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THE ROLES OF THE PRESIDENT
COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF
   Article 2, section 2, clause 1 of the constitution makes the
    president Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
   This gives the president supreme authority over the military
    in choosing where to send troops as well as assigning the
    commanders and firing them.
   Even though the president is in charge of the armed forces,
    Congress is the only branch with the power to declare war
    on a foreign nation.
PRESIDENTIAL USES OF THIS POWER
   Some presidents choose to be involved very closely
    with the military, helping to choose tactics and staying
    in close touch with the commanders.
   Some examples of these types are Abraham Lincoln
    and Lyndon B. Johnson, who were very involved in
    the tactics and day-to-day operations of the armed
    forces.
   Others, however, choose to remain distant, allowing
    those they appoint to make decisions and
    concentrating their power elsewhere.
   An example of this is Woodrow Wilson during Word
    War 1, who did not get involved in the actual war very
    much.
HOW IT IS USED
  Presidents have
found various uses
of their power over
the armed forces.
 Some choose to use it
 domestically like George
 Washington during the Whiskey Rebellion or how
   Andrew Jackson threatened to use it when South
   Carolina threatened to secede.
 Others use it abroad as is demonstrated in wares like
   World War II and Vietnam.
CURRENT EVENT
   http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2013/01/03/u-s-likely-to-keep-
    thousands-of-troops-in-afghanistan-after-nato-forces-
    leave/?iref=allsearch
   The link above leads to an article which talks about the amount of
    troops that will remain in Afghanistan after 2014.
   Although it talks about the Commander making plans for a certain
    amount, the decision ultimately rests on the President’s shoulders
    alone.
   It is up to the president how much he wants to take his
    commanders’ opinions on certain matters.
CHIEF OF THE PARTY



   As Chief of the party, the president is
   expected to make any necessary actions in
   order to endorse and properly represent his
   party.
CHIEF OF THE PARTY
 The Chief of the Party aids his party members
  get elected, (i.e. rallying for a part nominee to
  be elected into the United States Senate).
 The Chief of the Party is also the head of
  fundraising for that particular party.
 The Chief of the Party is expected to represent
  and provide leadership in the political party as a
  whole, and support their party’s agenda.
 The Chief of the Party also stays informed of
  their nation, especially their reactions to party
  endorsed programs.
EXAMPLES
   One example of President Richard Nixon acting as
    the Chief of the Party was when he appointed
    Republican Arlin M. Adams as a federal judge to the
    United States Court of Appeals. This action was
    President Nixon, as the Chief of Party, endorsing a
    fellow party member and appointing him to a certain
    office, the Federal Court.
   Another example of a President acting as the Chief of
    the Party would be President Barrack Obama
    appointing fellow Democrat Thomas J Vilisak to be
    the Secretary of agriculture. Once again, this is the
    President, as Chief of the Party, appointing a member
    of his own party to office.
CHIEF OF STATE
Roles of the President
THE CHIEF OF STATE DEFINED
 This role is an informal role of the President
 As Chief of State, the President is expected to:
     Represent the interests and ideals of the nation
      international
     Maintain a public persona domestically
     Perform symbolic functions on behalf of the nation,
      such as awarding scholarships
   This is the “celebrity” role of the President, and
    of fulfilling this role is the most likely time for the
    President to be criticized for having too much
    power or not doing enough.
EXAMPLES FROM HISTORY
 While the President can do many things to fulfill
 the Chief of State role, some Presidents
 establish traditions which their predecessors all
 follow. Here are two examples of such
 instances.
 In 1910, Howard Taft through the symbolic
   first pitch on Opening Day for the MLB. Every
   President since Taft has thrown the opening
   pitch for some major symbolic game, with the
   exception of Jimmy Carter.
 In 1947, President Truman received the first
   live presidential Thanksgiving Turkey. Every
   President since has received a Turkey, but in
   1989 George H.W. Bush became the first
   President to “pardon” the turkey. Every
   President since has done so, and the
   pardoned turkeys are sent to a special farm to
   live until they die of natural causes.
THE MODERN CHIEF OF STATE

