1. Labels and buttons
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2. Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be
able to know
• Control fundamentals
• Adding and removing controls
• Labels
• Buttons
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3. Recap
In the previous class, you have leant
• Displaying information within a window
• Working with color and font
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4. Control Fundamentals
• The AWT supports the following types of
controls:
• Labels
• Push buttons
• Check boxes
• Choice lists
• Lists
• Scroll bars
• Text editing
• These controls are subclasses of Component
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5. Adding and Removing Controls
• To include a control in a window, you must add it
to the window
• To do this, you must first create an instance of
the desired control
• Then add it to a window by calling add()
• The syntax is
– Component add(Component compObj);
– Here, compObj is an instance of the control that you
want to add
– A reference to compObj is returned
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6. Adding and Removing Controls contd..
• Sometimes you want to remove a control from a
window when the control is no longer needed
• To do this, call remove( )
• It has this general form:
– void remove(Component obj)
– Here, obj is a reference to the control you want to
remove
• You can remove all controls by calling
removeAll( )
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7. Labels
• The easiest control to use is a label
• A label is an object of type Label, and it contains
a string, which it displays
• Labels are passive controls that do not support
any interaction
• with the user
• Label defines the following constructors:
– Label( )
– Label(String str)
– Label(String str, int how)
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8. Labels contd..
• The first version creates a blank label
• The second version creates a label that contains
the string specified by str
• This string is left-justified
• The third version creates a label that contains
the string specified by str using the alignment
specified by ‘how’
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9. Labels contd..
• The alignment is specified by one of these three
constants
– Label.LEFT
– Label.RIGHT
– Label.CENTER
• You can set or change the text in a label by
using the setText( ) method
– void setText(String str)
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10. Labels contd..
• You can obtain the current label by calling
getText( )
– String getText( )
• You can set the alignment of the string within the
label by calling setAlignment()
– void setAlignment(int how)
• To obtain the current alignment, call
getAlignment( )
– int getAlignment( )
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11. Labels contd..
// Demonstrate Labels
import java.awt.*;
import java.applet.*;
/* The sample output is shown here
<applet code="LabelDemo" width=300
height=200>
</applet>
*/
public class LabelDemo extends Applet {
public void init() {
Label one = new Label("One");
Label two = new Label("Two"); Fig. 70.1 LabelDemo
Label three = new Label("Three");
// add labels to applet window
add(one);
add(two);
add(three);
}
} http://improvejava.blogspot.in/ 11

12. Buttons
• The most widely used control is the push button
• A push button is a component that contains a
label and that generates an event when it is
pressed
• Push buttons are objects of type Button
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13. Buttons contd..
• Button defines these two constructors:
– Button( )
– Button(String str)
– The first version creates an empty button
– The second creates a button that contains str as a label
• After a button has been created, you can set its
label by calling setLabel( )
– void setLabel(String str)
– Here, str becomes the new label for the button
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14. Handling Buttons
• Each time a button is pressed, an action event is
generated
• This is sent to any listeners that previously registered
• Each listener implements the ActionListener interface
• That interface defines the actionPerformed() method,
which is called when an event occurs
• We have to write our code in this method to handle the
button’s event
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15. Handling Buttons contd..
// Demonstrate Buttons
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.applet.*;
/*
<applet code="ButtonDemo" width=250 height=150>
</applet>
*/
public class ButtonDemo extends Applet implements ActionListener {
String msg = "";
Button yes, no, maybe;
public void init() {
yes = new Button("Yes");
no = new Button("No");
maybe = new Button("Undecided");
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16. Handling Buttons contd..
add(yes);
add(no);
add(maybe);
yes.addActionListener(this);
no.addActionListener(this);
maybe.addActionListener(this);
}
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17. Handling Buttons contd..
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
String str = ae.getActionCommand();
if(str.equals("Yes")) {
msg = "You pressed Yes.";
} else if(str.equals("No")) {
msg = "You pressed No.";
} else {
msg = "You pressed Undecided.";
}
repaint();
}
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18. Handling Buttons contd..
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString(msg, 6, 100);
}
} The sample output is shown here
Fig. 70.2 Handling Buttons
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19. Summary
• AWT supports several GUI components
• In this class we have seen how to use
– Labels
– Buttons
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20. Quiz
1. The event generated by button is
– FocusEvent
– ActionEvent
– ContainerEvent
– KeyEvent
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21. Quiz contd..
2. Which method is used get the caption of a label
– getCaption()
– getLabel()
– getText()
– None
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22. Frequently Asked Questions
1. List the constructors and methods of Label
2. List the constructors and methods of Button
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