwT>o nwT>o OmV hmoVm.
À`mMo AßJ IaMQ>bo hmoV, a∫$mibo hmoV. g_w–mMo nmUr Iyn Pm|~V
o o
hmoV. nU À`mbm À`mMr ndm© ZÏhVr. eodQ>r EH$XmMm {H$Zmam Ambm.
o
nU, "Aao! hm Va C^m gwiH$m! hm MT>m`Mm? WmoS>o À`m ~mOybm
OmD$ `m.'
nw›hm Vmo H°$Xr nmohˇ bmJbm. Yää`mMm hm ^mJhr AJXr gaiM
~mßYbobm hmoVm, Var H°$Xr À`mdÍ$Z MTy> bmJbm. EIm⁄m
Òdm. gmdaH$a / 3

4. KmoanS>rgmaIm Vmo Vr q^V MT>bm. Vmo AmVm ´$m›g¿`m {H$ZmË`mda
Ambm hmoVm. À`mZo EH$Xm _mJo diyZ nm{hbo. Vo nmR>bmJ H$aUmao
Odi `oV hmoV. À`mZo {dMma Ho$bm, AmVm BWo Wmß~Z Cn`moJ Zmhr. Vmo
o y
niV gwQ>bm.
nmR>bmJ H$aUmaohr {H$ZmË`mda Ambo. Vohr À`m¿`m_mJo Ymdy
bmJbo. Vm|S>mZo AmoaSy> bmJbo ç
""Mmoa! Mmoa! Yam, nH$S>m!''
H°$Xr nwT>o niV hmoVm. VmoM À`m H°$⁄mbm EH$ ´$| M {enmB© {Xgbm;
Am{U À`mbm AmZßX Pmbm. "Vo nmR>bmJ H$aUmao H$moUr A{YH$mar
AgVrb Va Vo À`mß¿`m ~moQ>rda, qH$dm À`mß¿`m BßΩbßS> XoemV. `oWo
´$m›g¿`m O{_Zrda Vo ZwgVo naXoer hmoV. VoÏhm ´$| M {enm`mßg_moa Vo
o
H$mhr EH$ JS>~S> H$Í$ eH$Uma ZmhrV... AmnÎ`mbm naV ZoD$
eH$Uma ZmhrV, `m {dMmamZo À`m VoOÒdr VÈU H°$⁄mbm ~ao dmQ>b. o
...Am{U Vmo g_moa {XgUmË`m ´$| M {enm`mOdi Jobm Am{U À`mbm
ÂhUmbm, ""_bm nmobrg Mm°H$sda KoD$Z Mb.''
VodT>ÁmV nmR>bmJ H$aUmaohr VoWo nmohmoMbo. "Xm_ H$ar H$m_' hr
ÂhU À`mßZm MmßJbr _mhrV hmoVr. À`mßZr À`m ´$| M {enm`m¿`m hmVmda
n°emßMr {nedr AmoVbr. ´$| M {enmB© À`mßZm de Pmbm. H°$⁄mbm À`m
{VKm X°À`mßZr AmnÎ`m Vm„`mV KoVbo Am{U AmoT>V $a$Q>V KoD$Z
OmD$ bmJbo.
MmbVm MmbVm nhmaoH$Ë`mZo À`mbm EH$ R>mgm _mabm Am{U
o
ÂhQ>b, ""niyZ OmV hmoVmg H$m`? Vwbm AmVm gS>H$y Z H$mT>Vmo Am{U
o
ViKamV S>m~Vmo.'' Ago ÂhUyZ À`mZo nw›hm hmV CMbbm. nU Vmo VÈU
ß
H°$Xr MdVmiboÎ`m qghmgmaIm Cgibm Am{U ÂhUmbm, ""hmß,
I~aXma _mamb{~amb Va! AmÂhr Va VihmVmda {ea KoD$ZM KÍ$Z
4 / Òdm. gmdaH$a

5. {ZKmbmo AmhmoV! VwÂhr _mà gmß^mim! VerM doi Ambr Va
Vw_¿`mn°H$s EH$mMm Var _r Z∏$sM ‡mU KoBZ!''
©
À`mMr AmJ AmoH$Umar ZOa Am{U ~mob `mVbr Yma nmhˇZ Vo
BßJO A{YH$mar MmßJboM Mnmnbo. À`mß¿`mn°H$s EH$ OU hiyM
´
X˛gË`mbm H$mZmV ÂhUmbm, ""~m~mao, ZgÀ`m ^mZJS>r CH$Í$Z H$mTy>
ZH$mog. hm ÂhUOo gmYmaU _mUyg Zmhr. hm H´$mß{VH$maH$mßMm amOm
Amho. `mZo AmUIr `w∫$s bT>{dbr Va Amnbr Ho$dT>r nßMmB©V hmoBb! ©
XodmZo H•$nm Ho$br ÂhUyZM hm AmnÎ`mbm gmnS>bm. ZmhrVa
{ZgQ>bmM hmoVm. nU AmVm À`mbm {S>dMy ZH$mogç''
H°$Xr ~moQ>rda Ambm. À`mbm ViKamV nw›hm H$m|S>bo Job. À`mMm
o
‡`ÀZ $gbm. À`mbm nwT>o dfm©Zdf} H$Ô>mV H$mT>mdr bmJbr. nU
w
Varhr À`m gmhgm_wio À`mMo Zmd OJ^a JmObo.