President Obama has had many opportunities
to fill the role of Chief of State. In addition to
the usual traditions and events such as
scholarship presentation or greeting foreign
leaders, Obama has notably fulfilled
his role by visiting the
damage caused by
Hurricane Sandy.
THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE
THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE
   The President is like the CEO of America
   He or She must come up with an agenda, and carry it
    out with the resources available
   The President has to work with Congress in order to
    carry out their agenda
   In order to receive the necessary resources, they
    must compromise on issues
   However, the President has some help on running the
    country, from the Cabinet.
   The Cabinet is made up of the heads of various
    government agencies (ex. Departments of Defense,
    State, Treasury, etc..)
One of the most important and often underrated responsibilities of the
President is the Chief Diplomat of the United states of America


CHIEF DIPLOMAT
FOREIGN RELATIONS AND THE CONSTITUTION

As he is given this responsibility
  in the constitution, he is able
  to Negotiate treaties and,
  with congress's approval,
  enter into those negotiated
  treaties. He is also granted
  the informal power of
  entering into less heavily
  legislated executive
  agreements, in which he can
  "promise" or "agree to"
  certain means of conduct of
  the American government
  and other conditions in an
  attempt to influence foreign
  affairs in a more immediate
  and less formal manner.
FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND THE MILITARY
Perhaps the most influential
  position held by the president is
  that of Commander in Chief of
  the United States Army and
  Navy. As a part of this, he is also
  responsible for protecting
  American citizens when they
  travel abroad, and this is an
  essential part of his
  responsibilities as the Chief
  Diplomat of the United States.
  He is also responsible for
  directing the American armed
  forces abroad, and because of
  this power he can both use the
  army and navy to protect
  America's allies and alienate
  America's foes abroad.
CHIEF LEGISLATOR

 Definition: the role of the president in
  influencing the making of laws
 Presidents now compete with Congress in
  setting and enacting the country’s legislative
  agenda
 Important to keep in mind:
1) Congress has actual power to make laws
2) Constitution gives the president power to
   influence Congress in its lawmaking through
    *urging Congress to pass new laws
    *veto bills that they do not favor
ENUMERATED POWERS IN CONSTITUTION
Article 1 Section 7

1. Every bill passed by House and
   Senate will be presented to
   president before it becomes law
A) if approved shall be signed
B) if not, returned with objections

2. President has power to veto a bill
   before it becomes law
A) overridden by 2/3 vote in both
   houses of Congress
SHAPING LEGISLATION
   The President can take an indirect role in
    shaping legislation, especially if the
    president’s political party has a majority in
    one or both houses

Ex: president may draft legislation and then
 ask senators/reps to introduce them into
 Congress
Ex: make a State of Union
 address/Constitutionally mandated, periodic
 report to Congress (written/oral) to outline
 legislative proposals for coming yr
HISTORY
 Lincoln, Wilson, Roosevelt-drew upon powers
  in times of national crisis to increase influence
  over Congress and executive branch
 20th Century

*nation amidst 2 world wars, major depression
  and cold war-presidents increased their
  powers and influence @ cost of Congress
*Institutional Presidency has grown-White House
  Office has surrounded presidents in lawyers to
  enhance power and influence
CHIEF GUARDIAN OF THE ECONOMY
   Make sure the federal government’s budget is as
    profitable as possible by:

1. Creating jobs, training people for jobs, and providing
    them with necessary skills
2. Asking Congress to raise or lower federal taxes

  Monitors
*unemployment
*high prices
*taxes
*businesses profits
*general prosperity of country
BEHAVIORS
 President does not control economy but is
  expected to help it run smoothly
 Expected to:
1) Meet with economic advisors to discuss
   ways to reduce unemployment
2) Meet with business and labor leaders to
   discuss their needs and problems
3) Create economic plan to ensure jobs and
   work with Congress on fair tax plans for the
   American people
EMPLOYMENT ACT
 Requires president to submit annual economic
  report
 Created Council of Economic Advisors to
  advise president on economic matters
   *serves as basis for president’s annual
  economic report
 Requires government

to promote economic
development
RESPONSIBILITIES-DEPARTMENT OF
 TREASURY
*forefront of President’s efforts to promote the economic
   prosperity, fiscal stability, and financial security of the US
*responsible for promoting economic prosperity and
   ensuring the soundness and security of US financial
   systems
*operates and maintains systems critical to the nation's
   financial infrastructure such as:
1) production of coin and currency
2) disbursement of payments to the American public
3) collection of taxes
4) borrowing of funds necessary to run the federal
   government

