Emotional abuse is a form of violence that involves improper and unhealthy interactions between two or more people. It can be caused by factors like inferiority complexes, unresolved personal problems, and unhealthy relationship models learned in childhood. Abusers often have emotional immaturity and unresolved issues from their own past abuse, while victims have low self-esteem and see abuse as preferable to being alone. Signs of abuse can be subtle messages or behaviors that manipulate or gaslight the victim. Prevention requires awareness of these dynamics and seeking help from others.

1. Emotional Abuse Fighting the Lack of Key Information 2008

14. Emotional Abuse – A Guide to Key Information by Mariana Barrancos 2008