1. World War II

2. Germany has to cede Alsace-Lorraine to France Germany has to cede coal mines in Saar to France Germany has to cede West-Prussia and all of Posen to the new country of POLAND Germany has to give up all colonies Germany has to cede all war materials to allies Germany not allowed to have: Tanks Warships Airplanes Poison Gas Germany must limit size of army & navy Germany must pay 20 billion gold marks

3. 440 Articles blamed Germany for WWI

5. Creating Democracies President Wilson “ 14 Points”

6. Creating Democracies President Wilson “ 14 Points” President Bush Iraq War

7. “ The way Europe worked for centuries was through war, displacement of citizens, and restructuring of national borders.”

8. Wilson’s Goals: Make the world safe for democracy

9. Wilson’s Goals: Make the world safe for democracy Carve up Europe (Based on nationalities)

10. Wilson’s Goals: Make the world safe for democracy Carve up Europe Force DEMOCRATIC governments (Based on nationalities)

11. Nationalism: 1. Division of Europe by nationalities...

12. Nationalism: 1. Division of Europe by nationalities... 2. Loyalty to country & its people* ABOVE ALL ELSE

13. Nationalism: 1. Division of Europe by nationalities... 2. Loyalty to country & its people* ABOVE ALL ELSE *People of the same blood regardless of geography

14. SOVIET UNION

15. 1. “Uncle Joe” became leader of Soviets Stalin’s Goals:

16. 1. “Uncle Joe” became leader of Soviets Stalin’s Goals: 2. Tried to create the perfect Communist state

17. 1. “Uncle Joe” became leader of Soviets Stalin’s Goals: 3. Abolished private farms, established collectives massive industrialization 2. Tried to create the perfect Communist state

18. ITALY

19. Mussolini’s Rise: 1. Unemployment + inflation = strikes

20. Mussolini’s Rise: 1. Unemployment + inflation = strikes 2. Upper-class wanted government help

21. Mussolini’s Rise: 1. Unemployment + inflation = strikes 2. Upper-class wanted government help 3. Benito Mussolini = NATIONALISM

22. Mussolini’s Rise: 1. Unemployment + inflation = strikes 2. Upper-class wanted government help 3. Benito Mussolini = NATIONALISM 4. Practiced TOTALITARIANISM

24. GERMANY

26. Hitler promised to raise Germany from the shame of the Treaty of Versailles

27. The League of Nations FAILS

28. The League of Nations FAILS It’s fatal flaw? No military for enforcement

29. The League of Nations FAILS It’s fatal flaw? No military for enforcement Failure in Japan

30. The League of Nations FAILS It’s fatal flaw? No military for enforcement Failure in Japan Hitler increased size of army

31. The League of Nations FAILS It’s fatal flaw? No military for enforcement Failure in Japan Hitler increased size of army The League couldn’t stop him

32. The League of Nations FAILS It’s fatal flaw? No military for enforcement Failure in Japan Hitler increased size of army The League couldn’t stop him Italy gave all power to Il Duce

33. The League of Nations FAILS It’s fatal flaw? No military for enforcement Failure in Japan Hitler increased size of army The League couldn’t stop him Italy gave all power to Il Duce The League did nothing

35. “ ...and the Wolf chewed up the children and spit out their bones...But those were Foreign Children and it didn’t really matter.”

36. Hitler’s Rise to Power Germany asks France For moratorium—France Refuses France controls Germany’s richest production area German workers strike/inflation rises 1922

37. Hitler’s Rise to Power Hitler acts out “Beer Hall Putsch” “ Putsch” fails Hitler imprisoned Writes “ Mein Kampf ” Mein Kampf explains principles of Nazism

38. Hitler’s Rise to Power Hitler gains a following as a savior Democratically elected as PM of Weimar Establishes the Third Reich 1933

39. Austria (formerly Austria-Hungary” was not allowed to join Germany... Hitler takes Austria

40. “ German Austria must unite itself with the German Motherland...” —Hitler Mein Kampf

41. Austria (formerly Austria-Hungary” was not allowed to join Germany... Austrian Chancellor accepted Hitler’s terms for control of Austria (by vote) Hitler takes Austria

43. Austria (formerly Austria-Hungary” was not allowed to join Germany... Austrian Chancellor accepted Hitler’s terms for control of Austria (by vote) Hitler invaded Austria (1938) Hitler takes Austria

44. Czechoslovakia

45. Czechoslovakia Czechs...7,447,000

46. Czechoslovakia Czechs...7,447,000 Germans...3,218,000

47. Czechoslovakia Czechs...7,447,000 Germans...3,218,000 Slovaks...2,309,000

48. Czechoslovakia Czechs...7,447,000 Germans...3,218,000 Slovaks...2,309,000 Magyars...729,000

49. Czechoslovakia Czechs...7,447,000 Germans...3,218,000 Slovaks...2,309,000 Magyars...729,000 Ruthenes...569,000

50. Czechoslovakia Czechs...7,447,000 Germans...3,218,000 Slovaks...2,309,000 Magyars...729,000 Ruthenes...569,000 Poles...100,000

51. Czechoslovakia Czechs...7,447,000 Germans...3,218,000 Slovaks...2,309,000 Magyars...729,000 Ruthenes...569,000 Poles...100,000 Others...266,000

52. Hitler takes Czechoslovakia Sudetenland contained large # of German-speaking , pro-Nazi population

53. Hitler takes Czechoslovakia Sudetenland contained large # of German-speaking , pro-Nazi population Hitler & Chamberlain met 3 times over the Sudetenland in N. Czechoslovakia