^maVmMo X˛ÖI OJm¿`m doerda Q>mJbo Job. ^maV {OdßV Amho,
ß o
ho OJmV H$ibo. gigiÀ`m a∫$mMo VÈU ^maVdfm©V AmhoV, ho
OJmbm H$ibo. Aer Vr gmhgr CS>r _maUmË`m VoOÒdr VÈUmMo Zmd
hmoVo,
{dZm`H$ Xm_moXa gmdaH$a!
Ö XmoZ Ö
Zm{eH$ {OίmV XmaUm ZXr¿`m {H$ZmË`mda ^Jya ZmdmMo
bhmZgo Jmd Amho. gmdaH$a `m ^JyaMo amhUmao. ho KamUo _yiMo
H$moH$UmVbo. XmoZeo dfm™ndu Vo Xoemda Ambo. noeÏ`mß¿`m H$mimV
y
{d¤Vm Am{U namH´$_ XmIdyZ `m Kam `mVrb nwÈfmßZr bhmZ_moR>r
O~m~XmarMr H$m_o Ho$br hmoVr. ^JyaOdi ZXrnbrH$S>o Agbobo
Òdm. gmdaH$a / 5

6. amh˛ar Jmd gmdaH$a Kam `mbm BZm_ {_imbobo hmoV. o
`m Kam `mV _hmXod Am{U Xm_moXa ZmdmMo XmoZ ^mD$ hmoV. o
_hmXod _moR>o hmoV. À`mßZm ~mnyH$mH$m ÂhUV. _hmXod Am{U Xm_moXa
o
`mßMo AmngmßV nQ>V Zgo. Vo {Za{Zamio amhV AgV.
Xm_moXanßV gmdaH$a _∞{Q¥>H$n`™V {eH$bo hmoV. À`m JmdmV BßJOr
o ´
{ejU KoVbobo Vo EH$Q>M hmoV. À`mßZm dmMZmMr $ma AmdS> hmoVr.
o o
JmdmVrb _ßS>ir À`mßZm $ma _mZ XoV. Vr À`mß¿`m Kar O_V.
Xm_moXanßV À`mßZm dV©_mZnÃo dmMyZ XmIdV. OJmVÎ`m KS>m_moS>r
g_OmdyZ gmßJV. Xm_moXanßVmßZm ZwgVm dmMZmMmM N>X ZÏhVm, Va Vo
ß
H${dVmhr H$aV.
Xm_moXanßVmßMo bæ bhmZnUrM Pmbobo hmoV. À`mß¿`m nÀZrMo
o
Zmd hmoVo amYm~mB©. Vr H$moR>y a¿`m _ZmohamßMr _wbJr. Vr gwerb d
‡o_i hmoVr. {VMo H$m_ Òd¿N>, Q>mn{Q>nrMo Ago. AS>rAS>MUrbm Vr
gJ˘`mßZm _XV H$aV Ago. {VMo Í$n gwXa hmoV. Xm_moXanßVmßMm gßgma
ß o
Vgm MmßJbm Mmbbm hmoVm; nU EH$ X˛ÖI hmoV. À`mßZm _yb~mi
o
ZÏhVo. XmoZ _wbo Pmbr hmoVr, Vr bdH$aM XodmKar Jobr. nwT>o
amYm~mB™Zr H$mhr d´Vo Ho$br. {deofVÖ AÔ>^Om XodrMr ^∫$s Ho$br.
w
À`mZßVa À`mßZm Mma _wbo Pmbr. JUoe D$©$ ~m~m `mMm O›_ {X. 13
OyZ 1879 amoOr Pmbm. X˛gam {dZm`H$ D$©$ VmÀ`m. `mMm O›_
{X. 28 _o 1883 `m {Xder Pmbm. {Vgar _°Zm C©$ _mB©. {VMm O›_
1887_‹`o Pmbm Am{U gdm™V bhmZ Zmam`U D$©$ ~mi. À`mMm
O›_ 1890 _Ybm. Xodr¿`m H•$noZo À`mßZm hr _wbo bm^br Ago
amYm~mB© g_OV.
