13. Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education Arthur W. Chickering and Zelda F. GamsonFrom the March 1987 AAHE Bulletin 1. Encourages contacts between students and faculty. 2. Develops reciprocity and cooperation among students. 3. Uses active learning techniques. 4. Gives prompt feedback. 5. Emphasizes time on task. 6. Communicates high expectations. 7. Respects diverse talents and ways of learning.
14. US Department of Education report. Evaluation of Evidence-Based Practices in Online Learning: A Meta-Analysis and Review of Online Learning Studies, Center for Technology in Learning Washington, D.C. 2009 The meta-analysis found that, on average, students in online learning conditions performed better than those receiving face-to-face instruction.
15. Thomas L. Russell The No Significant Difference Phenomenon: A Comparative Research Annotated Bibliography on Technology for Distance Education (2001, IDECC, fifth edition) Comprehensive research bibliography of 355 research reports, summaries and papers that document no significant difference (NSD) in student outcomes based on the mode of education delivery (face to face or at a distance). Archived reports 1928 to 2009 at http://nosignificantdifference.wcet.info/index.asp