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Bellringer- SPI 7.3
• A major goal of reformers
during the Progressive Era
was to
A. end segregation in the
South
B. correct the abuses of big
business
C. limit immigration from
Latin America
D. enact high tariffs to help
domestic industry grow
5/16/2013 1
World War I
Lecture I
5/16/2013 2
TN Curriculum Standards:
• 1.0-Understand the social tensions and their
consequences after the turn of the century.
• 4.0-Understand the governmental policies
that affected America and the world during
the 1890s-1930s.
• 5.0- Understand the role of the United States
in world affairs.
5/16/2013 3
4 Years/ 8.5 Million Casualties
5/16/2013 4
Reasons 4 War
World War I was fought for 4 MAIN
reasons:
• Militarism
• Alliances
• Imperialism
• Nationalism
5/16/2013 5
Forming Alliances
Germany had quickly become
one of the most powerful
nations in the world.
*Prussia helped Germany
recover land that had been
taken by the French.
This made Germany and
France bitter enemies.
• Germany knew that they
needed to form alliances
with other countries to
protect their interests.
• They formed what is
known as the Triple
Alliance.
Triple Alliance-
• Germany
• Italy
• Austria-Hungary
(G. I. A.)
5/16/2013 6
TRIPLE ALLIANCE
5/16/2013 7
Russia Makes Friends
The Triple Allliance made Russia nervous.
Russians feared that the combined
strength of the new alliance would push
them to try to take over Russian
territories.
Russia and Austria-Hungary were bitter
enemies.
To protect their interest, Russia decided
to form their own alliance with France.
It would later come to include Great
Britain and the U. S.- the Triple Entente
or “Allies”
• (G.R. U. F. )
5/16/2013 8
MILITARISM
• Both set of alliances
encouraged militarism.
• militarism- the
aggressive build up of
armed forces to
intimidated and
threaten other nations.
5/16/2013 9
ARMS RACE
5/16/2013 10
ARMS RACE
Germany began building up their navy- this caused great
concern for Britain who at the time had the best navy.
Great Britain and Germany began competing to build
warships.
The Brits competition with the Germans made
them come closer to signing an alliance with
Russia and France.
5/16/2013 11
British Navy
5/16/2013 12
NATIONALISM
• Nationalism began to spread across Europe
around this same time.
• -nationalism-a feeling of intense pride in one’s
homeland, culture, or beliefs.
• -As a result of nationalism, lands and people
that had been conquered because of
imperialism began to rebel. These people
began to push and fight for their
independence.
5/16/2013 13
Nationalism
The ethnic groups that had been conquered by Austria-Hungary hated
the Germans and the Hungarians.
They rebelled against them at every chance they got. Out of all of the
ethnic groups (Czechs, poles, Bosnians, Ruthians, Jews, Gypsies,
…etc.) that were rebelling, the Serbians got their independence first.
-The Serbians wanted to take Bosnia, but Austria-Hungary annexed it.
5/16/2013 14
THE BLACK HANDS
• A Serbian terrorist
group named the Black
Hand, began to come
up with ways to punish
Austria Hungary.
• The Black Hands
advocated violence and
even used mailbox
bombs to terrorize their
enemies.
5/16/2013 15
Franz Ferdinand
-As he was riding through the streets, a Serbian nationalist (Gavrilo
Princip) shot and killed him. His wife was also shot to death.
*Franz Ferdinand was actually sympathetic to the Serbians.
In June 1914, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne Archduke Franz
Ferdinand, traveled to the capital of Bosnia.
5/16/2013 16
ASSASSINATION OF FRANZ FERDINAND
5/16/2013 17
DRAWING A LINE IN THE
SAND
Austria-Hungary
immediately blamed
Serbia. They issued
Serbia a 14 pt. ultimatum
that they knew Serbia
would never agree to.
As expected, Serbia did
not agree. Austria-
Hungary declared war on
Serbia.
Since Serbia was aligned
with Russia and Austria-
Hungary with Germany,
all of the alliance systems
entered into the war.
5/16/2013 18
Germany’s Agenda (Schlieffen Plan)
Germany’s plan was to launch a quick strike against France and
knock them out of the war.
In order for them to pull this off, they would have to go through
Belgium.
The only problem with going through Belgium was the fact that
Belgium was neutral.
Britain had promised the Belgians that they could remain neutral.
When Germany stormed through Belgium, this immediately made
Britain declare war on Germany.
5/16/2013 19
SCHLIEFFEN PLAN
5/16/2013 20
nEw aLLIANcES
• Italy switched sides and
joined the Allied Powers
(Great Britain, France,
Russia, Italy, and later
the U. S.).
• The Central Powers
were made up of
Germany, Austria-
Hungary, the Ottoman
Empire, and Bulgaria.
5/16/2013 21
AN UNEXPECTED ATTACK!
• The battle in France did not go
quite the way the Germans
expected. They had an
advantage over the British
and the French, but were
stunned when Russia invaded
Germany.
• They did not anticipate their
being able to mobilize so
quickly.
