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1. September 26, 2009 Type of Conditionals First conditional Real condition (if + simple present + will + base form) Second conditional Unreal conditonal (if + simple past + would + base form) Third conditional Past unreal condition (if + past perfect + would have + past participle) Zero conditional No condition at all or a factual conditional (if + simple present + simple present) Explanation: Zero Conditional: it usually talks about general true. First Conditional: its call real conditional because it used in real or possible situations. Second Conditional: it’s used for unreal and impossible situations. Third Conditional: it concerns only with past situations with hypothetical results. Examples: If I win the lottery I will quit my job. (real condition) If I had money I’d spend it. (second conditional) If I had had a new car, I’d had sold the old one. (third conditional) If the sun is out, I probably go to the beach. (zero conditional) Changes these simple sentences to complex sentences: His name is bob. He is a famous professional writer. He is a baseball player. R: the boy who is a famous professional writer and a baseball player is bob. She has a big house in Coronado. This house has two floors. R: My sister usually sleeps in class. She stays up after midnight. R: she usually sleeps in class, because she stays up after midnight. They are very cute. Girls like them. Girls usually look for them. R: girls usually are cute, PRACTICE 1 First conditional: If I buy a motorcycle, I will reach sooner to my job. If she married soon, she will lose her young spirit. If I get 3, 0000 dollars, I will build my house. Second conditional: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation. If I had a lot of money, I won’t stay here. If Sonia had the money, she would buy a Ferrari. Third conditional: If I had had the power, I would lift up 125 tons. If I had found the store, I would have bought those candies. If John had had one wife, he wouldn’t get the VIH virus. Zero conditional: If Marcos gets up late, he reaches late to his job. If my mother doesn’t cook today, we go out and eat. If it rains, we cannot go to the river. Factual conditional: If a bird is happy, it sings. You see a lot of bears if you live in Montana. My cat moves her tail a lot if she’s nervous. If I needed help. She gave it to me. Future conditional: express what will happen in the future if certain conditions occur. They are often used to make predictions or suggestions. If you study, you’ll pass the test. If you go to New York next week, you’ll see the show. Present Unreal Conditionals: have a past form of the verb in the if clause and would/could/might + base form in the result clause. If we had a car, we would drive to the mall. Were is used for all persons of be in the if clause (I, you, she, he, we, they were) If I were the teacher, I’d give a lot less homework. The is clause expresses a condition that is not true at the present time. And the result clause tells what would happen if this untrue condition were true. If I were a cat, I would sleep all day. If I had time, I would study another language. If I had a lot of money, If I were you, I wouldn’t worry. Past unreal conditionals: are used to talk about conditions that were not true in the past. If I had study, I would have passed the test. PRACTICE 2 Please specifies if these sentences are: unreal, real, factual and past unreal. If I make exercises, it makes me feel good. (Factual or zero conditional) because it usually talks about general true. I’ll tell him if he comes. (first conditional) If I had had enough time, I would have helped you. (third conditional or unreal conditional) Bob would handled things differently, If he had been in charge. (third conditional) If she’d tried harder, she might have succeeded. ( second conditional) If students work hard, they may pass the exams. ( zero or factual conditional) They might have passed the tests if they had studied at a good school. (third conditional) If you need help, just ask me. ( zero or factual conditional) If it snowed in Panama, we would be surprised. (Second conditional) Let me know if you have complains. (zero or factual conditional) For the next class the test will carry: Parts of a speech Definition(theory) Identification Make sentences Clauses Definition(theory) Parts Types Underline the conditional Write the name Page 180 - 186 All Conditional Forms Conditional Overview with Examples Present Real ConditionalPresent Unreal ConditionalIf I have time, I study English.Sometimes I have time.If I had time, I would study English. I don't have time.Past Real ConditionalPast Unreal ConditionalIf I had time, I studied English. Sometimes I had time.If I had had time, I would have studied English.I didn't have time.Future Real ConditionalFuture Unreal ConditionalIf I have time, I will study English.If I have time, I am going to study English.I don't know if I will have time or not.Other forms possible.If I had time, I would study English.I won't have time.Other forms possible. There are four kinds of conditional sentence in English. 1: The Zero Conditional: We make it with: if + present simple ... present simple For example: If you sit in the sun for too long, you get burned. We use the zero conditional when we're talking about a result that will always happen. If the first part of the sentence is true, than the second will always follow. If you sit in the sun for too long, you'll always get burned - it's a natural consequence. Here are some more examples: If you heat water to 100%, it boils. If we eat too much, we put on weight. If I eat peanuts, I get sick. If you mix hydrogen and oxygen, you get water. Things to note: With the zero conditional we are talking in general, not about one particular instance. We can usually replace the 'if' with 'when' without changing the meaning. We can change the order of the two parts: it's fine to say: You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen. 2: The First Conditional: We make it with: if + present simple, ... will + infinitive For example: If it rains tomorrow, we'll go to the cinema. We use the first conditional to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know exactly what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things that might come true. Here are some more examples: If I have enough money, I'll buy a new dress. If the train is delayed, we'll be late. If she doesn't study, she'll fail the exam. If John keeps eating chocolate, he'll be sick. Things to note: We can also change the order of the two parts in the first conditional: I'll buy a new dress if I have enough money. 3: The Second Conditional: We make it with: if + past simple, ... would + infinitive For example: If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world. We use the second conditional in two situations: 1) to talk about things in the future that probably won't happen. It could be that I'm imagining something I'd like that's very unlikely. For example: If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house. Another example: If I met George Clooney, I would marry him. 2) to talk about something in the present that is impossible, because the first part of the sentence isn't true. For example: If I had her number, I would call her (but I don't have her number) Another example: If I had enough time, I would help you. Things to note: With the verb 'be', when we use 'I' and 'he / she / it' after the 'if' and before the past simple, we often use 'were' and not 'was'. For example: If I were you, I wouldn't take that job. We can also swap the order in the second conditional: I would travel around the world if I had a lot of money. 4: The Third Conditional: We make it with: if + past perfect, ... would + have + past participle For example: If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train. We use the third conditional to talk about the past, and to describe a situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this situation. Here are some more examples: If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass) If I hadn't studied English, I wouldn't have become a teacher (but I did study English). If we'd woken up earlier, we wouldn't have missed the plane. If they'd gone to bed at ten, they wouldn't be so tired today.