1. The Sacraments of Healing
Anointing of the Sick
Reconciliation/Penance
also known as Confession

2. Sacraments of Healing
The two Sacraments of
Healing are:
• Reconciliation (Penance)
• Anointing of the Sick
Through the sacraments of initiation we receive life
in Christ, carrying it in human vessels, subject to
suffering, sin and death. The Sacraments of Healing
continue, through the Holy Spirit, Christ’s work of
healing and forgiveness of sins so that we can most
fully live our lives in Christ who saves us.

3. Anointing of the Sick
 The purpose of this Sacrament is to confer grace for
those who are seriously or chronically ill, or who are
suffering difficulties due to age. It can be given for both
physical and mental illness.
 Anointing of the Sick can be received each time a person
is gravely ill, or as an illness worsens, or in anticipation
of serious surgery.
 Priests and bishops are the ministers of this Sacrament.

4. Anointing of the Sick
 The Sacrament includes reading from Scripture and a
penitential prayer, followed by individual prayer over the
person, anointing of the forehead and hands with the Oil of
the Sick.
 Graces imparted in this sacrament include:
 Uniting the individual with the passion of Christ for his/her own
good and the good of the Church;
 Strength, peace and courage for the individual to endure his/her
sufferings in a Christian manner;
 Forgiveness of sins, if the person is unable to celebrate the
Sacrament of Penance;
 Restoration of health, according to God’s plan for salvation of
the individual;
 Preparation for passing to eternal life, if that is God’s plan.

5. Viaticum
For the person in imminent danger of death,
Anointing of the Sick is accompanied by
Penance and Eucharist.
Eucharist received at time of death is
referred to as Viaticum (food for the
journey.)

6. The Sacrament of Penance
This is a sacrament of conversion. In it, we are
reconciled to God and to each other.
Sin is above all else, an
offense against God.
Conversion includes God’s
forgiveness and reconciliation
with the Church, accomplished
through the Sacrament.

7. SIN
Do good, avoid evil, but…..

8. Physical Evil
There are physical evils
that are not caused by
anyone/anything, but just
part of earthly life.
Natural events -
Tornadoes,
earthquakes, floods,
fires, etc.

9. Moral Evil
Moral evil is the result of human
choice.
 A choice for evil is a sin.
 All moral evil can be avoided.
 Both the agent and the recipient
are harmed by moral evil.

10. Definitions of Sin
Augustine: Sin is any deed,
word or desire against eternal
law.
Aquinas: Sin is the voluntary
transgression of the divine
moral law; a turning away from
God toward creatures in a
disordered way.

11. Sin is a Personal Act
Sin is a human act,
therefore a person is
always responsible for
his/her sins.

12. Five Classifications of Sin
1. Original or Actual
2. Mortal or Venial
3. Formal or Material
4. Commission or Omission
5. Internal or External

13. Five Classifications of Sin
1. Original or Actual
 Original Sin was committed
by Adam and Eve and
gives all humans
concupiscence.
 Actual Sin is committed
by individuals

14. Five Classifications of ACTUAL Sin
 Gravity: Moral or Venial
 Venial sins are lesser sins, but by repetition can lead to mortal sin and/or a
life a vice
Mortal Sin requires three things:
Grave Matter
Full knowledge of the
sinfulness of the act
Complete consent – act is
committed freely and
deliberately

15. Five Classifications of Sin
Formal or Material
(Consider Intent)
Formal sin is a voluntary and freely
chosen action contrary to God’s law:
carries culpability
Material sin is an involuntary action
without either full knowledge or full
deliberation – does not have
culpability.

16. Five Classifications of Sin
Commission or Omission
Commission is choice to do an evil
act
Omission is choice not to do
something that you should (help a
person in danger, attend Mass)

17. Five Classifications of Sin
Manifestation:
Internal or External?
External sin is committed with words
or actions
Internal sin is committed with thought
or desire

18. Occasion of Sin
Along with avoiding sin, one
also has the obligation to avoid
occasions of sin: any person,
place or thing that will likely
lead to sin.
Avoid temptations that will
likely lead to sin.

