A Peek Inside Agile: Understanding Scrum & Kanban

cPrime: Who We Are
• Consulting and Transformation
• Training and Coaching
• Staffing


Today’s Presenter
• Jeff Howey, Agile Coach
– Trains & coaches teams and
companies in Agile processes
• 7+ years practicing Agile
• Certified Scrum Professional
• 5 years mentoring, coaching &
training
• 18 years in QA, Business
Analysis, Project Management
and Business Architecture


A Peek Inside

AGILE


Agile Values
• Transparency
• Collaboration
• Self-organized teams
• Response to change
– Customer needs
– Team growth
– Process Improvement
A Way of Thinking!


Agile is not


Nor is it


Agile is about Collaboration

Project Software
Management Development

Product
Management


Progress is Visual & Predictive
• How are we doing?

Each Sprint

Toward our Goals


Progress is more than
• % Complete
– We are either Done or Not Done
• Gantt Charts
– Show us where we have been, do little to predict
where we are going


Agile Project Management
• Integrates Corporate Project Governance
– Plans, Reports, Resource Allocation, Budgets
– Audit & Regulatory Requirements
WITH
– Real-time, honest, visual information radiators
– Sufficient adherence to Governance requirements


Agile Project Management
• Emphasizes collaboration and conversation
– Technology works based on agreement and
understanding of requirements
– Asking questions and offering solutions
NOT
– Blindly building to requirements that were
“signed-off”
– Taking orders without giving insight


Agile Product Management
• Controls the dialogue with
Customers, Management, Stakeholders
• Sets the direction of the Product
– In turn driving the team’s goals
• Is most successful when they are seen as a Team
Member
– Respectful of the process & knowledge required
to deliver


But!
It’s not always easy to be a Product Owner


Why Agile?

WHY NOW?


“The Way We Do It Now” is painful

2010 Project Success

21% Fail
37%
Success
Challenged
• late (100% median)
• over budget (50% median)
42% • lacking functionality
Challenge • low quality

Data from 50,000 projects 16
Copyright © by The Standish Group International, Inc.

And if history is any indicator…
Standish Chaos Reports: Project Success
60

50
% 50,000 Projects

40

30

20

10

0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2004 2006 2009 2010
% Success 16 27 26 28 29 35 32 37
% Challenged 53 33 46 49 53 46 44 42
% Failed 31 40 28 23 18 19 24 21


Is Agile Helping?
• “In 2002, agile projects made up less than 2% of
overall projects and less than 5% of new application
development projects. Today, agile projects account
for almost 9% of all projects and 29% of new
application development projects...

The increase in project success rates can directly tie
back to projects resolved through the agile process.”
2011 Chaos Manifesto
Copyright © by The Standish Group International, Inc


Wait! Is history an indicator?
Standish Chaos Reports: Project Success
60

50
% 50,000 Projects

40

30

20

10

0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2004 2006 2009 2010
% Success 16 27 26 28 29 35 32 37
% Challenged 53 33 46 49 53 46 44 42
% Failed 31 40 28 23 18 19 24 21


How much does Agile help?
Agile

9%

Waterfall 42%

14%
29% 49%
Successful
Challenged
Failed
57%

Data from 2002—2010
Copyright © 2011 by The Standish Group International, City, CA. All Rights Reserved.
© 2012 cPrime Inc., Foster Inc.

Some Key Benefits of Agile
84% Improvement in ability to respond to changing priorities

77% Greater project visibility

72% Improved team morale

71% Improved speed-to-market

What were motivations of companies to adopt Agile that
didn’t pan out?
• Cost Savings
• Better ability to manage distributed teams

Copyright @2011. Version One, Inc.
2011 State of Agile Development Survey of© 2012 cPrime Inc., Foster City, CA. All Rights Reserved.
over 6000 Agile practitioners.

Where does Agile make sense?

AGILE POSSIBILITIES


2 Distinct Options
Scrum Kanban
• Iterative, cyclic, planned • Incremental, immediate
response to change response to change
• Manage on monthly, • Manage on “patch” or
quarterly, annual Roadmap “continuous release” basis
• Change in Priority • Change in Priority
addressed between Sprints addressed continuously
• Delivery Content limited by • Delivery Content limited by
# of Resources and Release # of Resources
Dates


Scrum is Cyclic
Work items are
prioritized between
cycles

24

Inner Scrum Cycles provide regular opportunity to
adjust to reality

• Priorities shift between
Sprints
– (no more than 30 days to
respond to change, ideal
is 2 weeks)
• Tasks shift as quickly as
possible
– (respond to change no
less than daily)
• Issues addressed
immediately
– (respond to issues no less
than daily)

25

Kanban is Steady

Work items arrive in a
steady stream, are
prioritized daily, hourly
or “regularly”

26

Fit with Project Management
Scrum Kanban
• Budget Plan based on • Budget Plan based on
Release Dates, Resources
Development Estimates and
Resources
• Supports cross-platform and • Supports isolated or
Program-level integration independent changes well
well • Target Content-Driven
• Target Date-Driven Releases!
Releases!