{Xdg Am{U amà AmirnmirZo `oVmV Am{U OmVmV.
gwIX˛ÖImMr OmoS>rhr EH$m_mJmo_mJ {$aV AgVo, gmdaH$amß¿`m
6 / Òdm. gmdaH$a

7. KamVhr VgoM Pmbo. _wbo Ambr Am{U AmB© Jobr. 1892_‹`o
amYm~mB© dmaÎ`m. JUoe hm dS>rb _wbJm À`m doir Voam dfm™Mm hmoVm,
{dZm`H$ ZD$ dfm™Mm hmoVm, _°Zm nmM dfm™Mr hmoVr Am{U Zmam`U
XmoZ dfm™Mm hmoVm. _wbo CKS>r nS>br. EH$ gwIr Ka {dgH$Q>b. o
amYm~mB™¿`m _•À`y_io Xm_moXanßVmßg $ma X˛ÖI Pmbo. Vo ÂhUV,
w
""Vr gmjmV b˙_r hmoVr. Vr Jobr Am{U {V¿`m~amo~a `m KamVrb
gJio gwI Job. AmVm `m KamV amhUohr ZH$mo!''
o
IamoIaM À`mßZr Amnbo OwZo Ka gmoS>b. eoOmarM ~mßYboÎ`m
o
ZÏ`m KamV _wbmßZm KoD$Z Vo amhˇ bmJbo. AmB©¿`m _m`oZo Vo _wbmßMm
gmß^mi H$Í$ bmJbo. À`mßMm A‰`mg KoD$ bmJbo. MmßJÎ`m H${dVm
g_OmdyZ gmßJy bmJbo. {dZm`H$mbm H$mÏ`mMr JmoS>r À`m¿`m
dS>bmßZrM bmdbr.
{dZm`H$mbm AZoH$ {_Ã hmoV. Vmo gJ˘`mßMm AmdS>Vm hmoVm.
o
À`m ~mbd`mV Vmo H${dVm {bhrV Ago. Jmonmi XogmB© ZmdmMm À`mMm
EH$ dJ©~Yy hmoVm; À`mMo Aja gwXa hmoV. EH$m MmßJÎ`m dhrV
ß ß o
{dZm`H$m¿`m H${dVm hm XogmB© _moR>Ám H$miOrZo {bhˇZ R>dr. o
naewam_ qenr, amOmam_ qenr ho Va Ogo H$mhr {dZm`H$mMo ^∫$M
hmoV. Vo _moR>Ám AmXamZo {dZm`H$m¿`m H${dVm nmR> H$aV.
o
hr gJir _ßS>ir ZwgVr KamV ~gyZ dmMZ-boIZ H$aUmar
ZÏhVr. Vr _wbo AmImS>ÁmV OmV AgV. ZXrda nmohm`bm OmV
AgV. dmidßQ>mV IoiV AgV. AmngmßV XmoZ JQ> nmSyZ bT>mB©Mm
Ioi IoiUo À`mßZm $ma AmdS>. H´$mß{Vdra dmgwXd ~idßV $S>ä`mß¿`m
o o
JmoÔ>r Vr _Z bmdyZ EoH$V Am{U EH$_oH$mßZm IwbdyZ gmßJV.
Òdm. gmdaH$a / 7

8. Ö VrZ Ö
Xm_moXanßVmßZm gm{hÀ`mMr JmoS>r hmoVr. Vo {dZm`H$mbm _moR>Ám
‡o_mZo ZdrZ ZdrZ nwÒVHo$ AmUyZ XoV. nwÒVH$ {_imbo H$s {dZm`H$
VhmZ^yH$XoIrb {dgÍ$Z OmB©. MmßJbo MmßJbo CVmao Vmo Vm|S>nmR> H$aV
Ago. À`m ~mbd`mV _moamonVmß¿`m eoH$S>mo Am`m© Vmo YS>mYS> ÂhUyZ
ß
XmIdV Ago. am_m`U-_hm^maVmVrb gJ˘`m bhmZ_moR>Ám JmoÔ>r
À`mbm _mhrV hmoÀ`m. {dÓUwnV {MniyUH$amßMr gßnU© {Z~ßY_mbm
ß y
À`mZo dmMbr hmoVr.
H$Wm, H${dVm, B{Vhmg, {Z~ßY Am{X gJ˘`m {df`mßMr nwÒVHo$
Vmo AmdS>rZo dmMV Ago. À`m¿`m _Zmbm H$moUVrhr nwÒVHo$ Èj dmQ>V
ZgV. À`m¿`m ~w’rbm H$moUVmhr {df` H$R>rU dmQ>V Zgo.
{dZm`H$m¿`m dmMZmMm Agm gnmQ>m Mmby AgVm, EH$Xm À`m¿`m
hmVmV Ama `Ho$ Ambr. OJ‡{g’ J´W Vo! ß
{dZm`H$mZo bmJbrM À`mßMo dmMZ gwÍ$ Ho$bo. À`mVrb CŒm_
{dMmamßZr Am{U JmoS> e„XaMZoZo {dZm`H$mbm AJXr _mohZ Q>mH$bo.
