1. The 1923 Egyptian
Constitution
Assignment

2. Modern Egypt did not know constitution
before 1923. And the Egyptian people by
passing claim to evacuate and the
Constitution, until the British occupiers had
to cancel protection and issuing a statement
on February 28 1922 and the contents of
starting of a new era under the Constitution.
Government formed (thirty
Committee) to develop a
constitution headed by Hussin
Roshdi and so named for the
formation of thirty member
representatives of political
parties and popular leaderships
and leaders of the National
Movement and the Commission
Hussin Roshdi
was assigned to the Prime
Minister Abd El Khalik Tharwat
by the king .

3. The Constitution was issued by Royal
Decree No. 42 of 1923 on April 29, 1923.
the Constitution of 1923 is the first
constitution addressed in detail of the powers
of the king and the ministers.
And also covered the issues of rights and
public freedoms, also addressed various
issues addressed in modern constitutions,
and it calculates for the 1923 constitution
that sought to reduce the powers of the king
and strengthening the status of prime
minister, and refers to the text of the
Constitution and must be signed cabinet and A document released by the governement
the ministers concerned, for force signatures
King in state affairs (Article 60).

4.  The Constitution adopted a system
known as “The Monarchy Constitutional
Parliamentary system", and it amount of
the articles of this constitution were 170
Articles organized to put the Egyptian state
in one article, and the rights and duties of
the Egyptians on 21 articles and the king
in 24 articles and ministers in 15 articles
and the Senate on 7 articles and the
House of Representatives in 7 articles and
King Fouad inaugurates the first session
the judiciary in 7 articles and district of Parliament
councils and municipal councils and
public finances in 11 articles and the
armed forces in 3 articles and general
provisions in ten articles in addition to
final provisions and temporary .

5. T
Articles for Sources of law :
Article 149: Islam is the state’s religion and Arabic is it’s official language
Article 164: Follow in the management of the affairs of the State and in
special legislation of the date of publication of this Constitution
to the parliament the rules and procedures now. However, it
must be taken into account not contrary to the provisions of
basic principles established in this Constitution.
Article 167: The decision of all laws, decrees, orders, regulations and
decrees of the provisions and all what was promulgated or taken
by the business assets and procedures in accordance with the
conditions remain in effect, provided that the entry into force in
accordance with the principles of freedom and equality that’s
preserved by this Constitution. All of this without prejudice to
the legislative power of the right to cancel, modify within the
limits of its authority that does not represent that the principle
decision Article 27 on the non-applicability of laws of the past

6. Article 153: Law regulates the manner in which the king initiates
his authority in accordance with the principles
established in this Constitution with regard to
religious institutes and the appointment of the
religious leaders; this is managed by the Ministry of
Religious Endowments and special issues Commons
religions permitted in the country. If not are
legislative provisions continue directly this authority
in accordance with the rules and customs
established now. Keep rights handled by King
himself in his capacity as Chairman of the royal
family, as decided by the law no.25 in 1922
concerning establishing a system of royal family.

7. Egyptian Rights and Duties
(Human Rights) :
The history of Egypt with human rights is as old as
civilization, where Egypt passed many political
experiences contributed to the development of human
rights .
The Committee was comprising a
Jew, and a representative of the
child schools in Egypt, and a
Chairman of the Association
universities , So it was clear
indication of the existence of all
religious, social and cultural The thirty members of 1923 constitution
classes of people .

8. Articles Concerning Egyptian Rights and Duties
(Human Rights) :
Article 2 Egyptian nationality in prescribed by the law.
Article 3 Egyptians are equal before the law.
Article 4 Personal freedom is guaranteed.
Article 5 No one shall be arrested nor imprisoned except in accordance
with law.
Article 6 No crime and no punishment except on the law. No
punishment except on the subsequent acts for the issuance of
the law, which provides it.
Article 8 Home sanctity must not be entered except in the circumstances
set out in the law.
Article 9 Sanctity of property , no one tends property except for the
public benefit in the circumstances and for the law.

9. Article 11 It’s not allowed to divulge secrets of letters ,Telegraphs,
Telephonic transportation except in the circumstances set forth
in the law.
Article 12 Freedom of belief is absolute.
Article 13 The State protects the freedom to do ritual religions and beliefs
in accordance with established customs in Egyptian homes that
do not prejudice public order or contrary to morals.
Article 14 Freedom of opinion is guaranteed and everyone has the right to
express verbally or in writing.
Article 16 Restricting the freedom of one to use any language he wanted
in private or commercial transactions or in religious matters or
in newspapers and publications of any kind or in the general
meetings is not justified.
Article 17 Education is free unless they violate public order.
Article 19 Primary education is compulsory for Egyptian girls and boys
and free of charge in public office.

10. Distribution of powers :
On the other hand the constitution give the executive
branch represented by the king the right to interfere in
the work of parliament call for a dissolution of Parliament
and call to postpone the convening of parliament, and
resolution of the parliamentary session and resolved and
call a general election within 60 days of the solution and
this attack by King Fouad right after KingFarouk much in
use.
And remained the political life in Egypt for many years after the
issuance of the Constitution in the conflict between two wills, the
will of the king and the will of the national movement led it the
delegation Party .And there is famous incidents in history for clash,
and the scenario is repeated is that collides government majority
King, chose to dissolve parliament and dismiss the government,
and call for elections new rigged in favor of the minority parties, to
return the people to revolt against the government and then drops
the delegation's return to the rule of holding new elections

11. Distribution of Powers :
Chapter I - General Provisions
Article 23 All authorities and use of the source of the nation will be in the manner
prescribed in this Constitution.
Article 24 Legislative power is vested in the King in conjunction with the Senate
and the House of Representatives.
Article 25 No law may be issued only if the decision of the parliament and ratified
by the king.
Article 26 Laws are in force in all the country of Egypt issued by the King and
utilized this version of the publication in the Official Gazette. And
implemented in each of the points of the country of Egypt from the
time of knowing for being issued . The issued of these laws is known in
all the country of Egypt thirty days after publication. And this period
may be limited or duration of an explicit provision in those laws
Article 27 Not only under the provisions of the laws on what is the date of entry
into force. The consequent what happened befor him, unless otherwise
provided by a special provision

12. Article 28 To the king and the Senate and House of Representatives have the
right to propose laws other than in the special establishment or
increase taxes Increase proposal to the king and the House of
Representatives
Article 29 Executive power vested in the King in the limits of this Constitution.
Article 30 Judicial power shall be vested in the courts of different kinds and
degrees.
Article 31 Various court rulings issued and implemented in accordance with the
law on behalf of the king.
Chapter II - King and Minister
Section I - King
Article 32 Egyptian throne is hereditary in the family of Muhammad Ali. And
shall inherit the throne according to the system due issued on
Augest,15 ,Year 1340 (April 13 , 1922)

13. Work continued with the Constitution for
five years until it was canceled under the
Royal Order of King Fouad I, No. 142 for
the year 1935 and in December 19, 1935
which he spent the reinstatement of the
constitution of 1923.After that, the
Constitution of 1923 remained in valid
until the Revolutionary Command Council
announced in December 10, 1952
Cancellation of the constitution . Cancellation of the constitution
In any case, the 1923 Constitution has laid
the groundwork for an era of liberal
features in Egypt, and extended its impact
on society . Finally, the Constitution of 19
April 1923 ..The spiritual father of the
Egyptian Constitutions.

14. Done by :
FatmaMohsen
Fairoz Mohamed
Hader Sherif
Mariam Nasser
Mariam Hany
Mariam Hussien
Norhan Ahmed
Menna Abd Elsayd
Naglaa Mahmoud