1. The Mayor of London’s draft Air
Quality Strategy
Simon Cousins
Greater London Authority
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2. What is the problem? – PM10 concentrations
in central London in 2011 without the
Strategy

3. PM10 emissions sources in central London
160.0
Other Sources
140.0 Boilers
Other Agriculture / Nature
Annual PM emissions in central London (tonnes) 120.0 Industrial and Commerci al Gas
Domesti c Gas
HGV, Tyre & Brake Wear
100.0
HGV, Exhaust
LGV, Tyre & Brake Wear
80.0
LGV, Exhaust
Bus, Tyre & Brake Wear
60.0 Bus, Exhaust
10
Car, Tyre & Brake Wear
40.0 Car, Exhaust
Taxi, Tyre & Brake Wear
Taxi, Exhaust
20.0
Motorcycle, Tyre & Brake Wear
Motorcycle, Exhaust
0.0
2008

4. NO2 Limit Value in 2015
London wide issue
Limit Value for annual mean NO2 = 40 µg/m3
Limit Value
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5. NOx emissions sources in Greater London

6. Reducing emissions from transport (1)
New smarter travel schemes – building on existing initiatives
• Promoting eco-driving
• Travel plans (inc freight)
• Anti-idling campaigns and enforcement
Promoting cleaner vehicles
• Electric Vehicle Delivery Plan
• Procurement processes
Tailored action plans for priority locations (from summer 2010).
• Power washing streets and applying dust suppressants
• Redeploying cleanest buses
• Traffic management
Reducing emissions from public transport
• Bus NOx retrofit
• Age based limits for taxis and PHVs

7. Reducing emissions from transport (2)
Low Emission Zone:
• Tighter standard for lorries, buses and coaches from 2012
• Vans and minibuses included from 2012
• New NOx standard for lorries, buses and coaches from 2015
Air Quality Action Days and Special Measures
• Special measures during extreme pollution episodes
• Planned regular events to encourage mode shift to cycling and walking.

8. Reducing emissions from non-transport
sources
Updating construction and demolition Best Practice Guidance:
• Review and update early in 2011.
• Giving Guidance statutory status in planning process to assist enforcement
• Ensure included in major planning applications
Better use of planning system:
• New developments to be ‘air quality neutral’ or better – using planning
process for ‘offsetting’
• Emissions limits and abatement requirements for new biomass boilers
Energy efficient schemes for homes and workplaces
Urban realm programmes
Encouraging innovation

9. What this will achieve – PM10
160.0
140.0 Other Sources
Boilers
Other Agriculture / Nature
Annual PM10 emissions in central London (tonnes)
120.0
Industrial and Commercial Gas
Domestic Gas
100.0 HGV, Tyre & Brake Wear
HGV, Exhaust
LGV, Tyre & Brake Wear
80.0
LGV, Exhaust
Bus, Tyre & Brake Wear
60.0 Bus, Exhaust
Car, Tyre & Brake Wear
Car, Exhaust
40.0
Taxi, Tyre & Brake Wear
Taxi, Exhaust
20.0 Motorcycle, Tyre & Brake Wear
Motorcycle, Exhaust
0.0
2008 2011 with 2015 with
strategy strategy

10. What this will achieve – NOx
60000
50000
Annual NOx emissions in Greater London (tonnes)
Other Sources
Rail
40000
Airport
Part A / B Industry
Industrial-Commercial Gas
Domestic Gas
30000
Artic HGVs
Rigid HGVs
LGVs
20000 Buses
Cars
Taxis
Motorcycles
10000
0
2008 2015 with
strategy

11. Barriers to delivery
Around 40 per cent of PM10 concentrations in central London originate
from outside London.
And around 20 per cent of NO2 concentrations in Greater London
originate from outside London.
35 per cent of PM10 emissions from road transport are from tyre and
brake wear – which cannot be regulated.
Lack of policy levers.
Lack of funding.
Knowledge gaps (eg. emissions v concentrations).

12. Working with UK Government
We believe that PM10 limit values will be met by 2011.
But on its own London cannot meet NO2 limit values by 2015.
London requires funding from UK Government to implement this Strategy.
UK Government needs to implement national measures:
Extended vehicle scrappage schemes
Use of tax incentives
Certification scheme for NOx abatement equipment
National framework for LEZs – and financial support
Grant schemes for vehicle retrofit
Rail electrification
Funding for new low-emission technology
Funding for and restructuring of energy efficiency schemes
Publicity campaigns
Targeted information to those at risk.
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13. Thank you
More information at: www.london.gov.uk
Simon.cousins@london.gov.uk
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