world war 2 most common information

1. Mohammed N Alsaeed
200872400

2. Powers
Axis Powers
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
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Allied Powers
Great Britain
Soviet Union
United States
France
– Surrendered to Germany
in 1940 after 6 weeks

4. Quick facts
• Largest war in human history.
• Involved countries, colonies, and
territories around the entire world.
• By the end, over 70 million were
dead.
• It lasted from 1939 until 1945.

5. Quick facts
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Germany invaded Poland.
Allies declare war on Germany.
Then Hitler invades Russia.
Germans use “blitzkrieg” to overwhelm other
armies.

6. •Battle of Moscow
•Battle of Stalingrad
•Battle of Berlin

9. Battle of Moscow
• initial stages of Barbarossa have been seen as
massively successful for the Germans and catastrophic
for the Russians. Few would deny the success of the
German attack - 28 Russian divisions were put out of
action in just three weeks and more than 70 divisions
lost 50% or more of their men and equipment.
Blitzkrieg had ploughed through the Red Army. Hitler's
belief that the Red Army would crumble seemed to be
coming true. However, the Germans had also suffered
in their attacks on Russia. By one month into
Barbarossa, the Germans had lost over 100,000 men,
50% of their tanks and over 1,200 planes

10. Battle of Stalingrad
“If I do not get the oil of
Maikop and Grozny then
I must finish this war”.
Adolf Hitler

11. Battle of Stalingrad
23 August 1942

12. Battle of Stalingrad
German Army
Russian Army
Led by Paulus
Led by Zhukov
1,011,500 men
1,000,500 men
10, 290 artillery
guns
13,541 artillery guns
675 tanks
894 tanks
1,216 planes
1,115 planes

13. Battle of Stalingrad
The German assault on Stalingrad began with a heavy
bombing campaign in August – the Soviet Air Force was
no match for the Luftwaffe, and there was little that
could be done to prevent them from destroying much
of the city’s industrial and residential infrastructure
from above.
German ground forces reached the River Volga on
August 23rd 1942. and launched their first ground
assaults on the city itself on September 13th. German
forces battled their way through the city to reach the
banks of the river Volga and, by November, they
controlled 90% of Stalingrad.

14. Battle of Stalingrad
Stalin's Order No. 227 of 27 July 1942
decreed that all commanders who
ordered unauthorized retreat would be
subject to a military tribunal. "Not a
step back!" and "There is no land
behind the Volga!" were the slogans.
The Germans pushing forward into
Stalingrad suffered heavy casualties.

15. Battle of Stalingrad
another part of the city, a Soviet platoon under
the command of Yakov Pavlov fortified an
apartment building that oversaw a square in the
city center , later called Pavlov's House. The
soldiers surrounded it with minefields, set up
machine-gun positions at the windows and
breached the walls in the basement for better
communications

16. Battle of Stalingrad
Vasily Zaytsev

17. Battle of Berlin
• Date: January 16, 1945
• Location: Berlin
• Forces Involved:
Soviet Union, Poland, Germany, USA, British,
French came in later.

18. Battle of Berlin
Germany
Soldiers
Artillery
Tanks
Aircraft
Russia

19. Battle of Berlin
• The Soviets along with Polish allies integrated
into their army, initiated the attack on Berlin.
USA, Britain, and France held back, to give the
Soviets and the Polish a chance to get revenge
on the Nazis for what they had done to Poland
and Russia throughout WW II. The Soviets set
up two fronts to attack Berlin, one for the
East, and one from the South.

20. Battle of Berlin
• During the Battle of Berlin, Bombings were
conducted over Berlin to soften up the Germans.
However, Berlin was bombed throughout all of
WW II.
• Major Bombing dates (1945):
• April 15 (105 bombers)
• April 17 (61 bombers)
• April 18 (57 bombers)
• April 19 (79 bombers)
• April 20 (78 bombers)

21. Battle of Berlin
• Allies Claim victory over Germany
• Berlin divided into sections rules by different
countries. (Starts the cold war)
• Allies raise their flags over many German
buildings as a symbol of Victory

22. • Battle of Midway
• The Battle of Britain
• The Battle of El Alamein

23. Battle of Midway
• Fought over and near the tiny U.S mid-pacific
base at Midway atoll
• Fought between U.S and Japan
• Japan wanted to destroy what remained of the
United States naval power.
• Attacking the American held Midway Island was
Japan's first step.
• Japan hoped the attack would bring American
fleets into the Pacific.