54. Hitler takes Czechoslovakia Sudetenland contained large # of German-speaking , pro-Nazi population Hitler & Chamberlain met 3 times over the Sudetenland in N. Czechoslovakia The Munich Agreement (Sudetenland would be Hitler’s last demand)

55. Hitler & Stalin Soviet Union signed non-aggression pact With Germany

56. Hitler & Stalin Soviet Union signed non-aggression pact With Germany Stalin gained eastern half of Poland

57. Hitler’s Attack Style BLITZKRIEG

58. Stage 1: Air bombing Stage 2: Tanks & Artillery

59. Stage 3: Flanking Infantry

60. Highly effective fighting style Fighting in Poland was over in 3 weeks

61. Hitler takes France Hitler planned to attack France after Poland

62. Hitler takes France Hitler planned to attack France after Poland French behind “Maginot Line”

63. Hitler takes France Hitler planned to attack France after Poland French behind “Maginot Line” Germans behind “Siegfried Line”

64. Hitler takes France Hitler planned to attack France after Poland French behind “Maginot Line” Germans behind “Siegfried Line” A year spent waiting = “Phony War”

65. Hitler takes France Hitler attacked Belgium & “walked to France”

66. Hitler takes France Hitler attacked Belgium & “walked to France” Handed France his surrender terms

67. Hitler takes France Hitler attacked Belgium & “walked to France” Handed France his surrender terms Germany controlled N. France

68. Hitler takes France Hitler attacked Belgium & “walked to France” Handed France his surrender terms Germany controlled N. France S. France was puppet government (“Vichy”)

69. Britain Poland Romania

70. Greece Turkey

71. Soviet Union Britain Got Entangled

72. The Holocaust

73. Nazi plan for Weimar Republic Disband the Reichstag

74. “ We will become members of the Reichstag in order to disable the Weimar order with its own acquiescence...We come as enemies.” — Joseph Goebbels

75. Nazi plan for Weimar Republic Disband the Reichstag Reichstag burns & Hitler blames the communists

76. Nazi plan for Weimar Republic Disband the Reichstag Reichstag burns & Hitler blames the communists President Von Hindenburg suspended individuals & civil rights

77. Nazi plan for Weimar Republic Hitler elected democratically

78. Nazi plan for Weimar Republic Actions against “inferiors” began a month later Hitler elected democratically

79. Nazi plan for Weimar Republic Actions against “inferiors” began a month later Hitler elected democratically One of the first actions was the “Jewish boycott”

81. 1. Marginalization

82. Before Hitler, most Jews were comfortable as German citizens... Converted to Christianity Married non-Jews 100,000+ fought for Germany during WWI Taught in German Universities

83. Nazis required a boycott of all Jewish owned shops and business’

84. “ Germans! Defend yourselves! Don’t buy from Jews.” “ The Jews are our misfortune!” “ JUDE”

85. “ Nazification” of Culture Distinguishing between “pure” German (Nazi) culture & inferior cultures

86. “ Nazification” of Culture Distinguishing between “pure” German (Nazi) culture & inferior cultures Hundreds of Thousands of “ un-German” books were burned

88. “ Nazification” of Culture Germany relied on PROPAGANDA

89. “ Nazification” of Culture Germany relied on PROPAGANDA Joseph Goebbels—Master of Propaganda

90. “ Nazification” of Culture Germany relied on PROPAGANDA Controlled press, radio, film, art, music, and public events Joseph Goebbels—Master of Propaganda

94. “ Nazification” of Culture 1937—Degenerate Art Exhibit

95. “ Nazification” of Culture 1937—Degenerate Art Exhibit Degenerate Art —art that doesn’t glorify Aryan race

96. “ Nazification” of Culture 1937—Degenerate Art Exhibit Exhibit was designed to emphasize the arts’ “ugliness” Degenerate Art —art that doesn’t glorify Aryan race

102. 2. Government Action

103. Jews & the Law 400 laws limiting Jewish citizens between (1933-1939)

104. Jews & the Law 400 laws limiting Jewish citizens between (1933-1939) Civil Service Law

105. Jews & the Law 400 laws limiting Jewish citizens between (1933-1939) Nazis even created a “science” based on Jewish/German differences Civil Service Law

106. “ [the] state must set race in the center of all life. It must take care to keep it pure. [The state] must see to it that only the healthy beget children...” —Hitler Mein Kampf

107. Race Science Forced sterilization (500,000 in 10) 320,000 German outcasts: Alcoholics, homosexuals, depressed, schizophrenics, “work shy” Instituted euthanasia (execution) Mentally insane, handicapped, retarded

108. Nuremburg Race Laws Women under 45 couldn’t work in Jewish households Marriage & sex between Jews & non-Jews forbidden Jews are not German citizens Subjects of the state

110. “ Jews Unwelcome” signs appeared in theaters, shops, pharmacies, hotels, restaurants, etc.

111. Could only sit on public benches marked for Jews

112. Jewish business’ Aryanized

113. All Jews had to take new middle names

114. Jewish passports marked with “J”

115. The Evian Conference Britain: “No room.” US: “We have a quota system.” Australia: “We don’t want the Jewish problem.” Canada: “We’ll take farmers only.”

116. Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass)

117. The Saint Louis

118. Hitler elected democratically 1933 Boycott of Jewish business’ “ Civil Service” laws (400 between ‘33-’39)

119. “ Degenerate Art” exhibit Forced sterilization of “inferiors” Separation of “pure” German and “inferior” people groups 1937 1934 1935

120. The S.S. Saint Louis The Evian Conference Kristallnacht 1939 1938

121. 3. Execution