ˇ
À`mMo IoiUo, {$aUo ~ßX Pmbo. VrZVrZXm hmH$m _mamÏ`m VoÏhm Hw$R>o
Vmo Oodm-Im`bm `m`Mm. Mma {Xdg Pmbo, Ago Mmby hmoV. o
Xm_moXanßVmßZm _moR>o Hw$Vyhb dmQ>b. hm EdT>o dmMVmo Amho Var H$m`,
o
ÂhUyZ À`mßZr {dZm`H$m¿`m hmVmVrb nwÒVH$ KoD$Z nm{hbo, Vo hmoVo
"Ama `H$'!
À`mß¿`m AßVÖH$aUmV Ma©a© Pmbo. AmnÎ`m `oWo Aer g_OyV
Amho H$s, Ama `Ho$ KamV dmMUo MmßJbo ZgVo. Vr Aa `mV {b{hbr
Jobr Am{U Aa `mVM dmMm`Mr. naßVw {dZm`H$mZo Vr KamVM
dmMbr.
8 / Òdm. gmdaH$a

9. Vo nmhˇZ Xm_moXanßVmß¿`m _ZmV {dMma Ambm, "Aaoa! _m¬`m
o
KamMo Aa `M hmoUma H$s H$m`!.. ^aÎ`m gßgmamVyZ ~m`H$mo {ZKyZ
Jobr Am{U AmVm hm _wbJm Ama `Ho$ dmMVmo Amho! nwT>o H$m` hmoUma
Amho H$moU OmUo!' À`mß¿`m S>m˘`mßV nmUr Vaibo.
o
Ö Mma Ö
Ûr{edm` Kambm KanU `oV Zmhr. Xm_moXanßVmßZr JUoeMo bæ
H$am`Mo R>adbo. À`m¿`mgmR>r Vo _wbr nmhˇ bmJbo. Õ`ß~Ho$úa `oWrb
ZmZmamd $S>H$o `mßMr nwVUr ngßV H$a `mV Ambr. 1896¿`m
o$~´dmar_‹`o Õ`ß~Ho$úabm ho bæ Pmbo. gwZMo Zmd `emoXm R>d `mV
w o o
Ambo. hrM `emoXm "`ogd{hZr' ÂhUyZ ‡{g’ Pmbr. `ogd{hZr
y y
AJXr emßV Òd^mdm¿`m hmoÀ`m. Iyn H$Ô>miy, ‡o_i Am{U IoiH$a
hmoÀ`m. `ogd{hZt¿`m Í$nmZo bhmZΩ`m Zmam`Umbm AmB© bm^br.
y
doirM H$mZ YaUmar, Va ‡gßJr JmoS> ~mobZ g_OmdUmar ~hrU
y
Am{U _°ÃrU {dZm`H$mbm bm^br. JUoebm gd© ‡H$ma¿`m
n[apÒWVrV YramZo gmW XoUmar nÀZr bm^br. Xm_moXanßVmßZm Z_´,
godmVÀna gyZ bm^br.
`ogd{hZr gmdaH$amß¿`m KamV Ambr. OUy gwXa Mmo$H$ir
y ß
`kHw$ß S>mda dmh `mV Ambr. `ogd{hZr gmpŒdH$ hmoVr, ÒZoherb
y
hmoVr. ÒZohmZo Aær A{YH$M ^S>H$Vmo. gmdaH$amßMo Ka H$m Ka hmoV?o
N>Ö! Vo ÒdmVßÕ`mMo `kHw$ß S>M hmoV! AOyZ Vo YJYJbo ZÏhVo BVHo$M.
o o
`ogd{hZr ÂhUOo `kHw$ß S>mV AmoVbobr JmB©¿`m ew’ VwnmMr YmaM
y
OUy!
`ogd{hZrMo gJio OrdZ H$Ô>mV Am{U hmbAnoÔ>mV Job.
y ß ß o
Òdm. gmdaH$a / 9

10. A_wH$ EH$ ‡H$maMm Ãmg {Vbm ghZ H$amdm bmJbm Zmhr Ago H$mhr
ÂhUVm `oUma Zmhr. Xm[a–Á, n{V{dah, ZmVodmBH$mßMr KmbyZnmSy>Z
~mobUr, gm_m{OH$ N>i, AdhobZm, Cnhmg, gaH$maMo IQ>b, o
YmH$XnQ>em, AßJmda YS> H$nS>o ZgUo, amhm`bm OmJm ZgUo,
Im `mMr ^´mV nS>Uo ç AmnÎ`m OrdZmV ho gJio ‡H$ma `ogd{hZrZo
ß y
nm{hbo. YraJß^ranUo {VZo gd© ‡gßJmßZm Vm|S> {Xbo. Vr IMbr ZmhrM
CbQ> BVamßZmhr {VZo Y°`© {Xbo, Òy$Vu {Xbr, ‹`o`dmX {eH$dbm
ÂhUyZM {dZm`H$ `ogd{hZrbm H$Yrhr {dgabm Zmhr.
