Anterior uveitis is inflammation of the iris and ciliary body. It is classified as iritis, iridocyclitis, or cyclitis. Clinical features include pain, redness, photophobia, and vision loss. Signs include cells in the anterior chamber, keratic precipitates, posterior synechiae, and complicated cataracts. Treatment involves cycloplegics, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants to reduce inflammation and treat underlying causes or complications.
5. SYMPTOMS
Pain: Acute
Severe
Radiates along V1 nerve distribution
Worst at night
Redness:
Photophobia
Lacrimation
Diminution of vision
a.Turbid aqueous e. Sec. glaucoma
b.Vitreous exudates f.Ciliary spasm
c.Exudates in pupillary
area g.Complic. Cat
d.CME
11. ANTERIOR CHAMBER SIGNS:
AQUEOUS CELLS
Early sign
On oblique illum.:3mm long 1mm wide slit
with max light and magnifications
Grading:
0 :0 cell
+_ : 1-5 cell
1+ : 6-10 cells
2+: 11-20 cells
3+ : 21-50 cells
4+ : >50
12. ANTERIOR CHAMBER SIGNS:
AQUEOUS FLARE
D/t leakage of protein into the AC from the leaky
vessels
On oblique illum.: a point of beam projected on the
iris plane
Protein particles seen floating the beam of light:
Tyndall phenomenon
Marked in NGU
Grading:
0 : No flare
1+ : Just detectable
2+: Moderate flare with clear detail view of iris
3+ : Marked flare with iris details not clear
4+ : Intense flare with no view of iris details
16. IRIS SIGNS
Loss of normal pattern
Muddy in color in active
stage & hyper/
hypopigmented
Iris nodules: Aggregations
of lymphyocytes and
epitheloid cells.
29. SECONDARY GLAUCOMA
Early glaucoma:
In active phase of disease
Due to exudates &
inflammatory cells in AC angle
blocking the TM
Decreased aqueous flow
leading to increased IOP
(Hypertensive Glaucoma)
42. CAUSES OF RED EYE
Acute Acute Acute
Conjunct ivitis Iridocyclitis Congestive
Glaucoma
Onset Gradual Usually gradual Sudden
Pain Mild discomfort Moderate Severe
V 1 n. distribn. Whole V n.
distrib.
Discharge Mucopurulent Watery Watery
Colored haloes +/- -- +++
Vision Unaltered Impaired Severely
impaired
Congestion Conjunctival Ciliary Ciliary
43. CAUSES OF RED EYE (CONTD)
Acute Acute Acute
Conjunct ivitis Iridocyclitis Congestive
Glaucoma
Tenderness Absent Marked Marked
Pupil Normal Small,irregular Dilated,
Reacting Sluggish vertically oval &
reacting fixed
Media Clear Hazy d/t Hazy d/t corneal
KP,flare & edema
pupillary
exudate
Anterior Deep Deep/ may be Very shallow
chamber irregular
Iris Normal Muddy Edematous
44. CAUSES OF RED EYE (CONTD)
Acute Acute Acute
Conjunct ivitis Iridocyclitis Congestive
Glaucoma
IOP Normal Normal usually Markedly raised
Constitutional Absent Little Prostration &
symptom Assoc. vomiting