• They were forced to pull some
of their troop from the battle
in France to help fight against
the Russians in Germany. This
weakened the German force in
France.
5/16/2013 22
No Clear Winners
• This gave the Allied
forces a chance to
advance.
• Both sides were
eventually locked in a
stalemate in the
trenches (lasted about 3
years).
5/16/2013 23
THE HOME FRONT
• President Wilson was determined to keep the U.
S. out of the war. He declared the U. S. to be
neutral.
• Americans, particularly immigrant groups began
to take sides with their home countries. Other
Americans sided with the Allied Powers because
of the strong ties to Britain.
• Americans began to urge President Wilson to
begin building up our military in case we
eventually got drawn into the war.
5/16/2013 24
THE HOME FRONT
• Publicly, Wilson proclaimed that he was
neutral, but his sympathies were really with
the Britain and France.
• They shared a similar culture, language, and
ideals about liberty. Germany was more
militaristic in leadership.
• Wilson knew that America was a nation of
immigrants. He worried about how the war in
Europe would affect their loyalties.
5/16/2013 25
Divided We Fall?
• Although we weren’t
officially in the war,
American businesses
began to loan billions of
dollars to the Allied
Powers.
• Americans in the
Midwest loaned
millions to aid the
Germans.
5/16/2013 26
BRITISH PROPOGANDA
They mostly described how brutal and wretched the Germans
were.
*The British cut the telegraph cable from Europe to the U. S. This allowed
them to control all of the news that America got about the war.
They used propaganda(information designed to influence opinions).
The British routinely came up with ways to draw the
Americans into the war.
5/16/2013 27
British
Propaganda• The British labeled the
German ruler Kaiser
Wilhelm II as “the Mad
Dog of Europe” and
the “Beast of
Berlin”.
5/16/2013 28
British Propaganda
5/16/2013 29
British Naval Blockade
• Since Britain’s Navy had control of the seas,
they had no trouble setting up a blockade of
Germany.
• The U.S. was furious about the blockade
because it cut off their trade with Germany.
• In reality, the blockade had little economic
effect on the U.S. because the supplies we
were exporting to Britain to support their war
effort increased by 400%.
5/16/2013 30
Supplying the Brits
• The U.S. was exporting food, clothing, steel,
and munitions to Britain.
• This was enough to pull the U.S. out of the
recession that it had been in before the war.
• Supplying Britain with resources would
alienate Germany.
• They would soon retaliate by sinking ships
headed for Britain.
5/16/2013 31
Check 4 Understanding
• At the beginning of World War I, President
Woodrow Wilson followed a traditional United
States foreign policy by
A. refusing to permit trade with either side in
the conflict
B. sending troops to aid Great Britain
C. declaring American neutrality
D. requesting an immediate declaration of war
against the aggressors
5/16/2013 32

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World War I (pt. 1 of 3 part series)

  • 1. Bellringer- SPI 7.3 • A major goal of reformers during the Progressive Era was to A. end segregation in the South B. correct the abuses of big business C. limit immigration from Latin America D. enact high tariffs to help domestic industry grow 5/16/2013 1
  • 2. World War I Lecture I 5/16/2013 2
  • 3. TN Curriculum Standards: • 1.0-Understand the social tensions and their consequences after the turn of the century. • 4.0-Understand the governmental policies that affected America and the world during the 1890s-1930s. • 5.0- Understand the role of the United States in world affairs. 5/16/2013 3
  • 4. 4 Years/ 8.5 Million Casualties 5/16/2013 4
  • 5. Reasons 4 War World War I was fought for 4 MAIN reasons: • Militarism • Alliances • Imperialism • Nationalism 5/16/2013 5
  • 6. Forming Alliances Germany had quickly become one of the most powerful nations in the world. *Prussia helped Germany recover land that had been taken by the French. This made Germany and France bitter enemies. • Germany knew that they needed to form alliances with other countries to protect their interests. • They formed what is known as the Triple Alliance. Triple Alliance- • Germany • Italy • Austria-Hungary (G. I. A.) 5/16/2013 6
  • 8. Russia Makes Friends The Triple Allliance made Russia nervous. Russians feared that the combined strength of the new alliance would push them to try to take over Russian territories. Russia and Austria-Hungary were bitter enemies. To protect their interest, Russia decided to form their own alliance with France. It would later come to include Great Britain and the U. S.- the Triple Entente or “Allies” • (G.R. U. F. ) 5/16/2013 8
  • 9. MILITARISM • Both set of alliances encouraged militarism. • militarism- the aggressive build up of armed forces to intimidated and threaten other nations. 5/16/2013 9
  • 11. ARMS RACE Germany began building up their navy- this caused great concern for Britain who at the time had the best navy. Great Britain and Germany began competing to build warships. The Brits competition with the Germans made them come closer to signing an alliance with Russia and France. 5/16/2013 11
  • 13. NATIONALISM • Nationalism began to spread across Europe around this same time. • -nationalism-a feeling of intense pride in one’s homeland, culture, or beliefs. • -As a result of nationalism, lands and people that had been conquered because of imperialism began to rebel. These people began to push and fight for their independence. 5/16/2013 13