24. Both countries had advantages
Japan
Had a large amount of ships and carriers
Force largely outnumbered the U.S
United States
Naval intelligence officers broke Japanese
code and learned about their plans for
attacking Midway American's knew date
for planned attack June 3rd
Knew direction from which Japanese ships
would approach

25. Battle of Midway
• The Japanese admiral was Yamamoto, The
American admiral was Nimitz
• The USS Enterprise, USS Hornet, and the USS
Yorktown sunk 4 Japanese carriers
• The sinking of these ships caused Yamamoto
to have to withdraw from the battle
• The battle lasted from June 4th - June 6th
• This battle marked the turning point in the
war

26. The Battle of Britain
• Once France fell, Hitler amassed troops on
the French coast
• Britain was clearly his next target
• It was then that Winston Churchill made his
famous “We Shall Never Surrender” speech

27. The Battle of Britain
• Only thing in the way of Hitler’s path to
England – British Navy
• Because the B Navy was so strong, G had to
use Luftwaffe first
• August 1940 – G launched on B greatest air
assault world had ever seen
• Continued into September
• 1,000+ planes dropped bombs on Britain
daily

28. The Battle of Britain
• By early Sept., Hitler ordered massive
bombing raids on London & other B cities
• Used incendiary bombs
• Goal = break people’s will

29. The Normandy Invasion
•
Dwight D. Eisenhower:
•
General Eisenhower was the Supreme
Commander of the Allied Expeditionary
Force.
•
He was in charge of all of the allied forces
that would assault the Normandy coast and
Europe for the remainder of the war.
•
Eisenhower made the final call to go ahead
with the mission after days of poor weather.
•
Eisenhower personally visited troops before
the invasion and issued the letter to the left.

30. The Normandy Invasion
• American Airborne Forces were comprised
of the 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions.
• Including the British 1st Airborne Division
nearly 12,000 soldiers were dropped in the
early morning of June 6th.
• Their objectives were to take and hold key
road junctions to prevent German
counterattack.

31. The Normandy Invasion
• The fighting at Omaha Beach was the
bloodiest of the invasion. The
American 1st, and 29th Infantry
Divisions made the first assault across
the beach. The 2nd Ranger Battalion
also landed at Omaha. After the beach
head had been established American
losses neared 3,000.

32. The Battle of El Alamein
• Leader
Bernard Law
Montgomery
• 530 planes
• 1,029 tanks
• 195,000 infantry
• 2,311 artillery
• Leader:
• Erwin
Rommel(A.K.A.Desert
Fox)
• 350 planes
• 489 tanks
• 104,000 infantry
• 1,219 artillery

33. The Battle of El Alamein
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It was an abandoned train station
In the middle of the desert
Only thing standing between Alexandria
Crucial to keeping Africa from Nazis
The Alamein line was 40 miles
Stretched from Qattara Depression to the sea

34. The Battle of El Alamein
June 24, 1942-Rommel begins pursuit of eighth
army from Tobruk to Mersa Matruh.
June 30,1942-Beginning of the first part of the
battle
August 7, 1942-Montgomery appointed
commander of eighth army
November 3&4,1942-Rommel retreats and
battle is won in favor of Allied forces

35. The Battle of El Alamein
• Axis first attacked cast but repelled
• Allied attacked Axis supply routes, crippling
Rommel’s units
• Reinforcements of 6-16 guns and Sherman
tanks helped
• Lots of attacks launched all over the line
• Heavy losses on each side

36. The Battle of El Alamein
• Kidney ridge was a major battle site
• Operation “supercharge” was the
turn-around
• At end, Axis had about only 80 tanks
left , previously 1000
• Massive retreat for the Allied forces

37. The Battle of El Alamein
• The allies realized that they can win a battle
after all the losses
• “All battles before the battle were lost, and all
the battles after won” was said by Winston
Churchill
• Rommel retreats
• Allies go in pursuit
• El Alamein was completely devastated