y
Ö nmM Ö
JUoebm gJio OU ~m~m ÂhUV AgV. {dZm`H$mbm VmÀ`m
Am{U Zmam`Umbm ~mi Aer Q>mnUZmdo hmoVr. BßJOr {ejUmgmR>r
o ´
~m~m Zm{eH$bm amhV hmoV. ^Jya¿`m emioVrb VmÀ`mMo {ejU
o
gßnÎ`mda Xm_moXanßVmßZr df©-XrS> df} À`mbm KarM R>dbo. nU
o
À`mMm hˇS>nUm $maM dmT>bm. eodQ>r À`mßZr R>adbo, `mbm emioV
AS>H$dbo nm{hOo. À`m‡_mUo EH$ {Xdg Vo VmÀ`mbm Zm{eH$bm KoD$Z
Jobo Am{U À`mßZr À`mbm ~m~mß¿`m ÒdmYrZ Ho$bm.
~m~mßZm ¯m AmnÎ`m ^mdm~‘b A{Ve` ‡o_ dmQ>. hm H$moUrVar
o
_moR>m hmoUma Ago À`mßZm EH$gmaIo dmQ>V Ago. Vo VmÀ`m¿`m gJ˘`m
JmoÔ>tMr A{Ve` H$miOr KoV. Vo À`mbm AJXr w$bmgmaIo OnV.
À`m¿`m Im `m{n `mMr CŒm_ Ï`dÒWm R>dV. {dZm`H$ AmImS>ÁmV
o
OmD$ bmJÎ`m~amo~a ~m~mßZr À`m¿`mgmR>r nm°{Ô>H$ Im⁄mMr {deof
Ï`dÒWm Ho$br. Zm{eH$bm AmÎ`mda gwÈdmVrbm VmÀ`mbm {deof
{_Ã ZÏhVo. emim, AmImS>m Am{U Cabobm gJim doi dmMZ, Agm
10 / Òdm. gmdaH$a

11. À`mMm H$m`©H$´ _ Ago. ~m~mßMo {_Ã ~m~mßH$S>o `oV VoÏhm À`mßZm hm bhmZ
_wbJm dmMZmV JT>bbm {Xgm`Mm. Vo À`m~‘b À`mbm {MS>dy
o
bmJbo. nwÒVH$mVrb {H$S>m ÂhUy bmJbo. W≈>m{dZmoX H$aVm H$aVm
A{YH$ ~mobUo-~gUo hmoD$ bmJbo Am{U _J {dZm`H$mMr Iar
AmoiI À`mßZm nQy> bmJbr. hiyhiy Vo EH$_oH$mßZm ÂhUy bmJbo, "hm
_wbJm ZwgVoM dmMV Zmhr; dmMbobo g_OyZ KoVmo, bjmV R>dVmo o
Am{U AZoH$ lo> VŒdo ÒdVÖ¿`m OrdZmV AmU `mMr YS>nS> H$aVmo.
`m _wbm¿`m R>m`r H$mhrVar AgmYmaU VoO Amho!' WmoS>ÁmM {XdgmßV
Vo VoO Kam~mhoahr ‡H$Q> hmoD$ bmJbo.
{dZm`H$ ZddrV AgVmZmMr hr JmoÔ> Amho. Zm{eH$bm EH$
^mfUÒnYm© Pmbr. {dZm`H$mZo VrV ^mJ KoVbm Am{U n{hÎ`m
H´$_mßH$mMo ~jrg {_idbo. À`mMo ~mobUo EoH$y Z gd© _ßS>ir M{H$V
Pmbr. Vr EH$_oH$mßZm ÂhUy bmJbr, "H$m` doJ! Ho$dT>m Amdoe! {H$Vr
VH©$ew’ aMZm Am{U ‡À`oH$ dmä`mMo CÉmaU H$go YmaXma hmoV! o
EHo$H$ e„X AJXr AßVÖH$aUmMm R>md KoV hmoVm. AmnU AZoH$mßMr
^mfUo EoH$br nU ~mob `mMm Agm PnmQ>m H$Yr nm{hbm ZÏhVm
~wdm! Am{U d` {H$Vr H$modio! IamoIa ho nmUr H$mhr {ZamioM
Amho!'
