The document provides information about the Mangyan and Tagbanua ethnic groups of the Philippines. It discusses their origins and traditional practices. The Mangyan were among the original inhabitants of Mindoro province. They have their own writing system and hold rituals related to death and burial. The Tagbanua live in Palawan and have a social hierarchy with slaves, low-bloods, and high-bloods. They engage in farming, fishing, hunting and crafts like weaving and woodcarving. Both groups had native belief systems and traditions that were later influenced by contact with outsiders like Spanish colonizers.

2. “Mait”
Mangyans
Hanunoo Mangyan – real Mangyan

3. • 1570, Spaniards named it “Mina de Oro”
• Because of the precious metal in southern tip

4. • Early 17th century, the island separated from
Bonbon (Batangas) and organized into
covegimiento.
• 1902, The island Lubang (formerly part of Cavite)
was annexed to Mindoro. Then Mindoro and
Lubang were annexed to Marinduque.
• June 13, 1950, RA 505, Mindoro divided into
Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro.
• Spanish writing system

5. • Rituals to death and burial
• “Karadwa” – Soul
• Hanunoo wear the hagkus or willed rattan belt w/ pocket
• Women wear their hair long and use headband made of
beads
• Fond of wearing necklace and bracelets made from beads.
• Not just for decoration but also for magical, religious and
judiciary purposes.
• Men usually forge and repairs blades
• Women spin, dye, and weave cotton cloth
• Ambahan for courtship

6. Ambahan
Poetic form using 7 syllable lines that
rhyme at the final syllable
Used as a form of social entertainment
It is created by Mangyan to serve practical
purposes within the community

8. “Taga” – People
“Banua” – Countryside
Tagbanua – a person from the upland area
The most widely disturbed group on Palawan
Island
Concentrated on the eastern side of Palawan
Rivers of Palawan are sources of food
Language: Palawan, Batak, and Cuyunan

9. 1521, Antonio Pigafetta recorded that the
Tagbanua practised the ritual of blood compact,
cultivated their fields and hunted with their
blow pipes and thick wooden arrows.
17th century, Southern Palawan Tribe was
under the jurisdiction of the Sultan of Brunei.

10. 19th century, Tagbanua continued to believe in
their native gods:
Magnisda/Nagabacaban – lord of heavens
Poco – benevolent spirit
Sedumunadoc – god of earth
Tabiacoud – lived in the deep bowels of the
earth
American period: Iwahig became the site of penal
colony; Migration from Visayan Islands and from
Luzon resulted to dominance of Christian religion.

11. “Paray” – Rice (for religious)
Rice beer tabad – “Perfect drink”
Other Crops: camote, corn, millet, taro,
cassava
Engaged in hunting, fishing, and food
gathering

12. Almaciga, source of bagtik
Gathering of bagtik during dry months is
Tagbanua’s principal source of cash income
On the Western Coast weave sleeping
mats
Today, few carabaos and cattles used for
hauling sleds loaded to be sold and for
transportation as well.

13. Society is composed of:
Uripin – Slaves
Timawa – Low bloods
Ginuu – High bloods;
Masikampu or leader – hereditary
chieftain class that inherited
from Moro.

14. Magindusa – existence of Supreme Being
Mutya/Charm – used to help its processor in the hunt, a fishing
expedition of litigation.
Their traditional costumes were fashioned from the bark of the trees.
Baskets and woodcarvings are the most notable products of the
Tagbanua