1. Mr. Hunter
04/08/2013
Chapter 14
Exam Review Questions
NAME____________________ DATE_________ PER#______
1. Biogenesis can be defined as ______________ pg. 279
2. Spontaneous generation can be defined as __________ pg. 279
3. An isotope of an element has_____ a different number of _____
4. One of the observations that led people to think that life could arise from
nonliving things was that ___________ observed by Redi. pg. 279
5. The purpose of the netting in Redi’s experiment was to prevent_____ pg. 279
6. Describe the experimental group in Spallanzini’s experiment_______ pg. 280
7. How did Spallanzani’s opponents disagree with his conclusion that
microorganism from the air contaminated the boiled meat broth.? Pg. 280
8. What was the function of the In Pasteur’s experiment, the function of the
curved necked flasks in Pasteur’s experiment? Pg. 281
9. Which scientist conclusively demonstrated that the principle of spontaneous
Generation was not correct? Pg. 281
10. How do scientists theorize that the Earth formed? Pg. 282
11. The age of the Earth is estimated to be _________ pg. 282
12. Sulfur has an atomic number of 16. Therefore, the isotope sulfur-35
has _____ protons and _____neutrons
13. When performing radioactive dating scientists measure the ________pg. 283
14. Carbon-14 dating is useful for estimating the age of _____ pg. 284
15. Determining the age of a rock by comparing relative proportions of its radioactive
isotopes is called_____ pg. 282-283
16. The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus is the ____ pg. 282
17. A half-life can be defined as _____ pg. 283
18. Before life arose on this planet, what gas was present in the atmosphere?_____
pg. 284-285
19. What type of organic molecules were Miller and Urey able to produce in their
1953 experiment?___ pg. 285
20. Thomas Cech found a type of RNA that can act as a catalyst in some chemical
reactions. What did he call this type of RNA molecule?______ pg. 288
21. Which of the following is true of microspheres and living cells?___ pg. 286
22. Aerobic respiration requires what type of gas to be present? ____ pg. 288-289
23. Aerobic respiration may have protected early unicellular organisms from
damage by_____ pg. 288-289
24. What role did ozone play in the evolution of early life on this planet? Pg. 289

2. 25. Based on the conditions of the early Earth, and experimentation, scientists
have inferred that the first cellular life-forms were anaerobic prokaryotes and
that they used ________ pg. 289-290
26. The first organisms on Earth were probably______pg. 289-290
27. The eukaryotic organelle that is thought to have evolved from aerobic prokaryotes
is the ________ pg. 290
28. Eukaryotes may have evolved from _____ pg. 290
29. Which of the following enabled the formation of true cells on early Earth? Pg.
289
30. What theory proposes a method for the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotic
Organisms from prokaryotyes?____ pg. 290
31. The oldest known fossil organisms are about 3.5 billion years old and are
Similar to_______pg. 286-291
32. Oxygen began to enter the atmosphere of the early Earth as a result of____ pg.
289
33. The forerunners of the first cells may have been the gathering of
Protein molecules into ______ pg. 286-289
34. Some scientists believe that areas that were protected from the atmosphere might
favor the production of organic compounds on early Earth because___ pg. 285-
289
35. The half-life of an isotope affects its usefulness in dating specific types of rocks
because__________ pg. 284
36. The discovery of microspheres and coacervates were an important contribution in
understanding how life might have originated on Earth because ____pg. 286
37. ___________ in the upper atmosphere is responsible for the absorption of UV
radiation. Pg. 289

3. The graph above represents the radioactive decay of an isotope. If the half life of Selium-45
Is 25,000 years.
38. How old is a rock that contains only 1/16 th of its original Selium-45?
39. If the half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 yrs, how many half lives have passed to obtain a
sample of carbon-14 at 50%?________
40. The half-life of boron-12 is 4500 yrs. How old is a sample that contains only 25%
Of boron-12? __________