Òdm. gmdaH$a / 11

12. Ö ghm Ö
‡MßS> KS>m_moS>tMm Vmo H$mi hmoVm. XoemVrb dmVmdaU amoO
~XbV hmoV, amoO VmnV hmoV, ^maVm¿`m _mZJwQ>rbm BßJOmßMo am¡`
o o ´
AJXr K≈> ~gbo hmoV. ZwgVo am¡` H$a `mZo À`mßMo OUy g_mYmZ hmoV
o
ZÏhVo. BWÎ`m bmoH$mßZm {MS>dmdo, bmOdmdo Ago À`mßZm dmQ>V hmoV. o
1897_‹`o pÏhäQ>mo[a`m amUr¿`m am¡`mamohUmMm hraH$_hmoÀgd
OJ^a gmOam H$a `mMo À`mßZr R>adbo. ^maVmVhr À`mMr `moOZm
Pmbr.
À`m H$mir ^maVmV flboJ ZmdmMm ^`ßH$a amoJ qYJmUm KmbV
hmoVm. KamoKa bmoH$ _aV hmoV. Jmdo Amog nS>V hmoVr. flboJ¿`m
o
_XVrbm X˛ÓH$mi Ambm hmoVm. bmoH$mßMr AfimfiXem Pmbr hmoVr
Am{U gaH$mar A{YH$mar CÀgd gmOam H$a `mgmR>r bmoH$mßH$Sy>Z n°go
dgyb H$aV hmoV. {XdmirgmaIo {Xdo OmiV hmoV, _oOdm›`m PmoS>V
o o
hmoV; OZVo¿`m AZßV OI_mßda OmUyZ~wOZ _rR> MmoiV hmoV.
o y o
VoOÒdr Xoe^∫$ VÈUmßZm ho ghZ Pmbo Zmhr. À`mß¿`m
AßVÖH$aUmV H´$moYmMo {ZImao w$by bmJbo, Am{U Mmo$H$a ~ßY¿`mßy
Í$nmZo EH$X_ ^SH$m CS>mbm. "`mMm gyS> KoVbmM nm{hOo Am{U
AmÂhr Vmo KoUma!' Ago Mmo$H$a ~ßYZr R>adbo. À`m‡_mUo {X. 22 OyZ
ßy
1897¿`m _‹`amÃr _oOdm›`m PmoSZ `oUmË`m a∞›S>> d Am`ÒQ>©
y
Zmdm¿`m XmoKm BßJO A{YH$mË`mßMm À`mßZr dY Ho$bm.
´
bdH$aM Mmo$H$a ~ßYy nH$S>bo Job. À`mßZm $merMr {ejm
o
Xo `mV Ambr. À`mßZr dramgmaIo AmZßXmZo _•À`yMo ÒdmJV Ho$bo.
`m gJ˘`m JmoÔ>r {dZm`H$m¿`m ^mdZmerb AßVÖH$aUmV
Ii~i CS>dV hmoÀ`m. AmJ noQ>dV hmoÀ`m. À`m¿`m _ZmV dmaßdma
12 / Òdm. gmdaH$a

13. {dMma `oV hmoVm, "hmo`, Ago gJ˘`m Xoe^a Pmbo nm{hOo. Am_¿`m
Xoem¿`m `m X˛Ô> eÃyZm OmJmoOmJr R>Mbo nm{hOo! nU ho H$aUma
ß o
H$moU? Amnbm gJim g_mO X˛~im Amho, {^Ãm Amho, Amier
Am{U _yI© Amho. `m g_mOmV A{YH$ Mmo$H$a Hw$Ry>Z `oVrb?' Am{U
_J CŒma `oB, "_r! _r Vo H$m_ H$arZ! Mmo$H$amßZr noQ>dbobr _emb
©
_r {dPy XoUma Zmhr.' emioV {eH$UmË`m À`m ~mb {dZm`H$mZo
Mmo$H$amß¿`m ~{bXmZmda EH$ gwXa $Q>H$m {b{hbm. BßJO gaH$mabm
ß ´
OUy À`mßZr ~Omdbo, "X˛Ô>mZmo! H$am {H$Vr N>i H$aVm Vmo! {OVH$m
ß
VwÂhr N>i H$amb, {VVH$s À`m Xoe^∫$ h˛VmÀÂ`mßMr H$sVu dmT>b. o
_m$sMm gmjrXma Vmo –{dS> ÂhUOo H$mimHw$≈> AßYma! À`m nmú©^_rda
y
Mmo$H$amßMo `e ÂhUOo EIm⁄m VoOÒdr aÀZmgmaIo PiH$Vo Amho!'
Ö gmV Ö
Zm{eH$bm 1899_‹`o flboJZo AJXr H$ha Ho$bm. emim ~ßX
PmÎ`m. Xm_moXanßVmßZr _wbmßZm Kar AmUbo, nU WmoS>ÁmM {XdgmßV
^Jyabmhr flboJ gwÍ$ Pmbm. hm AmOmar Pmbm, Vmo AmOmar Pmbm,
Aem ~mVÂ`m `oD$ bmJÎ`m.