19. Cooperation in Evil
Formal cooperation: agreeing with
or cooperating in the commission of
evil
Explicit
Implicit
Material cooperation – helping another do
an act that is not in of itself evil but
helps another do evil.
Immediate
Mediate: proximate and remote

20. Effects of Sin
Weakening/ break in love of God
Those who sin are called to conversion
and forgiveness

21. Sacraments of Forgiveness
BAPTISM is the primary sacrament
of forgiveness – all sin: original,
venial and mortal is forgiven in
Baptism
For sins committed after Baptism,
the Sacrament of Reconciliation is
the ordinary path to forgiveness and
should be received regularly.

22. Justification
Justification is possible because
of Christ’s Passion and Death.
We receive justification at Baptism
Justification is the remission of sins,
sanctification of the person and the
voluntary reception of grace and gifts.

23. Contrition
Sincere sorrow for having offended God.
Perfect contrition immediately forgives sin-
sorry because we have offended God
Imperfect contrition with sacramental
absolution forgives sin – sorrow because of
shame, or because we fear the punishment
for our sins.

24. Conversion
Christ is always willing to forgive
us
Parable of Prodigal Son is best
example of the power of
conversion.

25. St. Paul lists many sins in his writings.
 Romans 1:29-31; 13:13
 1 Cor 5:10-11; 6: 9-10
 2 Cor 12:20-21
 Gal 5: 19-21
 Eph 4:31; 5:3-5
 Col 3: 5-8
 1Tm 1:9-10; 4:12; 6: 9-11
 2 Tm 3:2-5
 Ti 3:3

26. History of the
Sacrament of Penance
 Christ gave Peter and the Apostles (the 12) the
power to reconcile sinners, but only God forgives
sin.
 It is offered to those who, after Baptism, need to
recover the grace of justification.
 In the early Church, this applied only to those who
committed very grave sins. They were given a
rigorous penance (often lasting for years) that
could only be reconciled once in a lifetime.
 During the 7th century, Irish missionaries, inspired
by Eastern monastery practice, took the practice of
private confession (between penitent and priest) to
Europe. It is in these practices that the current
practice of the Sacrament is rooted.

27. Celebration of the Sacrament
 Penance may be celebrated as
often as the penitent feels
necessary. The Church requires us
to celebrate this sacrament once a
year, or any time we commit a
MORTAL sin.
 In most parishes, a Penance
Service is held during the seasons
of Advent and Lent, and
confessions are heard weekly, or
by appointment with a priest.
 The minister of Penance is a priest
or bishop.
 Ordinarily, Penance is celebrated
before First Eucharist around the
age of seven.

28. Celebration of the Sacrament
Confessions may be heard face-to-face (seated,) or behind
a screen (kneeling.) This is usually at the preference of the
penitent.
BEFORE confession, the penitent makes an Examination of
Conscience. These are usually based on the 10
Commandments and the Beatitudes.
Entering the confessional, or as the penitent approaches the
priest, he/she may greet the priest using these or other
appropriate words: Good morning, hello, or traditionally -
Bless me, Father, for I have sinned, then, it’s been -----
since my last confession (or this is my first confession) and
making the Sign of the Cross.

29. Celebration of the Sacrament
 The penitent then shares with the priest whatever sins
he/she wishes to confess.
 Not necessary to have a litany of sins but must include
serious and/or habitual sins.
 The priest may offer some advice or ask clarifying
questions before giving the penitent a penance to do.
 At the end of sharing, penitent will include all sins in Act
of Contrition by saying “for these sins and all other sins
I have committed, I am truly sorry,” followed by an Act
of Contrition that includes a promise to change.
Penitent may read one of the traditional prayers or
speak to God directly from his/her heart.

30. The priest then prays the words of absolution:
"God, the Father of mercies, through the death
and resurrection of his Son has reconciled the
world to himself and sent the Holy Spirit among
us for the forgiveness of sins; through the
ministry of the Church may God give you pardon
and peace, and I absolve you from your sins in
the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of
the Holy Spirit. Amen.“
As the priest says, in the name of the Father,…
the penitent makes the Sign of the Cross.
He will generally dismiss the penitent with
“Peace be with you” or similar words.

31. After confession
Penance is done as prescribed by the
priest. It may be prayer, acts of charity
or other acts intended to bring healing
to relationships, restitution for wrong-
doing and a habitual change in the
sinner’s behavior. Regardless of the
penance, ordinarily the penitent spends
time in prayer immediately after
confession.