1. Publishing and Using
Linked Open Data
Richard J. Urban, Ph.D.
School of Library and Information Studies
Florida State University
rurban@fsu.edu
@musebrarian
#lod4h
2. January 8, 2013
Tuesday’s Schedule
• 9:00 am- 10:30 am Class Session: Information Modeling Fundamentals
• 10:30-10:45 am break
• 10:45- Noon Class Session: Linked Data Models
• Noon- 1:00 pm Lunch (on your own)
• 1:00- 2:45 pm Class Session: Searching Linked Data
• 2:45- 3:00 pm break
• 3:00-5:00 pm Class Session: Identifying Linked Data for Participant
Projects
• 5:30-7:00 pm DHWI Public DH: API Workshop
Registered Attendees Only
#lod4h
3. Humanities Data Models
• What are the models that we currently
use?
– Document-based models
– Database Models
– Probabilistic/Statistical Models (NLP)
#lod4h
4. How RDF is Different
• Based in knowledge representation
languages (artificial intelligence)
• Grounded in formal predicate
logic/description logics
• 20th Century developments in the philosophy of
language (Leibnitz, Russell, Wittgenstein, Peirce,
Frege, Kripke, Tarski, etc.)
• Intended to enable intelligent reasoning
#lod4h
6. Model-Theoretic Semantics
1. use formal structures and rules to ensure
that every legitimate language expression
has a well-defined meaning;
2. define what is means for a statement in a
language to be true under a particular
interpretation;
3. allow us to formalize the intuitive notion of
logical consequence, that is, of one
statement 'following logically' from others;
and…
4. provide a basis for implementing automated
reasoning via an appropriate proof theory.
#lod4h
7. Interpretations
• The basic intuition of model-theoretic
semantics is that asserting a sentence makes
a claim about the world: it is another way of
saying that the world is, in fact, so arranged
as to be an interpretation which makes the
sentence true. In other words, an assertion
amounts to stating a constraint on the
possible ways the world might be.
– Anyone can say anything about anything.
– But…you need to tell me what your interpretation
is so I can evaluate it.
#lod4h
9. Entailment
A. Jane is the mother of John.
B. All mothers are females.
C. No females are males.
D. Jane is not a male.
• Entailment enables us to generate valid
inferences from RDF data.
#lod4h
10. Identity & Constants
• Logical languages, like first-order logic,
rely on binding constants to referents.
• RDF does this by using URIs as a
constant.
#lod4h
11. Literal/Non-Literal
• Literal: Text strings that are directly used
as objects of a statement.
• Typed Literals: strings that conform to a
datatype
– XML Datatypes: http://goo.gl/4wQss
– XMLLiteral
• Non-Literal: URIs that name a resource.
#lod4h
12. Examples
foaf:name “Leonardo da Vinci” Plain literal
dcterms:title “La Joconde”@fr
Plain literal w/
dcterms:title “Mona Lisa”@en language
:birthday
“1452-04-15”^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date> . Type literal
#lod4h
14. Classes/subclasses
• Class: types of resources which we wish
to assign properties and relationships.
• Subclasses inherit all the properties of a
class.
• RDFs allows a subclass to have multiple
parents.
#lod4h
18. Domain/Range
• Domain: which class may have a property
(what can be the subject of a triple that
uses this property)
• Range: what class of objects can be used
with this property.
– A class of resources
– Literals/datatypes, etc.
#lod4h
20. Limitations of RDFs
• Cardinality
• Transitivity
• Equivalence (of classes/instances)
• Constraining range based on domain
– Domain:basketball teamMembers 5
– Domain:soccer teamMembers 11
#lod4h
21. An easier way!
• Protégé Ontology Editor
http://protege.stanford.edu/
#lod4h
22. Cultural Heritage
• CIDOC – Conceptual Reference Model
– Lightweight Information Describing Objects
(LIDO) (XML Schema)
– Europeana Data Model (EDM)
• Bibliontology
• Open Annotation Collaboration
#lod4h
31. • CONSTRUCT: returns results as RDF
triples (not a web page to browse)
• ASK: returns boolean (true/false)
• DESCRIBE: provide a specified set of
properties for a resource
#lod4h