  • 14. Nationalism The ethnic groups that had been conquered by Austria-Hungary hated the Germans and the Hungarians. They rebelled against them at every chance they got. Out of all of the ethnic groups (Czechs, poles, Bosnians, Ruthians, Jews, Gypsies, …etc.) that were rebelling, the Serbians got their independence first. -The Serbians wanted to take Bosnia, but Austria-Hungary annexed it. 5/16/2013 14
  • 15. THE BLACK HANDS • A Serbian terrorist group named the Black Hand, began to come up with ways to punish Austria Hungary. • The Black Hands advocated violence and even used mailbox bombs to terrorize their enemies. 5/16/2013 15
  • 16. Franz Ferdinand -As he was riding through the streets, a Serbian nationalist (Gavrilo Princip) shot and killed him. His wife was also shot to death. *Franz Ferdinand was actually sympathetic to the Serbians. In June 1914, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand, traveled to the capital of Bosnia. 5/16/2013 16
  • 17. ASSASSINATION OF FRANZ FERDINAND 5/16/2013 17
  • 18. DRAWING A LINE IN THE SAND Austria-Hungary immediately blamed Serbia. They issued Serbia a 14 pt. ultimatum that they knew Serbia would never agree to. As expected, Serbia did not agree. Austria- Hungary declared war on Serbia. Since Serbia was aligned with Russia and Austria- Hungary with Germany, all of the alliance systems entered into the war. 5/16/2013 18
  • 19. Germany’s Agenda (Schlieffen Plan) Germany’s plan was to launch a quick strike against France and knock them out of the war. In order for them to pull this off, they would have to go through Belgium. The only problem with going through Belgium was the fact that Belgium was neutral. Britain had promised the Belgians that they could remain neutral. When Germany stormed through Belgium, this immediately made Britain declare war on Germany. 5/16/2013 19
  • 21. nEw aLLIANcES • Italy switched sides and joined the Allied Powers (Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and later the U. S.). • The Central Powers were made up of Germany, Austria- Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. 5/16/2013 21
  • 22. AN UNEXPECTED ATTACK! • The battle in France did not go quite the way the Germans expected. They had an advantage over the British and the French, but were stunned when Russia invaded Germany. • They did not anticipate their being able to mobilize so quickly. • They were forced to pull some of their troop from the battle in France to help fight against the Russians in Germany. This weakened the German force in France. 5/16/2013 22
  • 23. No Clear Winners • This gave the Allied forces a chance to advance. • Both sides were eventually locked in a stalemate in the trenches (lasted about 3 years). 5/16/2013 23
  • 24. THE HOME FRONT • President Wilson was determined to keep the U. S. out of the war. He declared the U. S. to be neutral. • Americans, particularly immigrant groups began to take sides with their home countries. Other Americans sided with the Allied Powers because of the strong ties to Britain. • Americans began to urge President Wilson to begin building up our military in case we eventually got drawn into the war. 5/16/2013 24
  • 25. THE HOME FRONT • Publicly, Wilson proclaimed that he was neutral, but his sympathies were really with the Britain and France. • They shared a similar culture, language, and ideals about liberty. Germany was more militaristic in leadership. • Wilson knew that America was a nation of immigrants. He worried about how the war in Europe would affect their loyalties. 5/16/2013 25
  • 26. Divided We Fall? • Although we weren’t officially in the war, American businesses began to loan billions of dollars to the Allied Powers. • Americans in the Midwest loaned millions to aid the Germans. 5/16/2013 26
  • 27. BRITISH PROPOGANDA They mostly described how brutal and wretched the Germans were. *The British cut the telegraph cable from Europe to the U. S. This allowed them to control all of the news that America got about the war. They used propaganda(information designed to influence opinions). The British routinely came up with ways to draw the Americans into the war. 5/16/2013 27
  • 28. British Propaganda• The British labeled the German ruler Kaiser Wilhelm II as “the Mad Dog of Europe” and the “Beast of Berlin”. 5/16/2013 28
  • 30. British Naval Blockade • Since Britain’s Navy had control of the seas, they had no trouble setting up a blockade of Germany. • The U.S. was furious about the blockade because it cut off their trade with Germany. • In reality, the blockade had little economic effect on the U.S. because the supplies we were exporting to Britain to support their war effort increased by 400%. 5/16/2013 30
  • 31. Supplying the Brits • The U.S. was exporting food, clothing, steel, and munitions to Britain. • This was enough to pull the U.S. out of the recession that it had been in before the war. • Supplying Britain with resources would alienate Germany. • They would soon retaliate by sinking ships headed for Britain. 5/16/2013 31
  • 32. Check 4 Understanding • At the beginning of World War I, President Woodrow Wilson followed a traditional United States foreign policy by A. refusing to permit trade with either side in the conflict B. sending troops to aid Great Britain C. declaring American neutrality D. requesting an immediate declaration of war against the aggressors 5/16/2013 32