*works to raise standards of living and predict/prevent
   economic and financial crises
*implements economic sanctions against foreign threats to

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Roles of the president

  • 1. THE ROLES OF THE PRESIDENT
  • 2. COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF  Article 2, section 2, clause 1 of the constitution makes the president Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.  This gives the president supreme authority over the military in choosing where to send troops as well as assigning the commanders and firing them.  Even though the president is in charge of the armed forces, Congress is the only branch with the power to declare war on a foreign nation.
  • 3. PRESIDENTIAL USES OF THIS POWER  Some presidents choose to be involved very closely with the military, helping to choose tactics and staying in close touch with the commanders.  Some examples of these types are Abraham Lincoln and Lyndon B. Johnson, who were very involved in the tactics and day-to-day operations of the armed forces.  Others, however, choose to remain distant, allowing those they appoint to make decisions and concentrating their power elsewhere.  An example of this is Woodrow Wilson during Word War 1, who did not get involved in the actual war very much.
  • 4. HOW IT IS USED  Presidents have found various uses of their power over the armed forces.  Some choose to use it domestically like George Washington during the Whiskey Rebellion or how Andrew Jackson threatened to use it when South Carolina threatened to secede.  Others use it abroad as is demonstrated in wares like World War II and Vietnam.
  • 5. CURRENT EVENT  http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2013/01/03/u-s-likely-to-keep- thousands-of-troops-in-afghanistan-after-nato-forces- leave/?iref=allsearch  The link above leads to an article which talks about the amount of troops that will remain in Afghanistan after 2014.  Although it talks about the Commander making plans for a certain amount, the decision ultimately rests on the President’s shoulders alone.  It is up to the president how much he wants to take his commanders’ opinions on certain matters.
  • 6. CHIEF OF THE PARTY As Chief of the party, the president is expected to make any necessary actions in order to endorse and properly represent his party.
  • 7. CHIEF OF THE PARTY  The Chief of the Party aids his party members get elected, (i.e. rallying for a part nominee to be elected into the United States Senate).  The Chief of the Party is also the head of fundraising for that particular party.  The Chief of the Party is expected to represent and provide leadership in the political party as a whole, and support their party’s agenda.  The Chief of the Party also stays informed of their nation, especially their reactions to party endorsed programs.
  • 8. EXAMPLES  One example of President Richard Nixon acting as the Chief of the Party was when he appointed Republican Arlin M. Adams as a federal judge to the United States Court of Appeals. This action was President Nixon, as the Chief of Party, endorsing a fellow party member and appointing him to a certain office, the Federal Court.  Another example of a President acting as the Chief of the Party would be President Barrack Obama appointing fellow Democrat Thomas J Vilisak to be the Secretary of agriculture. Once again, this is the President, as Chief of the Party, appointing a member of his own party to office.
  • 9. CHIEF OF STATE Roles of the President
  • 10. THE CHIEF OF STATE DEFINED  This role is an informal role of the President  As Chief of State, the President is expected to:  Represent the interests and ideals of the nation international  Maintain a public persona domestically  Perform symbolic functions on behalf of the nation, such as awarding scholarships  This is the “celebrity” role of the President, and of fulfilling this role is the most likely time for the President to be criticized for having too much power or not doing enough.
  • 11. EXAMPLES FROM HISTORY While the President can do many things to fulfill the Chief of State role, some Presidents establish traditions which their predecessors all follow. Here are two examples of such instances.  In 1910, Howard Taft through the symbolic first pitch on Opening Day for the MLB. Every President since Taft has thrown the opening pitch for some major symbolic game, with the exception of Jimmy Carter.  In 1947, President Truman received the first live presidential Thanksgiving Turkey. Every President since has received a Turkey, but in 1989 George H.W. Bush became the first President to “pardon” the turkey. Every President since has done so, and the pardoned turkeys are sent to a special farm to live until they die of natural causes.
  • 12. THE MODERN CHIEF OF STATE President Obama has had many opportunities to fill the role of Chief of State. In addition to the usual traditions and events such as scholarship presentation or greeting foreign leaders, Obama has notably fulfilled his role by visiting the damage caused by Hurricane Sandy.