Xm_moXanßV _wbmßZm H$moR>o OmD$ XoV ZgV. nU ÒdVÖ _mà H$moUr
AmOmar PmÎ`mMo EoH$Î`m~amo~a À`m¿`m _XVrbm YmdV AgV. EHo$
{Xder Vo gH$mir ~mhoa nS>bo hmoVo Vo gß‹`mH$mir Kar Ambo, Am{U
Ambo Vo nm`mV flboJMr JmR> KoD$ZM Ambo. bßJS>V bßJS>V KamV
Ambo Am{U AßWÈUmV nS>b. VmnmZo eara $U$Ubo hmoV. JmR> _moR>r
o o
hmoV hmoVr. _wbo JmßJabr, Km~abr, H$idibr, aS>br, nU H$R>ma o
H$mimbm X`m Ambr Zmhr.
Òdm. gmdaH$a / 13

14. {X. 5 gflQ>~a 1899¿`m _‹`amÃr H$mimZo Xm_moXanßVmßZm ¯m
|
bmoH$mVyZ Zob. _wbo nmoaH$s Pmbr. AmB© AmYrM Jobr hmoVr. AmVm
o
dS>rbhr Job. _wbmßda AmboÎ`m `m gßH$Q>m_wio Xm_moXanßVmßMo ^mD$
o
_wbmß¿`m _XVrbm Ymdbo. À`mßZm gd© OU ~mnyH$mH$m ÂhUV.
~mnyH$mH$mßMo d Xm_moXanßVmßMo ^mßS>U hmoV. Vo EH$_oH$mßer ~mobV ZgV.
o
_wbmßda AmoT>dbobm ‡gßJ nmhˇZ ~mnyH$mH$mßMo ˆX` –dbo. Vo d°a
{dgabo. nU H$mimbm Vohr nmhdbo Zmhr. Vmo bdH$aM À`mßZmhr
CMbyZ KoD$Z Jobm. EdT>ÁmZo gßnbo Zmhr. gßH$Q>o EH$Q>r `oV ZmhrV,
EH$Xm `oD$ bmJbr H$s À`mßMr amßJ bmJVo. gJ˘`mßMm bmS>H$m
{M_wH$bm Zmam`U, Vmohr flboJZo AmOmar nS>bm. À`mbm flboJ¿`m
ÈΩUmb`mV R>d `mV Ambo. À`m¿`m godgmR>r ~m~m VoWo {Xdg^a
o o
amhV.
{Xdg^a {dZm`H$ AJXr ~oMZ Ago. ~m~mßda Va hm amoJ
°
AmH´$_U H$aUma Zmhr Zm, `m qMVoZo Vmo AJXr aS>H$ßw S>rbm `oB. ©
gß‹`mH$mir ~m~m Kar Ambo H$s À`mbm hm`go dmQ>. nU X˛gË`m o
{Xder nw›hm À`mM ^rVrMr Vbdma À`m¿`m S>mä`mda Q>mJbobr Ago.
o ß
eodQ>r ^rVr Iar R>abr. ~m~mßZmhr flboJ Pmbm; À`mßZmhr ÈΩUmb`mV
amhmdo bmJbo. VWm{n B©úamZo eodQ>r H•$nm Ho$br. ~m~m Am{U Zmam`U
XmoKhr amoJ_w∫$ Pmbo Am{U gwIÍ$n Kar Ambo.
o
14 / Òdm. gmdaH$a

15. Ö AmR> Ö
flboJ Amogabm. ~m~m gJim n[adma KoD$Z Zm{eH$bm Ambo.
{dZm`H$mMr emim gwÍ$ Pmbr. À`mMo emio~mhoaMo AZoH$ C⁄moJ gwÍ$
Pmbo. {dZm`H$ AmVm {ZdS>H$ {_Ã OmoS>y bmJbm. ~m~mß¿`m
AmOmanUmV Õ`ß~H$amd ÂhgH$a d amdOr H•$ÓU nmJo `mß¿`mer
{dZm`H$mMo {deof gª` O_bo. nmJo Am{U ÂhgH$a XmoKhr Ohmb o
{dMmamßMo hmoVo.
gmdaH$a Hw$Qw>~ Zm{eH$bm {Vi^mßS>úam¿`m JÑrV amhV hmoV.
