2. Confronting the Issue of Slavery
In 1819, the
number of slave
states and free
states stood at
11 apiece
3. Free States
Free states: Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York,
Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts New
Hampshire, Vermont, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois
4. Slave States
Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia,
Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana,
Mississippi, and Alabama
5. Questions about Missouri
Congress
questioned whether
Missouri should be
admitted as a slave
state
As a slave state, it
would spread
slavery into the
Louisiana Territory
6. Issue 1: Missouri applied for
statehood as a slave state
Northerners
favored/opposed
this because…
Southerners
favored/opposed
this because…
7. Issue 2: The Tallmadge Amendment
proposed that Missouri be admitted
as a free state
Northerners
favored/opposed
this because…
Southerners
favored/opposed
this because …
8. On your own…
Given these two issues,
create a compromise that
satisfies northerners of
southerners.
9. The Missouri Compromise
Missouri entered the Union as a slave
state
Maine entered the Union as a free state
Congress drew an imaginary line across
the Louisiana Territory at latitude 36°30׳
Slavery was permitted south of that line
and prohibited north of it
10. The Missouri Compromise
North of the line,
slavery banned
forever, except in
Missouri
South of the line,
slavery permitted
11. The Missouri Compromise Unravels
Because of slavery, southerners threatened to secede,
or withdraw from the Union
Northerners felt that slavery was a crime against
humanity… a great evil.
12. Issue 1:Abolitionists wanted to stop slavery in
Washington, D.C., but Congress refused to
consider anti-slavery petitions.
Northern
abolitionists
were
pleased/angered
because…
Southerners
were
pleased/angere
d because…
13. Issue 2: Some northerners assisted
fugitive slaves.
Northerners
tolerated/condemned
this practice because…
Southerners
tolerated/condemned
this practice because…
14. Issue 3: The Wilmot Proviso stated slavery
would not be allowed in the Mexican Cession
Northerners
favored/opposed this
amendment because…
Southerners
favored/opposed this
amendment because…
15. Issue 4: California applied for
admission as a free state
Northerners
favored/opposed
admitting California as a
free state because…
Southerners
favored/opposed
admitting California as a
free state because…
16. On your own…
Given these four issues,
create a compromise
that satisfies
northerners and
southerners.
17. The Compromise of 1850
California was admitted as a free state
New Mexico and Utah were organized as
territories open to slavery
The slave trade was ended in Washington,
D.C.
A strong fugitive slave law was passed
18.
19. The Fugitive Slave Law
A fugitive is a person who flees or tries to
escape from slavery.
Under this law, any person arrested as a
runaway slave had no legal rights.
It also stated that those who helped a slave
escape could be jailed.
20. Fugitive Slave Law
The North was against
this law and refused to
support it.
The assistance or help
that northerners gave
the escaped slaves
caused hard feelings
for southern
slaveholders.
22. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Beecher
Stowe wrote this
novel after
experiencing a
vision that detailed
the horrors of
slavery
23. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s “Uncle
Tom’s Cabin”
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
turned millions of
people against slavery
Abraham Lincoln
commented to Stowe,
“So you’re the little
woman who wrote the
book that made this
great war”
24. The Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
Created the
territories of Kansas
and Nebraska
The Missouri
Compromise was
removed, allowing
slavery in the north
25. Popular Sovereignty
Left it up to the settlers themselves to vote
on whether to permit slavery in Kansas and
Nebraska
Popular Sovereignty is rule by the people
Northerners were outraged because they did
not want slavery and it violated the Missouri
Compromise
26. Bloodshed in Kansas
The struggle over slavery turned violent on May 21,
1856
Pro-slavery vs. Anti-slavery
John Brown, an abolitionist, got revenge by
dragging 5 men who supported slavery and hacked
them to death with swords
27. The Dred Scott Case
Dred Scott was a
slave who sued for
his freedom when
his master took him
to Wisconsin,
where slavery was
illegal
28. The Dred Scott Decision
The United States
Supreme Court
ruled against Scott
because African
Americans, whether
slave or free, could
not become
American citizens
29. Dred Scott Decision
As a result of the Dred
Scott decision, slavery
allowed in all territories
(yellow states)
30. Issue 1: The Fugitive Slave Law caused
bitterness between North and the South
Northerners were
satisfied/dissatisfied
with the way the Fugitive
Slave Law was enforced
because…
Southerners were
satisfied/dissatisfied
with the way the Fugitive
Slave Law was enforced
because
31. Issue 2: The book Uncle Tom’s Cabin told
the story of a slave and his master.
The book was
popular/unpopular
in the North
because …
The book was
popular/unpopular
in the South
because…
32. Issue 3: The Kansas-Nebraska Act stated that the issue of slavery in
those territories would be decided by popular sovereignty. Both pro-
slavery and anti-slavery forces rushed to the territories to vote
Northerners were
pleased/unhappy
about the act
because….
Southerners were
pleased/unhappy
about the act
because….
33. Issue 4: The Dred Scott case. Scott was
a slave who believed his trip to
Wisconsin made him a free man.
Northerners probably
believed he was a
free/still a slave because
….
Southerners probably
believed he was free/still
a slave because…
34. On your own
Recommend a ruling to the Supreme Court
on the Dred Scott case that satisfied
northerners and southerners. Your ruling
must address these issues: Was Scott a
citizen with the right to sue in federal court?
Did Scott’s visit to Wisconsin make him a
free man? Can Congress ban slavery in the
territories?
35. The Dred Scott Decision
Scott could not sue for his freedom in a
federal court because he was not a citizen,
nor could any African American ever
become an American citizen
Scott’s stay in Wisconsin did not make him a
free man because the Missouri Compromise
was unconstitutional
Congress cannot ban slavery in the
territories
36. Issue 1: During the Lincoln-Douglass
debates, positions regarding slavery were
made clear
Lincoln, representing the
opinion of the North, felt
slavery was a legal/moral
issue because…
Douglas, representing
the opinion of the South,
felt that slavery was a
legal/moral issue
because…
37. Issue 2: John Brown attacked the
arsenal at Harpers Ferry to get
weapons for a slave rebellion.
Some northerners
upset/reassured
southerners after
Brown’s raid because…
Southerners were
unconcerned/fearful
about Brown’s raid
because…
38. Issue 3: In 1860 Abraham Lincoln
was elected president
Northerners were
happy/unhappy about
the election because…
Southerners were
happy/unhappy with the
election because…
39. On your own…
Given these three issues,
create a compromise that
satisfied northerners and
southerners and can save the
Union.
40. Secession
South Carolina and six other
states seceded from the
Union
South Carolina fired on Fort
Sumter (first shots)