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Lesson 4 Independence and Its Challenges
- 1. Lesson 4 Bellringer: In what ways did European actions impact Africa?
- 2. Loyalty • Who/What are you loyal to? • What does that word/feeling mean? • Read page 47
- 3. Independence and Its Challenges – Problem for Africa: Europe grouped many different ethnic groups together with long-standing rivalries • Led to conflict – Africa desired independence • Growing nationalism in the 1900’s • Pride in one’s homeland
- 4. South African Independence – 1912: South Africa forms a political party which fought for independence and the rights of the South Africans • Apartheid; system of racial segregation • Rights based on color • Keep the white minority in power
- 5. Desire for Independence – 1920’s a movement known as Pan-Africanism began • It stressed unity and cooperation among all Africans • “Africa for Africans” – WWII had a huge impact on Africa’s history • Africa was a crucial component to the Allied forces • Colonies supplied equipment and soldiers – African soldiers came home victorious and desired independence even more • WWII also weakened Western Europe • Too expensive to keep colonies – Some African colonies gained independence peacefully – Others went to war
- 6. Individual Countries – Ghana: the people began to boycott British goods • Protests, sent to jail • 1952 gained independence – Algeria: French colony • Bloody war in 1954 • 1962 won independence, but at the cost of 100,000 Algerian lives
- 7. Challenges – Challenges for Independent Africa • Leaders had little experience • Unstable governments • Military governments – Limited rights – Jailed protesters – Bloody coups – Some countries established democracies • “Let Africa have time to establish own democracies” • Very young countries
- 8. Conflict – Read articles about genocide – Rwanda BBC Article – Darfur – Discuss
- 9. Exit Card How did WWII impact Africa’s history?
- 10. Independence – Groups read about different African countries’ road to independence or history of government – Create posters to present to class
- 11. Homework – Write vocabulary for whole chapter – Write definitions