1. MUSEUMS AND HISTORY: HOLOCAUST

2. ABOUT
 Auschwitz has become a symbol of terror,
and the Holocaust. It was established by
Germans in 1940, in the suburbs of
Oswiecim, a Polish city that was annexed to
the Third Reich by the Nazis. Its name was
changed to Auschwitz, which also became
the name of Konzentrationslager Auschwitz.

3.  The direct reason for the establishment of the
camp was the fact that mass arrests of Poles
were increasing beyond the capacity of existing
"local" prisons. Initially, Auschwitz was to be one
more concentration camp of the type that the
Nazis had been setting up since the early
1930s. It functioned in this role throughout its
existence, even when, beginning in 1942, it also
became the largest of the death camps.

4. DIVISION OF THE CAMP
 The first and oldest was the so-called "main camp," later also
known as "Auschwitz I" (the number of prisoners fluctuated
around 15,000, sometimes rising above 20,000), which was
established on the grounds and in the buildings of prewar Polish
barracks;
 The second part was the Birkenau camp (which held over
90,000 prisoners in 1944), also known as "Auschwitz II" This
was the largest part of the Auschwitz complex. The Nazis began
building it in 1941 on the site of the village of Brzezinka, three
kilometers from Oswiecim. The Polish civilian population was
evicted and their houses confiscated and demolished. The
greater part of the apparatus of mass extermination was built in
Birkenau and the majority of the victims were murdered here;

5.  More than 40 sub-camps, exploiting the
prisoners as slave laborers, were founded
between 1942 and 1944. The largest of them
was called Buna (Monowitz, with ten thousand
prisoners) and was opened by the camp
administration in 1942 on the grounds of the
Buna-Werke synthetic rubber and fuel plant six
kilometers from the Auschwitz camp. On
November 1943, the Buna sub-camp became
the seat of the commandant of the third part of
the camp, Auschwitz III, to which some other
Auschwitz sub-camps were subordinated.

6. INTERESSENGEBIET – THE INTEREST ZONE
The Germans isolated all the camps and sub-
camps from the outside world and surrounded
them with barbed wire fencing. All contact with the
outside world was forbidden. However, the area
administered by the commandant and patrolled by
the SS camp garrison went beyond the grounds
enclosed by barbed wire. It included an additional
area of approximately 40 square kilometers (the
so-called "Interessengebiet" - the interest zone),
which lay around the Auschwitz I and Auschwitz II-
Birkenau camps.

8. INSIDE THE MUSEUM
 In 1979, Auschwitz was oficially recognized
as a heritage of humanity by UNESCO.

9. GATE ENTRY
“O trabalho
Liberta.“
What have been left
(and rebuilt) from
Auschwitz turned into
a museum. Each
building open to the
public is a living
museum and has a
theme.
Auschwitz I came to
have between 15,000
and 20,000 prisoners.

10. 
 Several words from Hitler are around the
museum. This is the most famous one.

11. JEWS’ GLASSES
This is a showcase of the glasses. In the museum, giant windows were
built with real objects that belonged to dead Jews, found after release
and failed to be destroyed by the Germans. These objects are shown as
an evidence and 5 are in the shed, where there are windows of bags,
clothes, baby clothes, baby bottles, shoes for adults, children and
babies, as well as brushes and so on.

12. Auschwitz I: playback using original
clothing worn by prisoners. The photos
above are some of the prisoners killed in
the camp.

13. BRUSHES’ ROOM

14. ROOM BRICK

16.  There are several photos taken in that time,
showing executions in the "Block of death."
Part of the field where happened the
interrogations, beatings, hangings and
executions. The executed were prisoners
politicians Poles, leaders of the uprisings,
people involved in plans to escape of the
field and also those who attempted make any
contact with people from off the field.

18.  Prisoners suspected of involvement in the
resistance were interrogated, beaten to
death or hanged in the presence of other
prisoners.

19.  Evidence of medical experiments conducted in the
field. The medicines or substances above were
manufactured by Bayer.
 Sterilization experiments were performed on women
who were permanently quarantined. Many died
during the experiments and others were killed for
autopsy was performed and the experiment could
"evolve". Those who survived were left with
irreversible defects.
 Other genetic experiments, as Dr. Mengele’s ones,
were held in Auschwitz II and in children and cripples

22.  The museum show jew’s quarters and writing
on the walls. Rooms where more than 700
prisoners in just 30 or 40 beds. In the same
place were the toilets (holes in the ground,
one beside the other). The hygiene
conditions contributed to the emergence and
spread of disease. Soon, those who did not
die of starvation, or were not performed, died
of disease.

24.  Auschwitz II
 In this building, known as Sauna, prisoners
were registered (received their identification
number that was tattooed on the inside of the
forearm) and disinfected before being sent to
work. Here they also received the uniform and
were depilated, including women. Upon removal
obviously discovered pregnant women who
were immediately sent to the gas chambers.

26.  Wall made ​​from photos found in the luggage
of prisoners after release.

28.  Historians estimate that among the people sent to
Auschwitz, at least 1,100,000 were Jews from various
European countries, more than 140,000 were Poles
(mostly political prisoners), approximately 20,000
Gypsies from various countries in Europe, more than
10,000 prisoners of war and Soviets more than
10,000 prisoners of other nationalities. Most Jews
died upon arrival, when sent to the gas chambers.
 The number of victims of Auschwitz between 1940-
1945 is estimated at between 1,100,000 and
1,500,000 people.