Dr Zahida Chaudnary talks with the students about nutrition, gut microbiomes, and nutrition as we look at diseases and how your body reacts to what you eat. Check out the slideshow by itself here. Want an audio version? Subscribe to our Podcast on iTunes! Want to join us for the live discussion? Check out our Social Media in the noon hour every Monday as we sit down on Google Hangout OnAir! Follow us on Twitter, Facebook, or Google+ to get updated with the link when we start!

1. Human Nutrition,
Gut Microbiome
And
Immune System
By
Zahida Chaudhary MD

2. Microbes in the Human Micro biome include species
from each major domain
“Extremophile”
Archaebacteria
Bacteria
E-coli Virus
Fungi

3. Symbiotic Relationships Between Microbes and Their Hosts
• Symbiosis means “to live together”
We have symbiotic relationships with countless microorganisms
Types of symbiosis
1. Mutualistic
Both organisms benefit – “mutually beneficial” Escherichia coli
-Synthesizes Vitamin K & B complex Vitamins
-In return, we provide a warm, moist nutrient rich environment
for E. coli
2. Commensalistic
– One organism benefits. The other is neither helped nor
harmed
3. Opportunistic
– Under normal conditions, microbe does not cause disease,
but if conditions become conducive , it can cause disease

4. Dysbiosis
 Dysbiosis is the abnormal microbial
colonization of the intestine , where
changes in Quantity and Quality of flora
become Pathological & Harmful.
 When intestinal flora equilibrium is
disturbed, the optimum expected health
effects are lost  autoimmune
conditions result (IBD, rheumatoid).
 A common cause of dysbiosis is
antibiotic therapy (Iatrogenic).

5. Initial Colonization of the Newborn
-Humans are born without any
microorganisms.
-Colonization of
skin, oral/respiratory
tract, genitourinary system and
gastrointestinal tract begins
immediately at birth with bacteria
in the proximity of the birth canal
and the anus.
-Genetic, Environment and
Feeding pattern (fragile micro
biota)
-Later the micro biota will stabilize
Caring Suckling, kissing
and caressing (mother’s
flora

6. Intestinal Micro biota: Alterations During Human Life Cycle

7. The Human Microbial Meta genome
Our adult bodies contain 10 times more microbial
cells than human cells
Human colon contains up to 100 trillion bacteria
Numerous studies have suggested that shifts in the
populations of microbial communities may be
associated with a number of important acute and
chronic diseases:
Inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, cardiovascular disease,
eczema and other skin diseases, vaginal infections
This presents an opportunity to develop new approaches to therapy
as a means of maintaining health
(Institute of genomic science)

8. Intestinal Microbiota:Role in Health and Disease

9. Intestinal Micro biota:
Environmental Influence and Immune Response
C. difficile Manifestations
• Carrier state
• C. difficile - associated diarrhea colitis
• Pseudomembranous colitis
• Fulminant Colitis / Toxic mega colon
• Atypical (e.g., sepsis, ascites)
• Recurrent disease
Why Do We Get Recurrent CDI ?
• Impaired host-response
• Altered intestinal microbiome
– “Dysbiosis” = decreased
micro biota diversity

10. Link between gut microbial communities
and adiposity

11.  Intestinal Permeability - Pathophysiolog
Poor Dietary Choices
Food Intolerance
Stress & Emotions
Infection
Chronic Abx/Steroids
Systemic Disease
Malnutrition
Altered
Intestinal
Permeability
Dysbiosis
Elevated Total
Toxic & Antigenic
Burden
Low Stomach Acid
Toxic Exposure
Toxic Overload
Systemic Disease

12. Interplay Between
Medicine and Microbes
Antibiotics
Kills infectious bacteria but also disrupts
natural flora. Can result in yeast
infections, digestive problems, etc.
Chemotherapy drugs
Gut flora has been shown to modify
some drugs during metabolism. This
causes many side effects, including upset
stomach.

13. What can damage Gut Flora
Antibiotics
Bottle Feeding
Steroids, The Pill
Old Age
Other Drugs
Pollution
Stress
Radiation
Poor Diet
Alcohol
Infections
Toxic Chemicals
Disease
Dental Work

14. Imbalance of intestinal micro flora results in:


Poor nutritional response
Reduced efficacy of
medications

Physiological dysfunction

Accelerated aging

Cancer

Deficient immune response

Susceptibility to infection

Physical discomfort

15. Ask both, what we can do for our microbiome
and what our microbiome can do for us
The implications of our
nutritional choices are more
significant than we may
realize
Nutritional choices could
impact our long-term health.
If we keep our micro flora
happy and thriving in a
balanced environment, our
health will be on the right
track.
Symbiotic Relationship