1. Different ways of talking about
the future
Will, going to, present progressive, simple
present
2. Future Use Example
Will To make predictions
about the future
Uncertain
Decisions at the
moment
It will rain.
“I’ll open the door”
Going to Predictions based on
evidence, future
plans and intentions
I’m going to go out
tonight.
Present
progessive
Future plans and
intentions
I’m meeting some
friends tonight.
Simple present At a specific time on
a schedule
The concert starts at
11:00.
4. • For definite plans and decisions in the
immediate future
I’m going to pass my
exam because I
studied hard enough.
• Predictions based on present evidence
The clouds are black. It is going to rain.
5. AFFIRMATIVE STRUCTURE
I am going to talk to my boss.
Students are going to get good grades.
Michael is going to marry Sophie next year.
SUBJECT + IS/ARE/AM+ GOING TO + VERB IN
BASE FORM + OBJECT
6. NEGATIVE STRUCTURE
I’m not going to cook tonight.
Girls aren’t going to travel this summer.
Rose isn’t going to have a baby.
SUBJECT + ISN’T/AREN’T/AM NOT+ GOING
TO + VERB IN BASE FORM + OBJECT
7. INTERROGATIVE
STRUCTURE
Are you going to graduate next year?
No, I’m not.
Are boys going to do the washing up?
Yes, they are.
Is your dog going to reach the frisbee
Yes, it is.
IS/ARE/AM + SUBJECT + GOING TO + VERB
IN BASE FORM + OBJECT?
9. Will future expresses a spontaneous decision, an
assumption with regard to the future or an
action in the future that cannot be influenced.
subject positive negative question
no
differences
I will
speak.
I will not
speak.
Will I
speak?
Contractions:
Will = ’ll
Will not = Won’t
10. Use of will Future
a spontaneous decision
Wait, I will help you.
an opinion, hope, uncertainty or assumption
regarding the future
He will probably come back
tomorrow.
11. a promise
I will not watch TV tonight.
an action in the future that cannot be influenced
It will rain tomorrow.
conditional clauses type I
If I arrive late, I will call you.
12. Signal Words
in a year, next …,
tomorrow
I think, probably,
perhaps, maybe
13. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
SUBJECT + IS/ARE/AM + VERB “ING” +
OBJECT
I am having lunch with my friends next
weekend.
You aren’t attending the concert tonight.
Is he cooking this weekend?
Yes, he is. No, he isn’t
14. KEY WORDS: tonight, next month (year, week),
tomorrow, this weekend
Examples:
My friends are traveling to London tomorrow.
George isn't meeting us next weekend.
Going to is simplified with the present continuous
My friends are traveling to London tomorrow. = My
friends are going to travel to London tomorrow.
There is no difference!
15. IT IS USED FOR SCHEDULES
The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.
The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.
SIMPLE PRESENT
16. STRUCTURE WITH PLURAL
SUBJECTS
Subject + verb in base form + object.
The planes arrive at 9:00.
Subject + don’t + verb in base form +
object.
The planes don’t arrive at 9:00.
17. STRUCTURE WITH 3RD PERSON
SINGULAR SUBJECTS
Subject + verb ending in “s, es, ies” +
object.
The concert starts at 7:00.
Subject + doesn’t + verb in base
form + object.
The concert doesn’t start at 7:00.