ß o o
À`mM JÑrV H$mhr {XdgmßZr Am~m XaoH$a amhm`bm Ambm. Am~mMo
Zmd hmoVo JmoqdX. À`mMo dS>rb dmabo hmoV. À`mMr AmB© AmZßXr~mB©. Vr
o
{~Mmar _mob_Owar H$Í$Z _wbmßMm gmß^mi H$aV hmoVr. _wbJm h˛ema
hmoVm, nU EH$m {Odmda¿`m AmOmamV Vmo bwimnmßJim Pmbm. nm`mßMo
~i OUy À`m¿`m {O^oV Ambo. Vmo H${dVm H$Í$ bmJbm. S>$-VwUVwUo
dmOdy bmJbm. bmd `m Am{U nXo {bhˇ bmJbm. À`m¿`m^modVr gXm
{_Ã_ßS>itMo H$S>o Ago. {Vi^mßS>úa JÑrV amhm`bm AmÎ`mda À`mZo
o
{dZm`H$mMr H$sVu EoH$br. Mmo$H$amßda À`mZo aMbobm $Q>H$m
EoH$bm. Vmo {dZm`H$mbm ^oQ>m`bm Ambm. ^oQ>m`bm Ambm Am{U
{dZm`H$mMm {eÓ` ~Zbm, Xmg ~Zbm, AZw`m`r ~Zbm.
w$bmß¿`m ghdmgmZo _mVr gwJYr hmoVo Vgo Pmbo. {dZm`H$mer
ß
_°Ãr OS>Î`m~amo~a Am~m¿`m AßVÖH$aUmV Xoe‡o_mMr JßJm dmhˇ
bmJbr. Vmo nydu eßJm[aH$ bmd `m {bhrV hmoVm. AmVm draagmZo
•
^abobo nmodmS>o {bhˇ bmJbm. CZmS>ä`m H$aUmam Am~m gßnbm. _wbo
Jmoim H$Í$Z À`mß¿`m _Zmda Xoe^∫$sMo gßÒH$ma KS>dUmam
ÒdmVßÕ`emhra H$dr JmoqdX AmVm CX`mbm Ambm.
Òdm. gmdaH$a / 15

16. nmJo, ÂhgH$a, XaoH$a Am{X _ßS>it¿`m gmhmÊ`mZo {dZm`H$mZo
{X. 1 OmZodmar 1900 amoOr "{_Ã_oim' hr gßÒWm gwÍ$ Ho$br. JUoe
CÀgd Am{U {edO`ßVr ho XmoZ CÀgd {_Ã_oim {deof WmQ>mZo gmOao
H$ar. df©^a bhmZ_moR>r Ï`mª`mZo, d∫•$Àd ÒnYm©, dmX{ddmX BÀ`m{X
H$m`©H$´ _ hmoV AgV. gJ˘`m ehamV {_Ã_o˘`mMo CÀgd M_Hy$Z
{XgV.
"{_Ã_o˘`m'¿`m ~°R>H$s Am~m XaoH$am¿`m Kar ^aV. {VWo
H$m`©H$´ _ AmIbo OmV. JrVo, ‡hgZo aMbr OmV. ZdoZdo VÈU À`m
{Z{_ŒmmZo EH$Ã `oV AgV. À`mß¿`m AmngmßV AmoiIr hmoV AgV.
À`mßZm ZrQ> nmaIbo OmB© {Z _J À`mß¿`mn°H$s Oo `moΩ` AgVrb À`mßZm
ÒdmVßÕ`XodVo¿`m nyOogmR>r Zo `mV `oB©.
"{_Ã_oim' ÂhUOo OUy ÒdVßÃVm Xodr¿`m _ß{XamMo g^mJ•h hmoV.
o
Img ^∫$mßZmM Jm^mË`mV KoVbo OmV Ago. hm Jm^mam ÂhUOo
"amÔ¥>^∫$ g_yh' ZmdmMr Jw· gßÒWm. "{_Ã_oim' OZOmJ•VrMo ‡H$Q>
H$m_ H$aV Ago. "amÔ¥>^∫$ g_yh' BßJOmßer bT>m Xo `m¿`m Jw· `moOZm
´
AmIV Ago.
Ö ZD$ Ö
dS>rb Jobo Am{U H$mH$mhr Job. ^Jya¿`m Kambm Hw$byn bmdyZ
o
hr _wbo Zm{eH$bm `oD$Z am{hbr hmoVr. Ï`dhmamH$S>o À`mßMo bjhr
ZÏhVo. ~m~m _YyZ _YyZ Jmdr OmUo-`oUo H$aV. WmoS>m n°gm, H$mhr
Ym›` KoD$Z `oV. H$mhr {Xdg ~ao Mmbbo. nwT>o n[apÒWVr {~KS>V
Jobr. EH$ {Xdg ~mV_r Ambr H$s ^Jya¿`m KamV Mmoar Pmbr. ~m~m
Am{U VmÀ`m OmD$Z nmhVmV Va Ka AJXr [aH$m_o. bhmZ_moR>r
16 / Òdm. gmdaH$a