2. WHAT IS EARTH SCIENCE?
The study of Earth’s interior, rocks and soil,
atmosphere, oceans and outer space.
3. SEARTH SCIENCE IS ABOUT CONNECTIONS
Today scientists look more for the connections
among the different parts of the Earth- its
oceans, atmosphere, living things and rocks
and soil.
4. HEAT ENERGY FROM INSIDE THE EARTH AND RADIATION FROM
THE SUN PROVIDE ENERGY FOR EARTH’S PROCESSES.
EARTH SCIENCE VOCABULARY
• Energy- the ability to cause
change.
• Evaporation- the process by
which liquid changes into
gas.
• Convection- hot material
rises, cools, then sinks until
it is heated enough to rise
again.
• Radiation- energy that
moves in certain types of
waves.
5. WHY IS EARTH SCIENCE IMPORTANT?
Understanding Earth’s
processes makes it possible
to:
• Know what types of crops
to plant and when to plant
them
• Know when to watch for
dangerous weather
• Predict a volcano’s eruption
in time to save people
6. CHAPTER 1: VIEWS OF EARTH TODAY
BIG IDEA:
Modern technology has
changed the way we view
and map the Earth.
KEY CONCEPT 1.1:
Technology is used to
explore the Earth system.
7. Click on the following link to begin the journey
courtesy of the Discovery Channel.
We know how fire destroys, but how does it
create?
8. THE EARTH SYSTEM
Has four major parts:
Biosphere Hydrosphere
Geosphere Atmosphere
ANTHROSPHERE
9. The FIVE Parts of the Earth System
System- an organized group of parts
that work together to form a whole
ATMOSPHERE: THE MIXTURE OF
GASES THAT SURROUNDS AND
PROTECTS THE EARTH
COMPOSITION:
•NITROGEN (78%)
•OXYGEN (21%)
•CARBON DIOXIDE
•WATER VAPOR
•OTHER GASES
STUDIED WITH:
•WEATHER BALLONS
•PLANES
•SATELLITES
10. The FIVE Parts of the Earth System
HYDROSPHERE: MADE UP OF ALL THE
WATER ON THE EARTH (OCEANS,
LAKES, GLACIERS, RIVERS,
UNDERGROUND)
WATER COVERS ¾ OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE
• ONLY 3% IS FRESH WATER
• NEARLY 70% IS IN GLACIERS AND POLAR ICE
CAPS
STUDIED WITH:
• DEEP –SEA VEHICLES
• BUOYS
• SATELLITE IMAGES
• DIVING SUITS
AFFECTS THE ATMOSPHERE WHEN WARM/COLD
OCEAN CURRENTS INTERACT WITH WIND
11. The FIVE Parts of the Earth System
BIOSPHERE: INCLUDES ALL LIFE
ON EARTH (IN THE AIR,
WATER, AND ON LAND)
STUDIED WITH:
• SATELLITE PHOTOS TRACK
YEARLY CHANGES IN PLANT
AND ANIMAL LIFE
• SPECIAL EQUIPMENT
ALLOWS SCIENTISTS TO
STUDY PLACES WITHOUT
HARMING THEM
WHEN TREES EXCHANGE GASES
THE BIOSPHERE INTERACTS
WITH THE ATMOSPHERE
12. The FIVE Parts of the Earth System
GEOSPHERE: ALL FEATURES ON
THE EARTH’S SURFACE (CRUST)
ALONG WITH THE MANTLE,
INNER AND OUTER CORES.
STUDIED WITH:
• SATELLITE IMAGES
• SOUND WAVES
• COMPUTER MODELING
MATTER MOVES FROM THE
GEOSPHERE TO THE
ATMOSPHERE WHEN
VOLCANOES EXPLODE
13. The FIVE Parts of the Earth System
ANTHROSPHERE: THE PART OF
THE ENVIRONMENT THAT IS
MODIFIED BY HUMANS FOR
USE IN HUMAN ACTIVITIES
AND HABITATS
STUDIED WITH:
• CENSUS
• OBSERVING AND TRACKING
MOVEMENTS AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
THE ANTHROSPHERE AND
HYDROSPHERE INTERACT
DURING A TSUNAMI.
14. ALL FIVE PARTS OF THE SYSTEM
SHAPE THE PLANET’S SURFACE
• Atmosphere and Hydrosphere- Not even the hardest
stone can withstand the forces of wind and water.
Over millions of years rain, wind, and moving water
carved the Grand Canyon.
15. • Geosphere: Landmasses pushing together
have set off earthquakes and formed
volcanoes and mountain ranges like the Andes
around the world.
16. • Biosphere: Plants, animals and humans have
also changed the Earth. Walking or riding a
bike over open land changes the surface of
the planet.
How does this picture
show all five parts of the
Earth system working
together?