  • 14. THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE  The President is like the CEO of America  He or She must come up with an agenda, and carry it out with the resources available  The President has to work with Congress in order to carry out their agenda  In order to receive the necessary resources, they must compromise on issues  However, the President has some help on running the country, from the Cabinet.  The Cabinet is made up of the heads of various government agencies (ex. Departments of Defense, State, Treasury, etc..)
  • 15. One of the most important and often underrated responsibilities of the President is the Chief Diplomat of the United states of America CHIEF DIPLOMAT
  • 16. FOREIGN RELATIONS AND THE CONSTITUTION As he is given this responsibility in the constitution, he is able to Negotiate treaties and, with congress's approval, enter into those negotiated treaties. He is also granted the informal power of entering into less heavily legislated executive agreements, in which he can "promise" or "agree to" certain means of conduct of the American government and other conditions in an attempt to influence foreign affairs in a more immediate and less formal manner.
  • 17. FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND THE MILITARY Perhaps the most influential position held by the president is that of Commander in Chief of the United States Army and Navy. As a part of this, he is also responsible for protecting American citizens when they travel abroad, and this is an essential part of his responsibilities as the Chief Diplomat of the United States. He is also responsible for directing the American armed forces abroad, and because of this power he can both use the army and navy to protect America's allies and alienate America's foes abroad.
  • 18. CHIEF LEGISLATOR  Definition: the role of the president in influencing the making of laws  Presidents now compete with Congress in setting and enacting the country’s legislative agenda  Important to keep in mind: 1) Congress has actual power to make laws 2) Constitution gives the president power to influence Congress in its lawmaking through *urging Congress to pass new laws *veto bills that they do not favor
  • 19. ENUMERATED POWERS IN CONSTITUTION Article 1 Section 7 1. Every bill passed by House and Senate will be presented to president before it becomes law A) if approved shall be signed B) if not, returned with objections 2. President has power to veto a bill before it becomes law A) overridden by 2/3 vote in both houses of Congress
  • 20. SHAPING LEGISLATION  The President can take an indirect role in shaping legislation, especially if the president’s political party has a majority in one or both houses Ex: president may draft legislation and then ask senators/reps to introduce them into Congress Ex: make a State of Union address/Constitutionally mandated, periodic report to Congress (written/oral) to outline legislative proposals for coming yr
  • 21. HISTORY  Lincoln, Wilson, Roosevelt-drew upon powers in times of national crisis to increase influence over Congress and executive branch  20th Century *nation amidst 2 world wars, major depression and cold war-presidents increased their powers and influence @ cost of Congress *Institutional Presidency has grown-White House Office has surrounded presidents in lawyers to enhance power and influence
  • 22. CHIEF GUARDIAN OF THE ECONOMY  Make sure the federal government’s budget is as profitable as possible by: 1. Creating jobs, training people for jobs, and providing them with necessary skills 2. Asking Congress to raise or lower federal taxes  Monitors *unemployment *high prices *taxes *businesses profits *general prosperity of country
  • 23. BEHAVIORS  President does not control economy but is expected to help it run smoothly  Expected to: 1) Meet with economic advisors to discuss ways to reduce unemployment 2) Meet with business and labor leaders to discuss their needs and problems 3) Create economic plan to ensure jobs and work with Congress on fair tax plans for the American people
  • 24. EMPLOYMENT ACT  Requires president to submit annual economic report  Created Council of Economic Advisors to advise president on economic matters *serves as basis for president’s annual economic report  Requires government to promote economic development
  • 25. RESPONSIBILITIES-DEPARTMENT OF TREASURY *forefront of President’s efforts to promote the economic prosperity, fiscal stability, and financial security of the US *responsible for promoting economic prosperity and ensuring the soundness and security of US financial systems *operates and maintains systems critical to the nation's financial infrastructure such as: 1) production of coin and currency 2) disbursement of payments to the American public 3) collection of taxes 4) borrowing of funds necessary to run the federal government *works to raise standards of living and predict/prevent economic and financial crises *implements economic sanctions against foreign threats to