Progress is… Visual
Scrum Kanban
• Sprint Burn-Down • Cumulative Flow
– Work remaining – State of Work in Progress
• Release Burn-Up • Cycle Time
– Requirements delivered – From Request to Delivery
toward the goal – Between each step in the
process


Agile Process Selection
Consideration Scrum Kanban

How long will customers wait ? Weeks, Months, Quarters Minutes, Hours, Days
Weeks
How many dependencies or A few to many 0 to a few simple
integration points? integration points or integration points
complex integrations
How often do changes in Rarely. Changes in Regularly. And our
priority affect our plan? priority can be addressed business model does not
in the next Sprint. allow us to say “no”
How many resources are 5 or more with shared 3 or fewer (in total) or
available to work on projects? technical expertise & each team member is a
knowledge (generalists) “specialist” in their area


Most Likely Agile Process
• A Mix of Scrum and Kanban (and, admittedly, waterfall)
• Scrum
– New application development
– Enhancement and defect resolution in
complex/dependent systems
• Kanban
– Immediate response to Customer Production
Issues
– Independent/Low-complexity systems


Real World Example
• Scrum Application Development Team
– Quarterly new feature releases for a mature product
– Defect resolution, technical debt reduction, platform
stability
– Complex, complicated system with low-degree of
regression testing automation
• Kanban Response Teams
– Patch Releases for immediate production support needs
– BI/Report development
– Infrastructure Support (h/w, DB, OS)


Hybrid Project Management

Release
Waterfall Project M1 T1 M2
Release
Agile Project
Team A A1 A2 A3 A4 A5
Scrum
Teams
Team B B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6

Sprint 1 Sprint 2 Sprint 3

Now multiply the dependencies, projects and resources by
Your reality… you can see that Agile isn’t Easy…

32

Where We are Seeing Agile…
Scrum Kanban
• New Application Dev • Production Support
• Major/minor enhancements • BI/Report Development
• Brand development • Art Design & Production
• Marketing Campaigns • Ux Design
• Large enterprises with • Patch Releases
quarterly/timed release • Marketing Collateral
schedules • Press Releases


WHAT’S NEXT?


How Agile are you?
• Glacial Flow
– Our waterfall may eventually thaw to release the waters of
delivery
– Maybe.
– Someday?


How Agile are you?
• Maybe too rapid…
– Class 6 Rapids - “Whitewater, typically with huge waves, huge rocks
and hazards, huge drops… almost inescapable hydraulic… considered
hazardous even for expert paddlers using state-of-the-art
equipment, and come with the warning "danger to life or limb."


Agile Maturity Levels
• Iterative
– Big Bang Deliveries, Big Requirements
– Iterative Development, Follow-on QA
• Incremental
– Regular Deliveries, Smaller Requirements
– Iterative Development, QA side-by-side
• Evolutionary
– Continuous Delivery, Small Requirements
– Test-First Development


Take Your Next Step
• Identify Current State  Goal State
• Define achievable interim goals and ownership
• Inspect Progress Regularly (Metrics)
• Adapt to reality
• Share Successes & Learn from Experience


cPrime is here to Help!
Engaged for your project management success.


What Services We Offer
Consulting
When you need expert advice, our consultants can help
• Solution Architects – Assess , design, and drive solutions for your Agile transformation
• Coaches – Mentor and guide your Agile Teams through their growing pains
• Technical Experts – Install, configure, and train your people on tools required for the new Agile process
• Engagement Managers – Manage the logistics, scheduling, and resources for your Agile transformation

Training
For individuals and organizations. Public. Private. On-site. On-line.
• Practical “how it’s done” training for Agile processes
• Certification Based Training - PMP®, PMI ACP, Certified ScrumMaster, Certified Product Owner,
PgMp(SM), Etc.
• Customized Trainings – Customized trainings for the PMO & Technology groups in every format (Instructor-led,
e-learning, training portals)
• We’re Accredited! - We are a Registered Education provider for the PMI.

Staffing
Full-time employment, Executive Search, Consulting, and Contract to Hire
• ScrumMasters, Product Owners, Project Managers, Business Analysts & Technical
Experts - From one resource to a complete team
• Technology Experts – In test and deployment automation, continuous integration, agile project-management tools,
Oracle, SAP, Business Intelligence, E-Commerce, Web Applications, SharePoint & more.
• Specialized Recruiting Process - HR and IT technical experts ensure we find the right person, every time.


A Peek Inside Agile: Understanding Scrum & Kanban

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