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NatCen Briefing:  Reconciling Parenthood and Work Mari Toomse, Research Director, Mari.Toomse@natcen.ac.uk Eloise Poole, Senior Researcher, Eloise.Poole@natcen.ac.uk
Briefing overview Background I ntroduction to the study ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Question and answer session
Recent policy context Work and Families Act 2006 Extension of Paternity Leave April 2011 Modern Workplaces Consultation 2011 Focus is shifting towards shared parenting
Aims of research Examine the effect of legislative changes on take up of maternity pay and leave and return to work Identify differences between groups of mothers Identify choices and constraints for not returning Examine take up of paternity leave and pay
Study overview Maternity and Paternity Rights and Women Returners Survey Funded by DWP and BIS Face-to-face survey of mothers Telephone survey of fathers Fieldwork conducted in 2009/10 Babies born May to September 2008 Sample from Child Benefit records
Publication of findings DWP Research Report 777: Maternity and Paternity Rights and Women Returners http://research.dwp.gov.uk/asd/asd5/rports2011-2012/rrep777.pdf Research Summary Data in the UK Data Archive
Fathers Fathers
Taking time off before birth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Mothers can invite fathers along ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No entitlements at the moment Fathers encouraged to take time off
Taking time off after birth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Taking time off before birth
Did fathers take time off before birth? Base: All fathers
How much time did fathers take off? Base: All fathers who took time off
How did they take time off? Base: All fathers who took time off before birth
Taking time off after birth
Did fathers take time off after birth? Base: All fathers
How much time did fathers take off? Base: All fathers who took some time off
How did fathers take time off? Base: All fathers who took some time off after birth
Who took paternity leave? Base: All employed fathers who took time off after baby’s birth
Who took paternity leave? Base: All employed fathers who took time off after baby’s birth
Number of weeks of Paternity Leave at full pay Base: All fathers who took paternity leave
Who did not receive full pay? Fathers were less likely to receive full pay if: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reasons for not taking paternity leave Base: Fathers who did not take paternity leave
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],9 out of 10 fathers took time off after birth Three quarters did it by taking paternity leave Three quarters took two weeks or more 4 out of 5 received full pay for at least some time Affordability of paternity leave was an issue for some fathers
Mothers – Maternity Leave
Maternity leave – current legislation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Self employed mothers and non-qualifying mothers rec ei ve all paid leave at ‘flat rate’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Maternity leave – 2007 changes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Maternity Leave and Maternity Pay
Mothers taking longer maternity leave:  key characteristics
Mothers taking longer maternity leave: key characteristics
Mothers – Maternity Pay
Maternity Pay
Mothers – Return to work
Return to work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No significant difference in return to work rate between 2006 and 2008
Return to work – key characteristics
Return to work – key characteristics
Return to work – key characteristics
Working hours before and after birth
Mothers – Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion Work and Families Act 2006 has enabled mothers to take longer leave Evidence on impact on return to work is not clear Differences between mothers in length of leave taken have  decreased However, differences in return to work have  increased
Conclusion Fathers are taking time off before birth After birth many fathers are taking more than their statutory entitlement after birth Indicates appetite among fathers to be more involved
Conclusion Majority of time fathers take off before birth is paid Majority of fathers receive some paternity leave at full pay Affordability main reason for non take-up Most mothers have returned to work by the time their SMP/MA entitlement has ended Financial considerations are important for many parents
For discussion How can this evidence help in developing the system of shared parental leave?
Questions & Answers

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Reconciling parenthood and work - NatCen briefing

  • 1. NatCen Briefing: Reconciling Parenthood and Work Mari Toomse, Research Director, Mari.Toomse@natcen.ac.uk Eloise Poole, Senior Researcher, Eloise.Poole@natcen.ac.uk
  • 2.
  • 3. Recent policy context Work and Families Act 2006 Extension of Paternity Leave April 2011 Modern Workplaces Consultation 2011 Focus is shifting towards shared parenting
  • 4. Aims of research Examine the effect of legislative changes on take up of maternity pay and leave and return to work Identify differences between groups of mothers Identify choices and constraints for not returning Examine take up of paternity leave and pay
  • 5. Study overview Maternity and Paternity Rights and Women Returners Survey Funded by DWP and BIS Face-to-face survey of mothers Telephone survey of fathers Fieldwork conducted in 2009/10 Babies born May to September 2008 Sample from Child Benefit records
  • 6. Publication of findings DWP Research Report 777: Maternity and Paternity Rights and Women Returners http://research.dwp.gov.uk/asd/asd5/rports2011-2012/rrep777.pdf Research Summary Data in the UK Data Archive
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Taking time off before birth
  • 11. Did fathers take time off before birth? Base: All fathers
  • 12. How much time did fathers take off? Base: All fathers who took time off
  • 13. How did they take time off? Base: All fathers who took time off before birth
  • 14. Taking time off after birth
  • 15. Did fathers take time off after birth? Base: All fathers
  • 16. How much time did fathers take off? Base: All fathers who took some time off
  • 17. How did fathers take time off? Base: All fathers who took some time off after birth
  • 18. Who took paternity leave? Base: All employed fathers who took time off after baby’s birth
  • 19. Who took paternity leave? Base: All employed fathers who took time off after baby’s birth
  • 20. Number of weeks of Paternity Leave at full pay Base: All fathers who took paternity leave
  • 21.
  • 22. Reasons for not taking paternity leave Base: Fathers who did not take paternity leave
  • 23.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. Maternity Leave and Maternity Pay
  • 28. Mothers taking longer maternity leave: key characteristics
  • 29. Mothers taking longer maternity leave: key characteristics
  • 33.
  • 34. Return to work – key characteristics
  • 35. Return to work – key characteristics
  • 36. Return to work – key characteristics
  • 37. Working hours before and after birth
  • 38.
  • 39. Conclusion Work and Families Act 2006 has enabled mothers to take longer leave Evidence on impact on return to work is not clear Differences between mothers in length of leave taken have decreased However, differences in return to work have increased
  • 40. Conclusion Fathers are taking time off before birth After birth many fathers are taking more than their statutory entitlement after birth Indicates appetite among fathers to be more involved
  • 41. Conclusion Majority of time fathers take off before birth is paid Majority of fathers receive some paternity leave at full pay Affordability main reason for non take-up Most mothers have returned to work by the time their SMP/MA entitlement has ended Financial considerations are important for many parents
  • 42. For discussion How can this evidence help in developing the system of shared parental leave?

Notas del editor

  1. Paternity Rights have so far been limited compared to Maternity Rights.
  2. Looking at mothers taking longer periods of leave (that is periods of leave 40 weeks or more) we can also see a large increase between 2006 and 2008. The take-up of longer leave amongst mothers did vary by various characteristics, though many of the observed differences of mothers taking longer leave are less in 2008 than in 2006.