Unit 3 AP GOV supplemental information

1. Lobbying and the
Legislative Process
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and the Bryce Harlow
Foundation

2. Definition
• Advocate:
To defend or maintain a cause or proposal; to
petition for change using the art of persuading
others
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation

3. Definition
• Lobby:
To promote (as for a project) or secure the
passage of (as for legislation) by influencing
public officials through education; to attempt to
influence or sway (as for a public official) toward
a desired action by substantive debate
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation

4. Players and Decision
Makers
• President and the cabinet
• Members of Congress
• Governors and mayors
• Individual citizens
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation

5. Players and Decision
Makers (cont’d)
• Individual companies
• Trade Associations
• Labor unions and consumer groups
• Law firms and lobbying groups
• Public Relations Firms
• Grassroots Firms
• Polling Firms
• Interest Groups
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation

6. First Amendment
Freedoms
• Freedom of religion
• Freedom of speech
• Freedom of press
• Right to petition
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation

7. Lobbying Regulations
• Honest Leadership and Open
Government Act of 2007
• Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995
• Foreign Agents Registration Act
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation

8. Lobbying Regulations
(cont’d)
• Congressional Ethics Rules—The Gift Ban
• Post-Employment Lobbying by Federal
Officials
• Campaign Laws and Political Action
Committees
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation

9. Reflection
• Is lobbying a negative or positive part of
the legislative process?
• How effective are lobbyists?
• What are the best ways for decision
makers to acquire information?
• Are the laws that currently govern
lobbying effective?
Developed by the Close Up Foundation CLOSEUP.ORG
and the Bryce Harlow Foundation