Workshop - Best of Both Worlds_ Combine KG and Vector search for enhanced R...
Wildfire 2009
1. Paper presented at Wildfire 2009 Conference, June 16-17th2009, Lyndhurst, UK
2. Wildfires in Portugal: characteristics, soil degradational impacts and mitigation measures Rick Shakesby In collaboration with A.J.D. Ferreira, C.S.S. Ferreira, C.R. Stoof, E. Urbanek, R.P.D. Walsh Photo of Coimbra, 2005: António Ferreira “A global initiative to combat desertification”
3. High fire frequency since early 1980s Reasons: 1. Summer dry period 2. Highly flammable tree plantations 3. Poor litter and timber waste management 4. Improved access to forest areas Insurance claims, feuds, vandalism
4. Reduction in sediment yield caused by increasing cover of stones, vegetation and litter Post-wildfire soil erosion From: Shakesby & Doerr (2006)
15. Stone armouring Preferential loss of fine sediment, organic matter and nutrients Wildfire – effect on soil erosion
16. Large loss of a range of particle sizes Rip-ploughing – effect on soil erosion Rip-ploughing disturbs quasi-stable soil, moves soil downslope and dislodges large bedrock slabs
24. Salvage logging waste applied to erosion plots Soil loss reduced by 95% Eucalyptus: high amount of salvage waste Soil loss reduced by 55% Eucalyptus: low amount of salvage waste
25. Prescribed fire as a soil conservation tool Vale Torto catchment, February 20th 2009
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28. Flame temperatures up to > 800°C, but relatively little soil heating (soil temperatures < 100°C)Temperature-sensitive paints Paint strips on metal bars
29. Spatial variation in fire severity Near the main drainage line Higher impact on vegetation and litter Near to the watershed Lower impact on vegetation and litter