Industrial Air Pollution studying Bhopal Gas Tragedy and Its impact in ecolog...
World War I (pt. 1 of 3 part series)
1. Bellringer- SPI 7.3
• A major goal of reformers
during the Progressive Era
was to
A. end segregation in the
South
B. correct the abuses of big
business
C. limit immigration from
Latin America
D. enact high tariffs to help
domestic industry grow
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3. TN Curriculum Standards:
• 1.0-Understand the social tensions and their
consequences after the turn of the century.
• 4.0-Understand the governmental policies
that affected America and the world during
the 1890s-1930s.
• 5.0- Understand the role of the United States
in world affairs.
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5. Reasons 4 War
World War I was fought for 4 MAIN
reasons:
• Militarism
• Alliances
• Imperialism
• Nationalism
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6. Forming Alliances
Germany had quickly become
one of the most powerful
nations in the world.
*Prussia helped Germany
recover land that had been
taken by the French.
This made Germany and
France bitter enemies.
• Germany knew that they
needed to form alliances
with other countries to
protect their interests.
• They formed what is
known as the Triple
Alliance.
Triple Alliance-
• Germany
• Italy
• Austria-Hungary
(G. I. A.)
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8. Russia Makes Friends
The Triple Allliance made Russia nervous.
Russians feared that the combined
strength of the new alliance would push
them to try to take over Russian
territories.
Russia and Austria-Hungary were bitter
enemies.
To protect their interest, Russia decided
to form their own alliance with France.
It would later come to include Great
Britain and the U. S.- the Triple Entente
or “Allies”
• (G.R. U. F. )
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9. MILITARISM
• Both set of alliances
encouraged militarism.
• militarism- the
aggressive build up of
armed forces to
intimidated and
threaten other nations.
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11. ARMS RACE
Germany began building up their navy- this caused great
concern for Britain who at the time had the best navy.
Great Britain and Germany began competing to build
warships.
The Brits competition with the Germans made
them come closer to signing an alliance with
Russia and France.
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13. NATIONALISM
• Nationalism began to spread across Europe
around this same time.
• -nationalism-a feeling of intense pride in one’s
homeland, culture, or beliefs.
• -As a result of nationalism, lands and people
that had been conquered because of
imperialism began to rebel. These people
began to push and fight for their
independence.
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14. Nationalism
The ethnic groups that had been conquered by Austria-Hungary hated
the Germans and the Hungarians.
They rebelled against them at every chance they got. Out of all of the
ethnic groups (Czechs, poles, Bosnians, Ruthians, Jews, Gypsies,
…etc.) that were rebelling, the Serbians got their independence first.
-The Serbians wanted to take Bosnia, but Austria-Hungary annexed it.
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15. THE BLACK HANDS
• A Serbian terrorist
group named the Black
Hand, began to come
up with ways to punish
Austria Hungary.
• The Black Hands
advocated violence and
even used mailbox
bombs to terrorize their
enemies.
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16. Franz Ferdinand
-As he was riding through the streets, a Serbian nationalist (Gavrilo
Princip) shot and killed him. His wife was also shot to death.
*Franz Ferdinand was actually sympathetic to the Serbians.
In June 1914, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne Archduke Franz
Ferdinand, traveled to the capital of Bosnia.
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18. DRAWING A LINE IN THE
SAND
Austria-Hungary
immediately blamed
Serbia. They issued
Serbia a 14 pt. ultimatum
that they knew Serbia
would never agree to.
As expected, Serbia did
not agree. Austria-
Hungary declared war on
Serbia.
Since Serbia was aligned
with Russia and Austria-
Hungary with Germany,
all of the alliance systems
entered into the war.
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19. Germany’s Agenda (Schlieffen Plan)
Germany’s plan was to launch a quick strike against France and
knock them out of the war.
In order for them to pull this off, they would have to go through
Belgium.
The only problem with going through Belgium was the fact that
Belgium was neutral.
Britain had promised the Belgians that they could remain neutral.
When Germany stormed through Belgium, this immediately made
Britain declare war on Germany.
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21. nEw aLLIANcES
• Italy switched sides and
joined the Allied Powers
(Great Britain, France,
Russia, Italy, and later
the U. S.).
• The Central Powers
were made up of
Germany, Austria-
Hungary, the Ottoman
Empire, and Bulgaria.
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22. AN UNEXPECTED ATTACK!
• The battle in France did not go
quite the way the Germans
expected. They had an
advantage over the British
and the French, but were
stunned when Russia invaded
Germany.
• They did not anticipate their
being able to mobilize so
quickly.
• They were forced to pull some
of their troop from the battle
in France to help fight against
the Russians in Germany. This
weakened the German force in
France.
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23. No Clear Winners
• This gave the Allied
forces a chance to
advance.
• Both sides were
eventually locked in a
stalemate in the
trenches (lasted about 3
years).
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24. THE HOME FRONT
• President Wilson was determined to keep the U.
S. out of the war. He declared the U. S. to be
neutral.
• Americans, particularly immigrant groups began
to take sides with their home countries. Other
Americans sided with the Allied Powers because
of the strong ties to Britain.
• Americans began to urge President Wilson to
begin building up our military in case we
eventually got drawn into the war.
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25. THE HOME FRONT
• Publicly, Wilson proclaimed that he was
neutral, but his sympathies were really with
the Britain and France.
• They shared a similar culture, language, and
ideals about liberty. Germany was more
militaristic in leadership.
• Wilson knew that America was a nation of
immigrants. He worried about how the war in
Europe would affect their loyalties.
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26. Divided We Fall?
• Although we weren’t
officially in the war,
American businesses
began to loan billions of
dollars to the Allied
Powers.
• Americans in the
Midwest loaned
millions to aid the
Germans.
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27. BRITISH PROPOGANDA
They mostly described how brutal and wretched the Germans
were.
*The British cut the telegraph cable from Europe to the U. S. This allowed
them to control all of the news that America got about the war.
They used propaganda(information designed to influence opinions).
The British routinely came up with ways to draw the
Americans into the war.
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28. British
Propaganda• The British labeled the
German ruler Kaiser
Wilhelm II as “the Mad
Dog of Europe” and
the “Beast of
Berlin”.
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30. British Naval Blockade
• Since Britain’s Navy had control of the seas,
they had no trouble setting up a blockade of
Germany.
• The U.S. was furious about the blockade
because it cut off their trade with Germany.
• In reality, the blockade had little economic
effect on the U.S. because the supplies we
were exporting to Britain to support their war
effort increased by 400%.
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31. Supplying the Brits
• The U.S. was exporting food, clothing, steel,
and munitions to Britain.
• This was enough to pull the U.S. out of the
recession that it had been in before the war.
• Supplying Britain with resources would
alienate Germany.
• They would soon retaliate by sinking ships
headed for Britain.
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32. Check 4 Understanding
• At the beginning of World War I, President
Woodrow Wilson followed a traditional United
States foreign policy by
A. refusing to permit trade with either side in
the conflict
B. sending troops to aid Great Britain
C. declaring American neutrality
D. requesting an immediate declaration of war
against the aggressors
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