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The Pathway To Smoking Role Of Family, Peer And Environment In Shaping Adolescent Smoking Behavior
- 1. SAIDATUL NORBAYA BUANG PUBLIC HEALTH PHYSICIAN FAMILY HEALTH DEVELOPMENT DIVISION DEPT OF PUBLIC HEALTH MINISTRY OF HEALTH MALAYSIA THIRD MALAYSIAN TOBACCO CONTROL CONFERENCE 8 -9 AUGUST 2009
- 14. Stages of smoking Mean age (year) Mean age of smoking initiation (year) Non Susceptible Non Smoker (n=702) 15.56 Susceptible Non Smoker (n=126) 15.45 Experimenter Smoker (n=73) 16.09 13.24 Irregular Smoker (n=51) 15.98 14.00 Regular Smokers (n=83) 16.55 13.04 Overall mean age (n= 1035) 15.69 13.35
- 15. Stages of smoking Male (N=404) Female (N=631) Total stage of smoking Non Susceptible Non Smoker 24.5% 75.5% 67.8% Susceptible Non Smoker 50.8% 49.2% 12.2% Experimenter smoker 67.1% 32.9% 5.1% Irregular Smoker 78.4% 21.6% 4.9% Regular Smokers 95.2% 4.8% 8.0% Total gender 39.0% 61.0% 100%
- 16. Stages of smoking Malay (N= 647) Chinese (N= 148) Indian (N= 240) Total stage of smoking Non Susceptible Non Smoker (N=702) 55.6% 16.7% 27.8% 67.8% Susceptible Non Smoker (N=126) 70.6% 14.3% 15.1% 12.2% Experimenter smoker (N=73) 82.2% 6.8% 11.0% 5.1% Irregular Smoker (N=51) 82.4% 7.8% 9.8% 4.9% Regular Smokers (N=83) 79.5% 4.8% 15.7% 8.0% Total ethnic group 62.5% 14.3% 23.2% 100%
- 32. PREDICTORS NON SUSCEPTIBLE NON SMOKER TO SUSCEPTIBLE EXP (B) CONFIDENCE INTERVAL Demographic Boys 3.59*** 2.19 5.75 Malay 1 Chinese 0.47* 0.26 0.86 Indian 0.56 0.3 1.04 Parent child relationship Father do not understand my problem and worries 3.44*** 1.97 6.03 Friends’ smoking and attitude toward smoking Few to almost all friend smoking 2.15*** 1.45 3.19 Female friends allow smoking 4.03*** 2.28 7.13 School variables Have thought of leaving school 1.82* 1.11 2.99 Truant from school 1.85* 1.14 3.01 R 2 0.278
- 34. PREDICTORS SUSCEPTIBLE NON SMOKER TO EXPERIMENTER EXP (B) CONFIDENCE INTERVAL Parent child relationship Mother do not support when upset 2.86* 1.14 7.14 Family smoking and attitude towards smoking At least one elder sibling ever smoked 2.14* 1.12 4.06 Friend smoking and attitude towards smoking Few to almost all friend smoking 3.47*** 1.89 6.34 Social bonding Religiosity 0.46* 0.22 0.96 R 2 0.216
- 36. PREDICTORS EXPERIMENTER TO IRREGULAR SMOKER EXP (B) CONFIDENCE INTERVAL Family smoking and attitude towards smoking At least one elder sibling ever smoked Parents allow smoking 8.07*** 2.74 23.77 Friend smoking and attitude towards smoking Few to almost all friend smoking 2.25 0.99 5.09 Places where young people hang out Spend time in public places 8.56* 1.57 46.76 R 2 0.378
- 38. PREDICTORS Irregular to Regular smokers Exp (B Confidence Interval Demographic Age 2.108** 1.201 3.702 Family smoking and attitude towards smoking Elder sister allow smoking 3.4* 1.07 10.77 School variables Poor academic grade 4.04** 1.5 10.88 Risk taking behaviour Bullies in school 3.218* 1.27 8.14 Places where young people hang out Spend time at snooker centre 5.29*** 2.11 13.29 R 2 0.399